斑蝥素酸镁对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721裸鼠皮下移植瘤凋亡的影响

建立人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,实验组每只裸鼠瘤周注射斑蝥素酸镁6.26×10-5mmol,对照组给予相同容积的无菌生理盐水瘤周注射。给药22 d后,观察斑蝥素酸镁对皮下移植瘤增殖的影响,并在此基础上,利用HE染色观察药物对人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织形态学特征的影响。实验发现斑蝥素酸镁组移植瘤细胞体积变小、胞浆固缩、嗜酸性变,细胞核固缩、碎裂。透射电镜观察人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织超微结构的改变,镜下见斑蝥素酸镁组移植瘤细胞核膜基本消失、核染色质聚集成团等改变。免疫组化二步法检测人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织中bcl-2、bax的表达水平,结果显示斑蝥素酸镁组瘤组织中bcl-2的表达低于生理盐水组,而bax的表达高于生理盐水组(P0.05)。本实验提示斑蝥素酸镁能明显抑制人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤的增殖,并能诱导移植瘤细胞发生凋亡,其机制可能与上调bax和下调bcl-2表达有关。     

三种斑蝥素金属衍生物对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721增殖抑制比较

比较镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、锶(Sr)三种金属元素与斑蝥素结合后对其体外抗肝癌活性的影响。以人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721为实验细胞株,采用SRB法检测细胞增殖抑制率,平板集落形成实验检测细胞的集落形成能力,Hoechst 33342染色法观察细胞核形态变化,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡和周期的情况。三种金属元素结合斑蝥素(CTD)后都能抑制细胞的增殖,且成剂量依赖关系。CTD抑制细胞增殖的活性仍强于斑蝥素酸钙(CaCTD)和斑蝥素酸锶(Sr-CTD),但明显弱于斑蝥素酸镁(Mg-CTD)。当给药浓度为0. 7μg/m L时,Mg-CTD组无细胞集落的形成,且抑制细胞集落形成的能力强于CTD组。而Ca-CTD和Sr-CTD抑制细胞集落形成作用无统计学意义。三种斑蝥素金属衍生物中,Mg-CTD引起细胞凋亡最多,其细胞凋亡率为11. 1%,且强于CTD阳性对照组。此外,CTD、Mg-CTD和Ca-CTD可以引起细胞G2/M期阻滞,其阻滞能力由强到弱的顺序为:Mg-CTD、CTD、Ca-CTD;而Sr-CTD对细胞G_2/M期的阻滞能力不明显。镁、钙、锶三种元素对斑蝥素体外抑制肝癌SMMC-7721细胞增殖的影响差异很大,镁元素与斑蝥素结合后在体外能增强斑蝥素的抗肝癌活性,而钙和锶元素则降低其抗肝癌活性。     

抗肝癌hdsFv-hEDN重组免疫毒素对荷人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的抑制作用

目的:研究抗肝癌hdsFv-hEDN重组免疫毒素对荷人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长的抑制作用,评价其作用为导向治疗药物的临床应用价值.方法:将体外培养的人肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721细胞接种于裸鼠皮下,建立荷人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤动物模型,随机分为hdsFv-hEDN治疗组和对照组,分别给予尾静脉注射hdsFv-hEDN和生理盐水,1次/日,共2周.比较各组裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长速度、肿瘤体积和重量,并计算肿瘤的抑制率.取各组裸鼠肿瘤组织,心,肺,肝,肾组织HE染色,光学显微镜下观察.结果:抗肝癌hdsFv-hEDN治疗组裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长抑制作用显著,肿瘤生长速度减慢,肿瘤体积从42.62±0.57 mm3增加到74.28±2.59 mm3、瘤重为155.82±14.43 mg,而对照组肿瘤体积从41.94±0.91 mm3增加到127.42±4.81 mm3、瘤重为283.28±15.21 mg,两组比较差异非常显著.肿瘤体积抑瘤率和瘤重抑瘤率分别达到41.59±0.02%和45.51±0.09%.组织学观察抗肝癌hdsFv-hEDN组肿瘤组织出现大片坏死,凋亡明显增加,心、肝、肺、肾等重要器官未见明显异常.结论:抗肝癌hdsFv-hEDN重组免疫毒素对荷人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤生长具有良好的抑制作用.     

