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1.
目的 重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)技术已广泛应用在临床中,实现对神经、精神类疾病的治疗,特别在抑郁症、强迫症中取得较好的临床治疗效果。近年来越来越多的研究将其应用于帕金森病(PD)的辅助、康复治疗,以期缓解患者的运动症状改善运动功能。目前临床中多以PD统一量表、运动任务评估rTMS对运动症状的辅助治疗效果,缺乏对高频rTMS刺激调控作用机制的探究。方法 本研究采用10 Hz rTMS刺激肢体症状始发侧对侧初级运动皮层(M1),对比分析刺激前后各脑区神经元活动及其连接性的变化,研究高频rTMS刺激初级运动皮层对PD患者大脑神经元活动的调节作用。结果 运动皮层beta振荡增加、gamma振荡降低(P<0.05),额、顶叶脑区间连接性减弱(P<0.05)。结论 10 Hz rTMS主要改变了PD患者beta、gamma振荡,其中运动皮层beta、gamma神经振荡的变化可能与磁刺激对运动功能的改善作用有关,而前额叶gamma振荡的变化可能是磁刺激抑制神经元异常放电活动调节患者运动控制功能。  相似文献   

2.
摘要 目的:探讨间歇性θ脉冲刺激(iTBS)联合有氧运动训练对老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者糖脂代谢、认知功能和听觉诱发电位P300的影响。方法:选取2020年3月~2021年11月期间来我院接受治疗的老年T2DM合并MCI患者117例。按照随机数字表法分为对照组(有氧运动训练,58例)和观察组(iTBS联合有氧运动训练,59例)。观察两组干预前后糖脂代谢、认知功能和听觉诱发电位P300的变化情况。结果:观察组干预后空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组干预后总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)组间对比,统计学无差异(P>0.05)。观察组干预后蒙特利尔量表(MoCA)各维度及总分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组干预后中央区(Cz)潜伏期、组顶区(Pz)潜伏期短于对照组,Cz波幅、Pz波幅高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:iTBS联合有氧运动训练用于老年T2DM合并MCI患者,可有效降低血糖,改善机体认知功能和听觉诱发电位P300。  相似文献   

3.
目的 本研究旨在观察不同持续时间的模拟失重对大鼠抑郁样行为和海马超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的影响,以探究其影响及可能的作用机制。方法 采用后肢悬挂(HLS)尾吊法模拟大鼠失重状态。将大鼠分为对照组和不同模拟失重时间尾吊组(尾吊时长分别为1、2、3、4周)。采用旷场实验(OFT)、新物体识别实验(NORT)、强迫游泳实验(FST)观察大鼠抑郁样行为,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定海马SOD和CAT活性。结果 OFT结果显示,与对照组相比,HLS不同时间大鼠的僵滞时间增加(P<0.05,P<0.01)。在NORT中,与对照组相比,HLS不同时间大鼠对新物体的探索潜伏期增加,探索次数和时间减少(P<0.05,P<0.01)。在FST中,与对照组相比,HLS不同时间大鼠在FST中的不动时间增加,攀爬次数减少(P<0.05,P<0.01)。与对照组相比,HLS不同时间组大鼠海马组织中SOD和CAT水平均下降(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 短时间或长时间的失重都会导致大鼠产生类抑郁样行为。  相似文献   

