贡嘎山峨眉冷杉树干呼吸空间特征及其对温度的响应

采用红外线气体分析仪-土壤呼吸气室水平测定法(HOSC)原位监测了贡嘎山东坡峨眉冷杉(Abies fabri)树干CO_2释放速率(E_s),分析了树干E_s与树干温度(T_(stem))的关系。贡嘎山峨眉冷杉树干E_s和T_(stem)空间变化格局明显,不同测定高度树干温度为0.3m1.3m2.3m,以1.3m处E_s最大;不同方向E_s和T_(stem)均表现为南面北面。生长季和非生长季的峨眉冷杉E_s分别在0.51—0.99μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)和0.14—0.22μmol m~(-2)s~(-1)之间波动。峨眉冷杉树E_s变化趋势和T_(stem)一致,二者具有显著的指数函数关系(P0.01)。峨眉冷杉非生长季树干呼吸Q_(10)显著高于生长季(P0.01),其中生长季变幅在1.9—3.0之间,非生长季在4.6—6.8之间,暗示个体或群落水平树干CO_2释放通量的估算应充分考虑树干E_s空间特征和Q_(10)变化。     

北京典型树种木质组织碳释放速率温度敏感性的时间变化规律和铅锤分异特征

采用红外气体分析法(IRGA)于2014年1—12月原位测定了北京市4个典型树种(国槐Sophora japonica,旱柳Salix matsudana,华北落叶松Larix principis-rupprechtii和侧柏Platycladus orientalis)在不同高度上的木质组织CO_2通量速率(E_(CO_2)),旨在比较不同树种间E_(CO_2)及其温度敏感性(Q_(10))的时间变化规律和铅锤分异特征。研究结果显示:(1)4个树种的E_(CO_2)均表现为单峰型季节变化规律,生长月份内的E_(CO_2)显著高于非生长月份,温度和枝干的径向生长是影响E_(CO_2)季节变化的主要因素;(2)E_(CO_2)对温度的敏感性在夏季月份明显降低,且出现明显的垂直分异:Q_(10)随测量高度的增加而增加,呈现出非连续的阶梯分布;(3)在日间尺度上,阔叶树种E_(CO_2)对温度的感性系数Q_(10)出现昼夜不对称现象,晚上Q_(10)明显升高。准确量化E_(CO_2)的时间变化规律和铅锤分异特征,细化不同时间尺度下E_(CO_2)对温度的响应特征,成为准确估算木质组织碳排放的前提条件。     

川西北高寒草甸不同放牧模式对土壤呼吸的影响

采用土壤二氧化碳(CO_2)通量自动测量系统,对不同放牧模式(全年禁牧、夏季放牧、冬季放牧和自由放牧)下川西北高寒草甸的土壤呼吸进行监测,比较了不同放牧模式下土壤呼吸的季节动态和温度敏感性。研究发现:1)放牧模式可以改变高寒草甸土壤呼吸的季节动态变化。禁牧、夏季放牧以及自由放牧样地的土壤呼吸在季节上的变化趋势基本相似,而冬季放牧样地的土壤呼吸最大值与前者相比明显向后推迟;2)放牧模式并不改变高寒草甸年平均土壤呼吸速率,但对不同季节土壤呼吸速率的影响不同;3)不同放牧模式可以改变土壤呼吸对温度的敏感性(Q_(10))。不同放牧模式下土壤呼吸Q_(10)值大小依次为:禁牧1a(8.13)冬季放牧(7.49)禁牧3a(5.46)夏季放牧(5.20)自由放牧(4.53)。该地区土壤呼吸的Q_(10)值均明显高于热带和其它温带草地土壤呼吸的Q_(10)值。结果表明,放牧模式是影响高寒草甸土壤碳排放的一个重要因素。此外,在未来全球气候变暖背景下,在生长季节无放牧干扰的高寒草甸可能比放牧干扰的高寒草甸释放出更多的CO_2到大气中。     