蚕蛹复合氨基酸对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的抑制作用

本实验探讨蚕蛹复合氨基酸对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的抑制作用.实验经MTT法检测药物对人正常肝脏细胞株QSG-7701的毒性后,计算药物安全浓度.将不同浓度的蚕蛹复合氨基酸与人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721共培养,采用MTT法测定OD值,评定蚕蛹蛋白复合氨基酸对肝癌细胞株的增殖抑制作用;经Hoechst33258染色和倒置显微镜进行形态学观察以检测细胞凋亡率;流式细胞法测定细胞周期和Annexin V/PI双染色法检测细胞凋亡.细胞毒性实验表明:蚕蛹蛋白复合氨基酸的最大无毒浓度为10 mg/mL.不同浓度的蚕蛹蛋白复合氨基酸对SMMC-7721细胞均有抑制作用,各组与对照组相比差异有显著性(P＜0.05),并呈剂量和时间依赖性.Hoechst33258染色和流式细胞术结果亦证实,蚕蛹复合氨基酸能显著促进SMMC-7721细胞的凋亡.     

BIX-01294对肝癌细胞周期、凋亡及移植瘤的影响

目的:探究组蛋白甲基转移酶G9a抑制剂(BIX-01294)对肝癌细胞周期、凋亡及移植瘤的影响。方法:将SMMC-7721、BEL-7402、HL-7702原始细胞株传代培养后,分为空白对照组和不同浓度(1μM、5μM、10μM、20μM)BIX-01294处理组。应用Western-blot法检测G9a及肝癌细胞内凋亡蛋白CC3、C-PARP、Bax、Bcl-2表达水平;应用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测不同浓度BIX-01294处理SMMC-7721、BEL-7402细胞24、48、72、96 h后的细胞增殖情况;应用流式细胞术检测不同浓度的BIX-01294处理肝癌细胞96h后细胞周期分布情况;移植瘤试验21 d后测量裸鼠体内肿瘤体积及重量,并检测瘤体内H3K9me2的蛋白水平。结果:G9a在肝癌细胞SMMC-7721、BEL-7402中表达水平高于HL-7702细胞(P<0.05)。不同浓度的BIX-01294对SMMC-7721细胞和BEL-7402细胞增殖具有抑制作用,且具有时间依赖性和剂量依赖性(均P<0.05)。不同浓度BIX-01294处理细胞96h后,SMMC-7721细胞和BEL-7402细胞G0/G1期细胞比例增加,S和G₂/M期的细胞比例降低(P<0.05)。5μM BIX-01294处理细胞96h后能明显增加CC3、Bax、C-PARP表达水平,并降低Bcl-2的表达水平(P<0.05),与空白对照组相比,BIX-01294处理组裸鼠肿瘤体积减小,重量较低,且肿瘤组织内H3K9me2的表达水平下降(P<0.05)。结论:BIX-01294导致SMMC-7721、BEL-7402细胞发生周期阻滞和凋亡,且对肿瘤的生长具有明显的抑制作用,其可能是通过抑制G9a的表达从而降低H3K9me2的表达来抑制肿瘤的生长。     

罗格列酮对裸鼠移植性人肝癌细胞生长的抑制作用

目的:研究罗格列酮(rosiiglitazone,ROZ)对裸鼠体内人肝癌SMMC7721细胞增殖的影响.方法:建立人肝癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,实验动物分为罗格列酮治疗组及对照组.观察罗格列酮对移植瘤体积和重量的变化,采用光镜观察移植瘤细胞形态学变化,流式细胞术检测移植瘤细胞周期分布,免疫组织化学和蛋白印迹检测瘤组织内增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cellnuclear antigen,PCNA)蛋白表达变化.结果:罗格列酮在体内能明显抑制移植瘤的生长,抑瘤率为50.81%;组织学显示治疗组瘤细胞异型性降低,核质比下降;流式细胞术分析显示,对照组移植瘤细胞处于G2/M期细胞为13.1%,与对照组比较,治疗组处于G2/M期细胞显著增多(29.1%).免疫组织化学和蛋白印迹检测均显示检测显示,经罗格列酮处理后,裸鼠移植瘤组织PCNA蛋白表达明显下调(P＜0.05).结论:罗格列酮可体内抑制人肝癌SMMC7721细胞增殖,并使癌细胞阻滞于G2/M期.     

