人DC体外分化成熟特性及抗P-选择素功能域单抗对其干预调节

结合树突状细胞(DC)生物学特性, 探讨抗P-选择素lectin-EGF功能域单抗(PsL-EGFmAb)对体外培养人DC成熟和功能干预调节的作用. 通过SCF, GM-CSF, TGF-β₁, Flt-3L及TNF-α体外培养体系, 从脐血CD34⁺造血干细胞中诱导扩增获得DC, 并于细胞成熟过程中用PsL-EGFmAb及辅以IL-10作为对照进行干预. 分别观察和检测DC形态学及细胞活力, 细胞表面分子HLA-DR, CD1a, CD11c, CD54, CD83, CD80, CD86, CD209(DC-SIGN)及CD62P, E, L(P-、E-、L-选择素)表达, 细胞内活性氧(ROS)水平, 及IL-12p35, p40 mRNA与NF-κBP50, P65 mRNA表达, 培养上清液中IL-12p70分泌含量, 以及DC体外对T淋巴细胞刺激能力, 以此分析PsL-EGFmAb 对DC成熟与功能的干预状况. 结果显示, 未成熟DC高表达属模式识别受体的C型凝集素DC-SIGN外, 且胞内蓄积适量ROS, 具备了细胞吞噬能力. 成熟DC除仍高表达DC-SIGN, 伴随细胞内NF-κB基因明显表达, 其表面黏附共刺激分子CD11c, CD83, CD80, CD86表达上调, 且细胞因子IL-12合成分泌增加, 并具明显的体外刺激T淋巴细胞增殖能力, 符合于抗原提呈细胞特征. 此外, 未成熟和成熟DC基本不表达P-, E-选择素, 而分别高表达和低表达L-选择素. 进一步发现, PsL-EGFmAb较对照IL-10对DC表面DC-SIGN表达有抑制作用; 也能抑制细胞内NF-κB基因表达, 并相应抑制或下调DC黏附共刺激分子CD11c, CD83, CD80, CD86及HLA-DR表达, 抑制IL-12基因转录及其合成分泌, 以及抑制DC体外刺激T细胞增殖的能力. 上述结果表明, PsL-EGFmAb对DC分化成熟及功能具有抑制作用, 提示此作用与其抑制作为DC模式识别受体及功能分子DC-SIGN有关, 并可能是通过影响NF-κB信号途径起作用.     

抗P-选择素凝集素-EGF功能域单抗对人树突状细胞成熟及功能抑制作用分析

在发现抗P-选择素凝集素-EGF功能域单抗(PsL-EGFmAb)对体外培养人树突状细胞(DC)成熟及功能有抑制作用基础上,进一步观察了PsL-EGFmAb对DC干预调节的作用机制。通过SCF、GM-CSF、TGF-β1、Flt-3L和TNF-α体外培养体系,从脐血CD34 造血干细胞中诱导扩增获得DC,并于成熟过程中用PsL-EGFmAb进行干预。采用流式细胞仪检测细胞表面分子表达;RT-PCR检测细胞内NF-κBp50、NF-κBp65mRNA表达;MTT比色法检测T细胞增殖反应,以及ELISA法测定IL-12p70分泌的含量。结果显示,PsL-EGFmAb对DC表面特异性C型凝集素DC-SIGN(CD209)表达有抑制作用,同时也能抑制DC细胞内NF-κBp50、NF-κBp65mRNA表达,相应抑制其黏附共刺激分子CD11c、CD83、CD80、CD86表达,以及IL-12p70分泌,此外也可抑制DC体外刺激T细胞增殖的能力。研究结果表明,PsL-EGFmAb对DC成熟及功能的抑制作用,提示与其抑制作为DC模式识别受体及功能分子DC-SIGN有关,并可能是通过影响NF-κB信号途径起作用。     