中度火干扰对兴安落叶松林土壤呼吸的影响

通过测定中度火干扰后塔河地区兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)林生长季土壤呼吸(R_s),并进一步探究火干扰后影响土壤呼吸变化的主要环境因子。选择在塔河林业局火烧4年后兴安落叶松林中度火烧迹地设置样地,选择临近未过火区域设置对照样地。土壤呼吸通量用LI-8100进行测量,土壤异养呼吸(R_h)采用壕沟法进行测量。火烧迹地与未火烧对照样地生长季土壤呼吸速率平均值分别为(3.67±1.03)μmol CO_2m~(-2)s~(-1),(4.21±1.25)μmol CO_2m~(-2)s~(-1)。火烧迹地土壤呼吸速率显著降低(P0.05)。生长季土壤呼吸组分的动态变化表明,土壤呼吸速率的降低是因为土壤自养呼吸(R_a)显著降低导致的(P0.05)。温度是控制这一地区生长季土壤呼吸变化的主要环境因子。与对照样地相比,火烧迹地土壤呼吸的变化与土壤温度具有更强的相关性。塔河地区兴安落叶松林火烧迹地和未火烧对照样地Q_(10)分别为5.85±1.06,4.25±1.19,火干扰后Q_(10)显著增加(P0.05)。研究结果表明:在全球气候变化的背景下火干扰后中国塔河地区兴安落叶松林生态系统对温度的变化更为敏感。本研究结果将为研究中国塔河地区火干扰后碳循环变化提供数据支持。     

温带4种针叶树种春、秋季节树干维持呼吸的日动态

揭示树干维持呼吸(RM)的时间变化特征及其调控因子有助于理解树木碳代谢过程及其对环境变化的响应和构建森林碳循环机理模型。采用红外气体分析法原位测定东北东部山区4个针叶树种(红松、红皮云杉、樟子松和兴安落叶松)的春、秋季节RM日动态及其影响因子。结果表明:秋季和春季4个树种RM日变化多随树干温度(TW)而变化,但RM峰值大小和出现时间以及日变化幅度因树种和季节而异。TW解释了RM(除春季樟子松外)变异性的50%以上,但RM对TW响应滞后1.5 h(春季樟子松为3 h)。将RM标准化到TW为10℃(R10)时发现,秋季R10波动在0.54μmol CO2m-2s-1(兴安落叶松)—0.78μmol CO2m-2s-1(红皮云杉)之间,而春季R10则波动在0.87μmol CO2m-2s-1(红松)—1.10μmol CO2m-2s-1(樟子松)之间,前者平均低于后者约40%。然而,各树种秋季和春季RM的Q10值差异不显著(P0.05),波动在1.52(樟子松)—1.82(红皮云杉)之间。秋季和春季所有树种的R10与树木胸径(DBH)之间均呈显著的正相关关系(P0.05),而Q10与DBH则多呈负相关关系(P0.05),表明DBH可作为估测这些针叶树种RM的参数之一。     

遮光对杉木幼苗树干表面CO2通量的影响

树干表面CO_2通量是森林生态系统碳收支的重要组成部分,对全球碳平衡产生重要影响。近年来,全球变化导致植物光合产物供应发生改变,这将影响树干表面CO_2通量。然而,关于光合产物供应如何影响树干表面CO_2通量的机理仍不清楚。以盆栽杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)幼苗为研究对象,采用遮光方法减少光合产物供应,通过自制呼吸气室,使用Li-8100测定树干表面CO_2通量,并结合树干可溶性糖、淀粉和非结构性碳及树干温度等数据分析遮光对树干表面CO_2通量的影响。结果表明:遮光后树干可溶性糖、淀粉和非结构性碳含量分别显著下降了55.0%、78.9%和64.3%。遮光处理阶段树干表面CO_2通量平均下降39.9%,且下降幅度随着遮光时间的延长而增加;此外,遮光降低了树干表面CO_2通量的温度敏感性。恢复光照后,树干表面CO_2通量、树干可溶性糖、淀粉和非结构性碳含量以及树干温度均恢复至对照水平。可见,光合产物供应变化对树干表面CO_2通量具有调控作用,而且能够通过调控树干表面CO_2通量对温度变化的响应对全球碳循环产生重要影响。     