4.
目的 探究哺乳期乳铁蛋白(lactoferrin,LF)的缺失及不同来源LF补充后对幼鼠肠道发育的影响。方法 以LF基因敲除型雌鼠作为哺乳母鼠造成幼鼠哺乳期无LF的摄入,且从幼鼠出生第3~21天每日人工饲喂100 mg/kg 牛血清白蛋白(BSA)、牛源乳铁蛋白(bovine Lactoferrin,bLF)及重组人源乳铁蛋白(recombinant human Lactoferrin,rhLF),于幼鼠21日龄取样,测定各组小鼠小肠发育指标。结果 在本实验周期下,哺乳期rhLF的补充显著性增加小鼠回肠绒毛长度/隐窝深度值(P<0.05),且上调回肠OccludinZO-1基因的表达(P<0.05),增加小鼠十二指肠、空肠和回肠麦芽糖酶酶活/乳糖酶酶活比值(P<0.05),表明哺乳期rhLF的补充能够增强小鼠肠道消化吸收能力和肠屏障功能;哺乳期bLF的补充显著增加小鼠十二指肠及回肠麦芽糖酶活性/乳糖酶活性比值(P<0.05)。结论 对于哺乳期无LF摄入的乳鼠来说,哺乳期间LF的补充能够增强乳鼠肠道对营养物质的消化吸收能力、促进肠道的发育成熟、增强肠道屏障功能,并且,本实验中rhLF表现出比bLF更加有效的作用。  相似文献   

5.
目的 探究理论与实践交互渗透培养方案对普外科实习护士的培训效果。 方法 2013年4月—2014年4月期间60例普外科室实习护士进行培训,实验组采取理论与实践交互渗透培养方案,对照组采取常规培养方案。对两组学员培训前、培训后的理论成绩、操作成绩、患者对学员的满意度以及学员队培训方案满意度进行比较。 结果 培训后,实验组的理论成绩为(91.18±3.61) 分,对照组为(82.73±4.84) 分;实验组的操作成绩为(97.34±1.15) 分,对照组为(91.75±2.12) 分。患者对实验组的沟通能力、观察力、主动服务能力、职业操作规范性、职业道德的满意度均高于对照组。实验组学员对本次培训方案的满意度为100.00%,对照组学员的满意度为83.33%。经比较以上项目均具有显著差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 理论与实践交互渗透培养方案更有利于提高普外科室实习护士的培训效果,学员的满意度更高,值得广泛推广。  相似文献   

6.
为阐明木麻黄(Casuarina equisetifolia)的化学成分,采用有机溶剂提取、萃取及多种分离技术,从其根中分离得到14个化合物。经光波谱分析,其结构分别鉴定为5-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl-6-O-syringoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (1),高良姜苷A (2),heterophylloside C (3)、6''-O-vanilloylisotachioside (4)、3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl-6-O-syringoyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (5)、香草醛(6)、丁香醛(7)、3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(8)、齐墩果酸(9)、桦木酸(10)、胡萝卜苷(11)、胡萝卜苷亚油酸酯(12)、(±)-lyoniresinol 2-O-a-rhamnoside (13)和(-)-9-acetyl-isolariciresinol 9''-O-a-l-rhamnopyranoside (14),其中化合物14为新的木脂素。  相似文献   

7.
目的 蝙蝠耳蜗外听毛细胞产生的耳蜗微音器电位(cochlear microphonic,CM)信号包含有耳蜗基底膜运动的相关信息。本研究旨在通过分析调频(frequency modulation,FM)蝙蝠CM信号与其接收声波频率之间的关系,以探究蝙蝠耳蜗神经对回声定位的影响机制。方法 通过在腹侧耳蜗核放置一组金属电极,记录并分析FM蝙蝠(EptesicusPipistrellus)CM信号对猝发声(tone burst)的刺激响应。结果 两种不同种类的FM蝙蝠(EptesicusPipistrellus)在高声压刺激时,CM信号均值频率响应曲线均表现出在较窄的特定频率段发声明显凹陷。对于Eptesicus,其CM信号均值频率响应曲线在一次谐波和二次谐波的截止频率(terminal frequency,TF)两侧均有明显波谷,这些波谷凹陷从15 kHz起以 15 kHz的频率间隔重复出现;对于Pipistrellus,CM信号均值频率响应曲线仅在一次谐波两侧有明显波谷。结论 CM信号表现出的抑制作用与FM蝙蝠一次谐波和二次谐波TF之间的关系,反映出耳蜗神经对特定频率会产生抑制作用,这种抑制作用有助于蝙蝠提取调制到TF附近的目标定位信息。  相似文献   