壳寡糖对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721中Bcl-2和Caspase-3表达的影响

目的检测壳寡糖对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的抑制效果及对凋亡调控蛋白Bcl-2和Caspase-3的影响。方法采用噻唑蓝（MTT）法检测不同浓度壳寡糖对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721细胞增殖的抑制作用,并利用荧光Hoechst33258染色法检测细胞凋亡状况。最后通过免疫细胞化学方法研究壳寡糖对肝癌细胞SMMC-7721中Bcl-2和Caspase-3表达的影响。结果壳寡糖能够抑制SMMC-7721细胞增殖,并且促进SMMC-7721细胞的凋亡,并且壳寡糖能够上调促凋亡蛋白Caspase-3的表达和降低抑制凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达。结论壳寡糖对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的增殖有抑制作用,此作用可能是通过促进Caspase-3的表达和抑制Bcl-2的表达来实现的。     

SCP诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡与bcl-2基因表达的关系

目的探讨鲨鱼软骨制剂(SCP)诱导人肝癌细胞系(SMMC7721)凋亡的作用机制.方法以不同浓度SCP加入体外培养的SMMC7721细胞中,用MTT比色法检测细胞存活率;Hoechst33342/PI荧光染色,荧光显微镜分析凋亡细胞百分率;流式细胞术进行细胞凋亡定量;琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA梯状条带;免疫细胞化学染色法检测Bcl-2蛋白的表达.结果 SCP明显抑制SMMC7721细胞生长,IC50值为1.25mg/ml;荧光显微镜下可见50%以上细胞为凋亡细胞的形态学改变;琼脂糖凝胶电泳呈现梯状条带(DNA ladder);免疫细胞化学检测显示SCP诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡过程中Bcl-2表达明显降低.结论 SCP诱导SMMC7721细胞凋亡,可能与下调Bcl-2表达有关.     

连香树精油对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞抗肿瘤机制的研究

为探讨连香树精油的体外抗肿瘤活性。以人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞为受试细胞株,利用MTT法、流式细胞术、JC-1法和Western blot法评价连香树精油的体外抗肿瘤活性。结果表明:连香树精油处理24 h后可降低SMMC-7721细胞存活率;细胞中G0/G1期的比例下降,G2/M期的比例升高;细胞线粒体膜电位降低;自噬相关蛋白LC3-Ⅱ、Beclin-1表达上升,加入自噬抑制剂氯喹后LC3-Ⅱ蛋白与Bcl-2抗凋亡蛋白表达下降。综上说明连香树精油能抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖活性,通过阻滞G2/M期抑制细胞分裂,通过降低线粒体膜电位诱导SMMC-7721细胞凋亡,而自噬在SMMC-7721细胞凋亡过程中作为一种保护机制而存在。     

人IL-17F对裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤生长的影响

利用RT-PCR方法从PHA活化的人外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中克隆hIL-17F基因,亚克隆至逆转录病毒载体pSIV-1,与辅助病毒载体pHIT456和pHIT60脂质体法共转染293T包装细胞,获得的成熟重组逆转录病毒(RV-hIL-17F)再感染SMMC-7721人肝癌细胞,并经G418筛选建立hIL-17F转基因肝癌细胞。PCR、RT-PCR和Westernblot结果表明hIL-17F基因在肝癌细胞中能成功整合、转录和表达。MTT和FCM结果表明hIL-17F不能改变SMMC-7721肝癌细胞的增殖活力和细胞周期,但ELISA结果表明其能明显下调肝癌细胞IL-6、IL-8和VEGF的表达。转基因肝癌细胞rhIL-17F表达上清具有抑制ECV304人脐静脉内皮细胞生长的作用。裸鼠皮下成瘤试验结果表明hIL-17F转基因肝癌细胞裸鼠致瘤能力明显减弱,VEGF和CD34表达降低,血管形成显著减少。hIL-17F可通过减少肿瘤血管形成显著抑制裸鼠人肝癌移植瘤的生长,为其进一步开展肿瘤血管靶向基因治疗和开发抗血管新药提供了一定的实验依据。     

Enhanced radioimmunotherapeutic efficacy of a monoclonal antibody cocktail against SMMC—7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma

The improved tumoricidal effect of the radioantibody mixture (“cocktail”)has been reported recently for the treatment of colon tumor.In the present study,we demonstrated the enhanced radioimmunotherapeutic efficacy of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) cocktail against human hepatocellular carcinoma.Therapeutic efficacy was determined by measuring the change in tumor size over a period,determining the percentage of growth inhibition of each treatment at various times after radioantibody therapy.Radioimmunotherapy of SMMC-7721 human hepatoma xenografts in athymic unde mice with combination of ^131Ilabeled Hepama-1 and ^131 I-labeled 9403 mouse MAbs was more effective than using either Hepeam-1 or 9403 MAb alone The MAb cocktail could target a greater number of hepatoma cells and increase the magnitude of hepatoma cell uptake of radioantibodies.The in vitro results explain the enhanced effect of the MAb cocktail in in vivo model system.     