过敏性哮喘小鼠树突状细胞负荷Der p2后改变及与T细胞增殖分化的关系研究

目的:探讨哮喘小鼠与正常小鼠骨髓源性树突状细胞(DC)负荷Der p2抗原后表达表面分子(CD11c、CD86)和细胞因子(IL-10、IL-12p70)的差异及其对Th1和Th2型细胞因子平衡的影响,进一步研究过敏性哮喘发生中DC的可能作用。方法:分别从哮喘组和对照组提取骨髓培养DC,第五天负荷Der p2,24小时后吹打收集细胞,观察DC形态,用流式细胞仪检测孵育后细胞表面CD11c、CD86表达。并留取负荷Der f2前后培养上清,ELISA法检测IL-10及IL-12p70含量。同时以DC:反应细胞比例为1:10混合培养,72 h后ELISA法检测混合培养上清中IL-4、IL-5、IFN-γ的水平。结果:1负荷Der p2后,哮喘组CD86、CD11c表达比对照组高,分别为(t=11,P0.05)(t=4.9,P0.05),差异有统计学意义;2在细胞因子分泌方面,Der p2负荷前,两组DC均能分泌IL-10与IL-12p70,IL-10水平哮喘组高(t=9.5,P0.05),而IL-12p70水平对照组高(P0.05);负荷Der p2后,对照组IL-10、IL-12p7分泌量比负荷前明显增加(P0.05),哮喘组无明显差异(P0.05);3在DC刺激同种T细胞因子分泌方面,负荷Der p2后哮喘组DC刺激T细胞分泌IL-4、IL-5分泌能力明显增强(P0.05),而刺激INF-γ能力降低(P0.05)。结论:DC在过敏性哮喘中起着重要作用,异常DC通过增加CD86、CD11c的表达和减少IL-10及IL-12的合成,致使T细胞向Th2细胞优势分化。     

人外周血单核细胞来源的树突状细胞的体外“2＋2”快速法培养及其鉴定

以人浓缩白细胞来源的CD14 单核细胞为前体,建立体外快速培养树突状细胞(dendritic cell,DC)的方法.采用密度梯度离心和MACS磁珠分选系统,收集高纯度的CD14 单核细胞;以rGM-CSF、rIL-4联合分化2天诱导不成熟DC,再将分化后的细胞以rTNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、PGE2共同活化2天得到成熟DC.流式细胞仪检测结果表明,分化2天的不成熟DC具有吞噬能力,且表型HLA-DR、CD40、CD80表达在80%以上,CD83、CD86基本小表达,成熟后的DC能够激活T细胞增殖,HLA-DR表达增高,CD83、CD86表达占85%.     

支气管哮喘病儿外周血树突状细胞功能变化

目的:观察支气管哮喘病儿外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)来源树突状细胞(DC)功能变化。方法:以18例健康儿童为对照,选择16例支气管哮喘发作期病儿为研究对象,分离PBMC并经rhGM-CSF诱生成熟DC。采用流式细胞仪(FACS)检测DC表面共刺激分子CD80(B7-1)、CD86(B7-2)和CD83的表达率;ELISA法检测培养上清液中IL-10和IL-12的变化。结果:①哮喘组DC表面CD86的表达率明显高于健康对照组(t=2.27,P<0.05),CD80、CD83的表达率与健康对照组比较均无显著性差异(t=1.17,1.34;P>0.05)。②哮喘组DC分泌IL-10、IL-12水平均明显低于健康对照组(t’=3.31,3.39;P<0.01)。③哮喘组DC分泌IL-10与IL-12成正相关(r=0.740,P<0.01),而健康对照组IL-10与IL-12无相关性(r=0.232,P>0.05)。结论:支气管哮喘病儿DC存在功能缺陷,主要表现在CD86表达升高、IL-10、IL-12分泌减少。     

树突状细胞与马尔尼菲青霉酵母体外相互作用的研究

本文探讨了树突状细胞(DCs)在抗马尔尼菲青霉感染免疫中的作用。用细胞因子 rhGM-CSF 和rhIL-4诱导人外周血单核细胞分化为树突状细胞, 观察DCs的形态, 并用流式细胞仪进行DCs的表型测定, ELISA方法检测培养上清液IL-12p70的浓度, 混合淋巴细胞反应检测DCs刺激T淋巴细胞的增殖能力, 实时荧光定量PCR检测趋化因子受体CCR7、CXCR4的mRNA的表达。倒置显微镜下可见诱导获得的DCs细胞形态不规则, 表面伸展出大量树突。与马尔尼菲青霉酵母共同培养24 h后DCs的胞内含有大量的酵母细胞; 细胞表型CD86、CD83、HLA-DR和CD40的表达明显增高; 刺激T淋巴细胞增殖的能力增强; 趋化因子受体CCR7和CXCR4的mRNA表达量增加且能够产生IL-12p70但产生的量低于LPS刺激组。DCs能吞噬加热灭活的马尔尼菲青霉酵母, 并趋于成熟, 抗原呈递能力增加, 但是产生IL-12p70的量较低, 可能造成宿主抗马尔尼菲青霉酵母的细胞免疫功能的不足。     