8.
目的 研制医生角色认知刻板印象测量工具。方法 运用半结构式访谈、自由反应法及特征词赋值形成医生角色认知刻板印象初始问卷。采用配额抽样抽取医生、护士、患者及公众共1 614名,应用医生角色认知刻板印象初始问卷及一般资料问卷进行调查,经典型特征筛选、项目分析及探索性因素分析,最终形成医生角色认知刻板印象测量工具。结果 探索性因素分析析出3个因子(职业形象定位、职业自律性、职业素养)、24个特征词,3个因子累积解释总方差63.841%,内部一致性系数0.959,折半信度0.922。结论 医生角色认知刻板印象测量工具具有较好的信效度,可用于测量我国不同地域、不同群体对医生角色认知刻板印象现状。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨白质消融性白质脑病中胶质细胞选择性受累而神经元受累轻微的原因。方法EIF2B5-RNAi表达载体转染至人星形胶质细胞和人神经元,检测基础状态下及内质网应激(endoplasmic reticulum stress,ERS)后细胞凋亡和活力,检测参与ERS调控的已知和未知miRNA,筛选EIF2B5-RNAi人星形胶质细胞在ERS后miRNA变化。结果EIF2B5-RNAi人神经元相比,星形胶质细胞自发凋亡及细胞活力下降。较之神经元,更多miRNA参与星形胶质细胞ERS刺激后的调控,EIF2B5-RNAi组参与调控的miRNA数目显著减少。聚类分析发现,5条已知miRNA是通路连接的关键组分。结论 人星形胶质细胞在ERS后可能更加依赖众多促细胞增殖分化的miRNA修复,而EIF2B5-RNAi人星形胶质细胞存在自发凋亡,ERS后严重减少的miRNA可能导致细胞无法存活。  相似文献   

10.
[背景] 钙/钙调素依赖型蛋白激酶(Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase,CaMK)是真核生物细胞钙信号途径中钙调素下游的一类重要靶蛋白,对病原物生长、胁迫响应及致病性等具有重要的调控作用。[目的] 对梨果黑斑病菌互隔交链孢(Alternaria alternataAaCaMK基因进行克隆、生物信息学分析,并对其在侵染结构分化过程中的基因表达情况进行分析,为进一步研究梨果黑斑病菌钙离子信号途径中AaCaMKA.alternata侵染结构分化调控的分子机制提供一定的理论依据。[方法] 采用同源克隆法从A. alternata JT-03中克隆得到3个AaCaMK基因;通过TMHMM、ProtScale、SOPMA等软件对AaCaMK基因进行生物信息学分析;利用实时荧光定量PCR (RT-qPCR)技术分析AaCaMK在梨果黑斑病菌侵染结构分化过程中的表达情况。[结果] 克隆得到片段分别为1 212、1 200、2 349 bp的AaCaMK1AaCaMK2AaCaMK3基因;生物信息学分析表明,AaCaMK1、AaCaMK2和AaCaMK3均含有典型的蛋白激酶超家族催化结构域(PKC_Like Superfamily),并且AaCaMK1和AaCaMK2共同含有CaMK类丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶催化结构域(STKc_CaMK),AaCaMK3含有LKB1/CaMKK类丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶催化结构域(STKc_LKB1_CaMKK);同源性分析表明,AaCaMK1、AaCaMK2和AaCaMK3分别与玉米大斑病菌CAK1、CAK2和CAK3的相似性高达94.32%、97.49%和86.57%;RT-qPCR分析表明,AaCaMK1AaCaMK2AaCaMK3在疏水及果蜡诱导A. alternata侵染结构分化过程中均显著上调表达(P<0.05),而且果蜡诱导作用更显著。其中AaCaMK1AaCaMK2在附着胞形成时期(6 h)表达量为对照的1.51倍和3.05倍,而AaCaMK3在侵染菌丝形成阶段(8 h)表达量最高,为对照的2.86倍,并且在果蜡诱导下,这3个基因在芽管伸长阶段(4 h)的上调表达量显著高于疏水界面。[结论] 钙信号中AaCaMK基因在疏水及果蜡诱导A.alternata侵染结构分化过程中发挥重要的调控作用。  相似文献   