Gambogic acid induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells by targeting cytosolic thioredoxin reductase

The thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isoenzymes, TrxR1 in cytosol or nucleus and TrxR2 in mitochondria, are essential mammalian selenocysteine (Sec)-containing flavoenzymes with a unique C-terminal -Gly-Cys-Sec-Gly active site. TrxRs are often overexpressed in a number of human tumors, and the reduction of their expression in malignant cells reverses tumor growth, making the enzymes attractive targets for anticancer drug development. Gambogic acid (GA), a natural product that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, demonstrates potent anticancer activity in numerous types of human cancer cells and has entered phase II clinical trials. We discovered that GA may interact with TrxR1 to elicit oxidative stress and eventually induce apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells. GA primarily targets the Sec residue in the antioxidant enzyme TrxR1 to inhibit its Trx-reduction activity, leading to accumulation of reactive oxygen species and collapse of the intracellular redox balance. Importantly, overexpression of functional TrxR1 in cells attenuates the cytotoxicity of GA, whereas knockdown of TrxR1 sensitizes cells to GA. Targeting of TrxR1 by GA thus discloses a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying the biological action of GA and provides useful information for further development of GA as a potential agent in the treatment of cancer.     

枸杞多糖抑制SMMC-7721肝癌细胞的VEGF表达、迁移与侵袭

目的研究枸杞多糖(lycium barbarum polysaccharide,LBP)对SMMC-7721肝癌细胞迁移、侵袭影响的机制。方法运用MTT法检肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的增殖率,Transwell检测细胞的迁移力和侵袭力,应用血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)小分子干扰RNA沉默VEGF表达,转染pcDNA 3.1-VEGF过表达VEGF,Western blot和qRT-PCR检测VEGF、MMP-2和MMP-9表达。结果 LBP(100、200、400μg/ml)处理可抑制SMMC-7721细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,并抑制MMP-2、MMP-9和VEGF表达;沉默VEGF可降低SMMC-7721细胞迁移、侵袭相关蛋白MMP-2和MMP-9水平,过表达VEGF可逆转LBP对SMMC-7721细胞迁移和侵袭相关蛋白MMP-2和MMP-9水平的抑制作用。结论枸杞多糖可抑制肝癌细胞的迁移和侵袭,其机制可能与直接抑制VEGF有关。     

HBx protein induces EMT through c-Src activation in SMMC-7721 hepatoma cell line

The relationships between epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx), and the non-receptor tyrosine kinase c-Src were investigated. The HBx gene transfected SMMC-7721 cells underwent morphological changes from a classic epithelial morphology to a spindle-like shape. The HBx transfection increased the invasive potential of these cells. When the transfected cells were exposed to the c-Src kinase inhibitor PP2, the cells recovered their original epithelial morphology and the mRNA and protein expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers returned to the parental cell levels. Our data suggest that activated c-Src played a critical role in the HBx-induced EMT of SMMC-7721 cells.     

FOXQ1在肝癌中的临床意义及其对SMMC-7721细胞体外血管形成的影响

探讨叉头框蛋白Q1(forkhead box Q1, FOXQ1)基因在肝癌中的临床意义及对肝癌细胞体外血管生成作用.利用 qRT-PCR法及Western印迹法,检测24例肝癌、癌旁组织、正常肝细胞L02及肝癌细胞SMMC-7721中FOXQ1的mRNA和蛋白质的表达;利用免疫组织化学法检测68例肝癌及癌旁组织中FOXQ1的蛋白质表达.合成shRNA-FOXQ1及shRNA-NC慢病毒,转染到SMMC-7721细胞.用体外血管生成实验检测转染shRNA-FOXQ1的肝癌细胞血管生成能力. 用qRT-PCR和Western印迹法检测细胞间FOXQ1、VEGF基因和蛋白质的表达.结果显示,癌组织和SMMC-7721细胞中FOXQ1 mRNA和蛋白质的表达均高于癌旁组织和正常肝细胞(P<0.05),FOXQ1蛋白的表达与TNM分期、肿瘤分化程度、肿瘤数目、肿瘤大小等参数差异显著(P<0.05).shRNA-FOXQ1组血管生成能力明显低于shRNA-NC组和空白组(P<0.05),FOXQ1、VEGF基因和蛋白质的表达也明显低于shRNA-NC组和空白组(P<0.05).研究结果证实,FOXQ1在肝癌中高表达,如果沉默FOXQ1的表达可抑制肝癌细胞血管生成,与肝癌的临床病理特征密切相关.     