帽儿山不同年龄森林土壤呼吸速率的影响因子

为探明东北温带森林恢复过程中土壤呼吸(R_S)的变化趋势及其影响因子,在帽儿山选取皆伐后天然更新恢复的4个年龄(1a、10a、25a和56a)林分进行了1年的野外原位测定。结果表明:(1)皆伐后天然更新恢复1年、10年、25年和56年林分的年R_S通量差异显著(P0.05),分别为686.5、639.7、733.3、762.3g C m~(-2)a~(-1);其中生长季(5月─10月)和非生长季的R_S通量也存在显著差异,均呈现出随林龄增加先减后增的趋势。全年、生长季和非生长季R_S随林龄变化的变异系数分别为7.6%、6.3%和21.1%,表明非生长季R_S通量的变异性加大了全年R_S通量的差异。(2)4个年龄林分的Rs季节变化趋势相似,且其主控因子均随季节而变:6月─8月Rs与土壤含水率呈二次函数关系(R~2波动在56%─79%之间),其余时段则与土壤温度呈指数函数关系(R~2波动在85%─93%之间)。(3)不同年龄林分生长季R_S与0─20cm土层有机碳(SOC)密度呈正相关关系(R~2=0.434,P0.05),而非生长季R_S与同期土壤5cm温度呈正相关关系(R~2=0.959,P0.01)。本研究区森林皆伐导致R_S降低,随皆伐后森林恢复R_S不断增加,其主导驱动因子是SOC密度的增加和非生长季土壤温度的变化。     

北京市四环路及路旁绿地CO2变化特征及来源分析

城市大气中CO_2的变化特征及来源解析是制定节能减排措施的重要依据,对比非采暖季与采暖季北京市四环路(阜通东大街-京密路)路旁及距离道路100 m绿地中不同高度大气中CO_2浓度,并利用Keeling plot方程结合Iso Source软件进行分析,以期获得不同季节CO_2变化特征及定量估算其来源。结果表明,不同来源的CO_2中具有差异显著的δ~(13)C值,其中:土壤呼吸(-18.92‰)植物呼吸(-23.40‰)燃煤废气(-24.10‰)机动车尾气(-28.14‰)天然气废气(-33.34‰)。路旁和绿地的大气CO_2浓度在采暖季中分别比非采暖季中高26.2%和41.2%,路旁与绿地的大气CO_2浓度在非采暖季中差异显著而采暖季中无明显差异。在非采暖季中,CO_2浓度在6:00和20:00时较高,路旁大气CO_2随高度升高而降低,绿地大气CO_2浓度在8 m处最高,日变化明显。在采暖季中,CO_2浓度与车流量有相似的日变化趋势,在8:00和19:00时较高,路旁和绿地处大气CO_2浓度都随高度的升高而降低。路旁和绿地的大气CO_2来源差别明显,非采暖季中路旁大气CO_2主要来自于机动车尾气而绿地中大气CO_2主要来自于土壤和植物呼吸,在采暖季中路旁及绿地中大气CO_2的来源差别较小,主要来自于燃煤废气和机动车尾气。     

极端干旱区增雨对泡泡刺(Nitraria sphaerocarpa)群落土壤呼吸温度敏感性的影响

在极端干旱区(敦煌)以泡泡刺群落为研究对象,测定了生长季内增雨对泡泡刺群落灌丛和裸地土壤呼吸温度敏感性(Q_(10))的影响。结果表明:增雨明显增加了裸地的Q_(10),但未能显著改变灌丛的Q_(10)与对照相比,增雨16 mm使裸地Q_(10)显著增加28%,达1.83±0.30;在整个生长季,裸地和灌丛的Q_(10)季节波动与土壤含水量的变化存在极显著相关关系,且裸地的Q_(10)对土壤水分的敏感性(1.94)高于灌丛(1.57)。     