树突状细胞与马尔尼菲青霉酵母体外相互作用的研究

本文探讨了树突状细胞(DCs)在抗马尔尼菲青霉感染免疫中的作用.用细胞因子rhGM-CSF和rhIL-4诱导人外周血单核细胞分化为树突状细胞,观察DCs的形态,并用流式细胞仪进行DCs的表型测定,ELISA方法检测培养上清液IL-12p70的浓度,混合淋巴细胞反应检测DCs刺激T淋巴细胞的增殖能力.实时荧光定量PCR检测趋化因子受体CCR7、CXCR4的mRNA 的表达.倒置显微镜下可见诱导获得的DCs细胞形态不规则,表面伸展出大量树突.与马尔尼菲青霉酵母共同培养24 h后DCs的胞内含有大量的酵母细胞;细胞表型CD86、CD83、HLA-DR和CD40的表达明显增高;刺激T淋巴细胞增殖的能力增强;趋化因子受体CCR7和CXCR4的mRNA表达量增加且能够产生IL-12p70但产生的量低于LPS刺激组.DCs能吞噬加热灭活的马尔尼菲青霉酵母,并趋于成熟,抗原呈递能力增加,但是产生IL-12p70的量较低,可能造成宿主抗马尔尼菲青霉酵母的细胞免疫功能的不足.     

人外周血单核细胞来源的树突状细胞的体外“2＋2”陕速法培养及其鉴定

以人浓缩白细胞来源的CD14^＋单核细胞为前体,建立体外快速培养树突状细胞（dendritic cell,DC）的方法。采用密度梯度离心和MACS磁珠分选系统,收集高纯度的CD14^＋单核细胞：以rGM—CSF、rIL-4联合分化2天诱导不成熟DC,再将分化后的细胞以rTNF-α,IL-1β、IL-6、PGE2共同活化2天得到成熟DC。流式细胞仪检测结果表明,分化2天的不成熟DC具有吞噬能力,且表型HLA—DR、CD40、CD80表达在80％以上,CD83、CD86基本不表达,成熟后的DC能够激活T细胞增殖,HLA—DR表达增高,CD83、CD86表达占85％。     

促吞噬肽衍生物TP对树突状细胞功能的影响

目的:探讨促吞噬肽衍生物TP对树突状细胞(DC)功能的影响。方法:分离、提纯小鼠骨髓来源DC,培养至第3 d弃上清,去除悬浮细胞,加入新鲜培养液,补充细胞因子,之后隔天半量换液,至第7 d获得DC;分别用TP和LPS刺激DC,Wright-Gimsa染色,用倒置显微镜观察细胞生长情况;流式细胞分析细胞表面分子CD80、CD83、CD86及CD11c的表达,鉴定细胞成熟度;q RT-PCR分析TP对DC分泌白细胞介素12b(IL-12b)的影响。结果:光镜及Wright-Gimsa染色的细胞形态学结果都显示TP可促进DC增殖及成熟,流式分析证明了这一结果,同时TP还促进DC大量分泌IL-12b。结论:TP不仅能促进DC增殖及成熟,还能影响DC的IL-12b表达;DC有可能是TP发挥抗癌作用的靶细胞之一。     