Differential regulation of the expression of aquaporins 3 and 9 by Auphen and dbcAMP in the SMMC-7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line

Aquaglycero-aquaporins (agAQPs) are the structural foundation of rapid water transport and they appear to participate in cancer proliferation and malignancy. AQP3 expression is increased and AQP9 expression is decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared to normal liver, which suggests their possible use as targets for cancer treatment. AQP-based modifiers, such as Auphen and dibutyryladenosine 3′, 5′-cyclic monophosphate (dbcAMP), might be used to treat several diseases and as chemical tools for assessing the functions of AQPs in biological systems. We investigated the effects of both Auphen on AQP3 and dbcAMP on AQP9 in SMMC-7721 cells. We used western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry to evaluate changes in AQP3 and AQP9 expression in SMMC-7721 cells after culturing with Auphen and dbcAMP, respectively. We also determined the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells. We found that compared to HL-7702 (L02) liver cells, Auphen increased AQP3 expression in tumor cells, whereas dbcAMP decreased expression of AQP9 in these cells. Also, high concentrations of Auphen and dbcAMP inhibited proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Auphen and dbcAMP may inhibit HCC development and could be considered targets for HCC diagnosis and therapy.     

MNT inhibits the migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC7721 cells

Muscarinic toxins (MTs) are snake venom peptides found to selectively target specific subtypes of G-protein-coupled receptors. In here, we have attached a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) tail to three different toxin molecules and evaluated their receptor-blocking effects in a heterologous expression system. MT7-GPI remained anchored to the cell surface and selectively inhibited M(1) muscarinic receptor signaling expressed in the same cell. To further demonstrate the utility of the GPI tail, we generated MT3- and MTα-like gene sequences and fused these to the signal sequence for GPI attachment. Functional assessment of these membrane-anchored toxins on coexpressed target receptors indicated a prominent antagonistic effect. In ligand binding experiments the GPI-anchored toxins were found to exhibit similar selection profiles among receptor subtypes as the soluble toxins. The results indicate that GPI attachment of MTs and related receptor toxins could be used to assess the role of receptor subtypes in specific organs or even cells in vivo by transgenic approaches.     

Increase in beta1-6 GlcNAc branching caused by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V directs integrin beta1 stability in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721

In this study, an enzymatic inactive mutant of GnT-V (delta cGnT-V) was constructed and transfected in SMMC 7721 cell line. Integrin beta1 in delta cGnT-V transfectants (delta c-7721) showed attenuation of the number of beta1-6 GlcNAc branching, whereas those in wtGnT-V transfectants (wt-7721) presented a beta1-6 GlcNAc-rich pattern. High integrin beta1 expression was observed in wt-7721 compared with mock cells (7721 cell transfected with the vector pcDNA3), while transfection of delta cGnT-V decreased the integrin beta1 expression, despite of no significant changes on integrin beta1 mRNA level in these cell lines. Pulse-chase experiment showed that Integrin beta1 in delta c-7721 was prone to quick degradation and its half-life was less than 3 h, on the contrary, the alleviating degradation of beta1 subunit was observed in wt-7721 where the beta1 subunit half-life was about 16 h, meanwhile, the degradation rate of beta1 subunit in mock cells was in between, about 10 h. More effective in promoting cell migration toward fibronectin and invasion through Matrigel was observed in wt-7721 while this was almost suppressed in delta c-7721. Our results suggest that the addition of beta1-6 GlcNAc branching caused more fully glycosylated mature form on integrin beta1 and inhibited beta1 protein degradation. Glycosylation caused by GnT-V directs integrin beta1 stability and more delivery to plasma membrane, subsequently promotes Fn-based cell migration and invasion.