11.
通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.  相似文献   

12.
Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m−2 s−1. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to Pfr.  相似文献   

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14.
真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
罗桂花 《遗传》2002,24(3):349-350
本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.  相似文献   

15.
The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.  相似文献   

16.
A complex analysis of seasonal fluctuations of the mean group parameters of the system of regulation of lipid peroxidation has been performed in liver of Balb/c mice. Association of lipid characteristics and morphophysiological parameters is studied in the Balb/c mouse liver. An inter-connection is revealed between the liver index and the amount of lysoforms of phospholipids, the scale and character of the interconnection differing essentially depending on proportion of phos-phatidylcholine in mouse liver phospholipids.  相似文献   

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龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。  相似文献   

19.
Seven strains of aerobic carbon monoxide-oxidizing bacteria (carboxydebacteria) when growing on CO as sole source of carbon and energy had doubling times which ranged from 12–42 h. The activity profiles obtained after discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugation indicated that the CO-oxidizing enzymes are soluble and the hydrogenases are membrane-bound in all strains examined. The CO-oxidizing enzymes of Pseudomonas carboxydohydrogena, Pseudomonas carboxydoflava, Comamonas compransoris, and the so far unidentified strains OM2, OM3, and OM4 had a molecular weight of 230,000; that of Achromobacter carboxydus amounted to 170,000. The molecular weights of the CO-oxidizing and H2-oxidizing enzymes turned out to be identical. The cell sonicates were shown to catalyze the oxidation of both CO and H2 with methylene blue, thionine, phenazine methosulfate, toluylene blue, dichlorophenolindophenol, cytochrome c or ferricyanide as electron acceptors. Methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, FAD+, FMN+, and NAD(P)+ were not reduced. The spectrum of electron acceptors was identical for all strains tested. Neither free formate, hydrogen nor oxygen gas were involved in the CO-oxidation reaction. Methylene blue was reduced by CO at a 1:1 molar ratio. The results indicate that CO-oxidation by carboxydobacteria is catalyzed by identical or similar enzymes and that the reaction obeys the equation CO+H2OCO2+2H++2e- as previously shown for Pseudomonas carboxydovorans.Dedicated to Otto Kandler remembering almost three decades of enjoyable cooperation  相似文献   

20.
Since the introduction of the concepts of allostery about four decades ago, much advancement has been made in elucidating the structure-function correlation in allostery. However, there are still a number of issues that remain unresolved. In this review we used mammalian pyruvate kinase (PK) as a model system to understand the role of protein dynamics in modulating cooperativity. PK has a triosephosphate isomerase (TIM)(α/β)8 barrel structural motif. PK is an ideal system to address basic questions regarding regulatory mechanisms about this common (α/β)8 structural motif. The simplest model accounting for all of the solution thermodynamic and kinetic data on ligand-enzyme interactions involves two conformational states, inactive ET and active ER. These conformational states are represented by domain movements. Further studies provide the first evidence for a differential effect of ligand binding on the dynamics of the structural elements, not major secondary structural changes. These data are consistent with our model that allosteric regulation of PK is the consequence of perturbation of the distribution of an ensemble of states in which the inactive ET and active ER represent the two extreme end states. Sequence differences and ligands can modulate the distribution of states leading to alterations of functions. The future work includes: defining the network of functionally connected residues; elucidating the chemical principles governing the sequence differences which affect functions; and probing the nature of mutations on the stability of the secondary structural elements, which in turn modulate allostery.  相似文献   

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