慢性丙型肝炎患者CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞对树突状细胞的作用

目的探讨慢性丙型肝炎(HCV)患者CD4+CD25+Treg细胞对外周血树突状细胞的作用。方法对35例HCV患者和35例健康对照各抽取外周血,采用密度梯度离心法分离外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),采用特异性免疫磁珠分选获得CD4+CD25+Treg细胞,并体外诱导培养获得树突状细胞(DCs);将CD4+CD25+Treg细胞与DC共培养5d后,采用流式细胞仪检测DC表面标志CD83、CD80、HLADR的表达,同时酶联免疫吸附法检测上清液中IL-10和TGF-β含量。结果与健康对照组相比,HCV患者CD83、CD80和HLA-DR的表达均显著下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);HCV组患者CD4+CD25+Treg分泌IL-10和TGF-β的水平均高于健康组(P0.01)。结论 HCV患者外周血Treg细胞能够抑制DC的成熟,细胞因子参与了免疫应答的调节。     

Membrane-bound/soluble IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) and levels of IL-1α, IL-2, and IL-6 in the serum and in the PBMC culture supernatants from 17 patients with hematological malignancies

The present study investigated the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) blastic responses to PHA, PHA plus recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) and rIL-2 alone; the expression of membrane-bound IL-2R on PHA-stimulated PBMC; and the levels of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-6, and sIL-2R in serum and in culture supernatants from PHA-stimulated PBMC in 17 patients with hematological malignancies (mean age 58.5 yr, range 22–82): 6 with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), 4 with Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL), 5 with Hairy cell leukemia, 1 with chronic myelogenous leukemia, and 1 with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The patients with HL and NHL with active disease (AD) were separated from those in clinical remission. The patients with AD were studied at diagnosis (obviously before therapy) and the patients in clinical remission were out of therapy since at least 6 mo. The lymphocyte blastogenic response to PHA was significantly lower in patients with HL and NHL with AD than in the control group. The response to rIL-2 alone was in the same range in the control group and in HL and NHL AD patients. By adding rIL-2 to PHA there was an increase of the blastogenic response of the same patients. The percentage of CD25 expressed on PHA-stimulated lymphocytes from patients with HL and NHL AD and from normal subjects is in the same range. Serum levels of IL-2, IL-6, and sIL-2R were significantly higher in HL and NHL AD patients than in controls as well as in all other hematological malignancies. Supernatants derived from PHA-stimulated PBMC were assessed for the presence of cytokines and sIL-2R by ELISA. The levels of IL-2, IL-6, and sIL-2R were significantly lower in HL and NHL AD patients than in controls as well as in all other hematological malignancies.     

Production of interleukin-1 (IL-1) and a specific IL-1 inhibitor during human monocyte-macrophage differentiation: Influence of GM-CSF

Mononuclear phagocytes release several factors involved in host defense and inflammation. Of these, interleukin-1 (IL-1) has multiple biological activities which are controlled at different levels including modulation of gene expression, protein synthesis or secretion, and interaction with inhibitors. We have investigated the production of IL-1 alpha and beta as well as the production of a specific IL-1 inhibitor (IL-1 INH) during the in vitro maturation of human monocyte-macrophages. Highly purified monocytes isolated by counterflow centrifugal elutriation were cultured up to six weeks, producing high levels of IL-1 alpha and beta during the first week of culture. Shortly after the first week bioactivity of IL-1 decreased, preceding a decrease of IL-1 immunoreactivity. In contrast, IL-1 inhibitory activity reached a peak during the third week and remained detectable up to six weeks. Granulocyte-monocyte-colony-stimulating factor GM-CSF increased the production of IL-1 INH by approximately 20%, but did not affect IL-1 production. The IL-1 INH, apparent molecular weight approximately 23 kD, blocks the binding of [125I]IL-1 alpha to its receptor. The balance between the production of IL-1 and its antagonist may be important for the regulation of the immune response and chronic inflammation during pathological processes.     

白介素18结合蛋白研究进展

白介素18结合蛋白（IL-18BP）是新近发现的一种糖蛋白,属免疫球蛋白超家族成员,目前已发现有6种IL-18BP的同工蛋白,IL-18BP可以在体内外有效抑制IL-18的作用。因而被认为是IL-18的天然拮抗剂,另外发现几种痘病毒编码的蛋白质与IL-18BP有高度同源性,其病毒产物可减弱IL-18诱导的Th1反应,利用IL-18BP拮抗IL-18的作用进行基因治疗将为某些自身免疫性疾病的治疗开辟一条新的途径。     

Direct evidence of a heterotrimeric complex of human interleukin-4 with its receptors.

The mode of binding of interleukin-4 (IL-4) to its two known receptors, specific receptor IL-4R and a shared receptor gamma c, was investigated using gel filtration and gel electrophoresis. A ternary complex between IL-4 and the soluble domains of the two receptors was shown to exist in solution. The association constant between gamma c and the stable complex of IL-4/sIL-4R is in the millimolar range, making the ternary complex a feasible target for crystallization studies.     

Sequential immunotherapy using interleukin-1 followed by interleukin-2 of ascitic MOPC104E-bearing mice

This study shows that intraperitoneal injection of interleukin-1 (IL-1), followed by interleukin-2 (IL-2), can effectively eradicate murine ascitic tumor cells. This antitumor effect of IL-1 and IL-2 was abolished when administration of IL-2 preceded that of IL-1. Solid tumors inoculated subcutaneously (s.c.) into the back of mice were also sensitive to this combined i.p. therapy, indicating a systemically-operating antitumor mechanism. Splenocytes from tumor-bearing mice treated with IL-1 followed by IL-2 showed a strong tumor-neutralizing activity. The population responsible proved to be Lyt2.2 (CD8)-positive cells.Abbreviations IL interleukin - LAK lymphokine activated killer - LU lytic unit - MST median survival time - SE sonicated tumor extract     

白介素10和白介素17基因启动子区多态性位点与儿童哮喘的相关性研究

目的：探讨IL-10基因启动子区-627A/C和IL-17基因启动子-152A/G位点多态性与儿童哮喘发生的相关性。方法：采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析（PCR-PFLP）方法检测186名哮喘儿童、198名健康儿童各个多态性位点的基因型,采用SPSS13.0进行统计学分析。结果：IL-17基因-152A/G位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在哮喘组与正常对照组均存在显著性差异（p〈0.05）,哮喘组-152A/G位点等位基因A频率显著高于正常对照组（x2=6.077,p=0.014,OR=1.430,95%CI=1.076-1.902）。结论：IL-17基因-152A/G位点可能与儿童哮喘的发病存在关系,其中A等位基因可能是易感基因,携带A的个体可能更易患有哮喘。     

哮喘患儿血白细胞介素-10、13检测的临床意义

目的探讨哮喘患儿外周血白细胞介素-10(IL-10)、13的变化及其在哮喘发病机制中的作用。方法用ELISA双抗体夹心法测定20例哮喘患儿及18例正常儿童血浆IL-10、13的含量。结果哮喘组血浆IL-13水平明显高于正常对照组,IL-10水平明显低于正常对照组(p均<0.05)。结论IL-10、13等细胞因子参与儿童哮喘发病的病理生理过程,可为判断病情提供较好的实验室参数。     

A novel IL-18BP ELISA shows elevated serum IL-18BP in sepsis and extensive decrease of free IL-18

IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) is a circulating antagonist of the proinflammatory Th1 cytokine IL-18. It effectively blocks IL-18 by forming a 1:1 high affinity (Kd=400 pM) complex, exhibiting a very low dissociation rate. We have developed a sandwich ELISA for IL-18BPa and determined its limit of detection (62 pg/ml). Interference by IL-18 and related cytokines, as well as cross reactivity with other IL-18BP isoforms (b, c, and d) were determined. Using this ELISA, we measured serum IL-18BPa in large cohorts of healthy individuals and in septic patients. Serum IL-18BPa in healthy individuals was 2.15+/-0.15 ng/ml (range 0.5-7 ng/ml). In sepsis, the level rose to 21.9+/-1.44 ng/ml (range 4-132 ng/ml). Total IL-18 was measured in the same sera by an electrochemiluminescence assay and free IL-18 was calculated based on the mass action law. Total IL-18 was low in healthy individuals (64+/-17 pg/ml) and most of it ( approximately 85%) was in its free form. Total IL-18 and IL-18BPa were both elevated in sepsis patients upon admission (1.5+/-0.4 ng/ml and 28.6+/-4.5 ng/ml, respectively). At these levels, most of the IL-18 is bound to IL-18BPa, however the remaining free IL-18 is still higher than in healthy individuals. We conclude that IL-18BPa considerably inhibits circulating IL-18 in sepsis. Yet, exogenous administration of IL-18BPa may further reduce circulating IL-18 activity.