降雨量改变对常绿阔叶林干旱和湿润季节土壤呼吸的影响

通过野外原位试验,研究降雨量改变对华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林干旱和湿润季节土壤呼吸速率的影响。采用LI-8100土壤碳通量分析系统(LI-COR Inc.,USA)测定干旱和湿润季节对照(CK)、增雨10%(LA)、增雨5%(TA)、减雨10%(LR)、减雨20%(MR)、减雨50%(HR)6个处理水平的土壤呼吸速率,并通过回归方程分析温度和湿度与土壤呼吸速率间的关系。结果表明:湿润季节土壤呼吸速率高于干旱季节,HR处理对干旱季节土壤呼吸速率影响较大,而LA处理对湿润季节土壤呼吸速率的影响较大。TA和LR处理使土壤呼吸的温度敏感性增加,而HR、LA和MR处理使土壤呼吸的温度敏感性降低,干旱季节Q10值高于湿润季节。各处理湿润季节土壤微生物量碳氮含量显著高于干旱季节,HR、MR和LA处理减少土壤微生物生物量碳、氮的含量,而TA和LR处理增加土壤微生物生物量碳、氮的含量。与湿润季节相比,干旱季节土壤水分对土壤呼吸速率的影响较大;而与土壤温度相比,土壤水分对土壤呼吸速率的影响较小。在降雨量改变的背景下,华西雨屏区常绿阔叶林无论是干旱还是湿润季节,适当增雨和减雨都会促进土壤呼吸速率,而较高量的增雨和减雨会抑制土壤呼吸速率。     

Long-Term Effects of Elevated CO2 on Woody Tissues Respiration of Norway Spruce Studied in Open-Top Chambers

In an open-top chamber experiment located in a mountain stand of 14-years-old Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.), trees were continuously exposed to either ambient CO₂ concentration (A), or ambient + 350 µmol mol^–1 (E) over four growing seasons. Respiration rates of different woody parts (stem, branches, coarse roots) were measured during the last growing season. The calculated increase in the respiration rate related to a 10 °C temperature change (Q₁₀) was different in stem compared to branches and roots. Differences between the E and A variants were statistically significant only for roots in the autumn. Stem maintenance respiration (R_Ms) measured in April and November (periods of no growth activity) were not different. The stem respiration values (R_s) were recalculated to a standard temperature of 15 °C to estimate the seasonal course. The obtained R_s differed significantly between used variants during July and August. At the end of the season, R_s in E decreased slower than in A, indicating some prolongation of the physiological activity under the elevated CO₂ concentration. The total stem respiration carbon losses for the investigated growing season (May – September) were higher for A (2.32 kg(C) m^–2 season^–1) compared to E (2.12 kg(C) m^–2 season^–1). The respiration rates of the whorl branches (R_b) were lower compared with the stem respiration but not significantly different between the used variants. The root respiration rate was increased in E variant.     

Respiration rates of stems at different heights and their sensitivity to temperature in two broad-leaved trees in Beijing

该研究采用红外气体分析法(IRGA)于2013年3–12月原位测定了北京市东升八家郊野公园中2个主要阔叶树种(槐(Sophora japonica)、旱柳(Salix matsudana))3个高度上的枝干呼吸(Rw)日进程,旨在量化Rw的种间差异,探索种内Rw及其温度敏感系数(Q10)的时间动态和垂直分布格局。研究结果显示:(1)Rw在不同树种之间差异明显,相同月份(4月份除外)槐Rw是旱柳的1.12(7月)–1.79倍(5月)。两树种枝干表面CO2通量速率均表现出明显的单峰型季节变化,峰值分别出现在7月((5.13±0.24)μmol·m–2·s–1)和8月((3.85±0.17)μmol·m–2·s–1)。同一树种在生长月份内的平均呼吸水平显著高于非生长季,但其Q10值季节变化趋势与之相反。(2)RW随测量高度的增加而升高,并在3个高度上表现出不同的日变化规律:其中,树干基部及胸高位置为单峰格局,而一级分枝处的呼吸速率在一天内存在两个峰值,中间出现短暂的"午休"现象。温度是造成一天内呼吸变化的主要原因。此外,顶部Rw及其对温度的敏感程度明显高于基部。温度本身和Q10值差异可在一定程度上解释RW的垂直梯度变化。(3)在生长月份,单位体积木质组织的日累积呼吸速率(mmol·m–3·d–1)与受测部位直径倒数(D–1)呈极显著正相关关系。单位面积(μmol·m–2·s–1)可准确表达两树种在生长期间的RW水平,能合理有效地比较不同个体的呼吸差异及同一个体的时空变异。这些结果表明,采用局部通量法上推至树木整体呼吸时,应全面考虑Rw的时、空变异规律,并选择恰当的表达单位,以减小估测误差。     

The trade-off between growth rate and yield in microbial communities and the consequences for under-snow soil respiration in a high elevation coniferous forest

Soil microbial respiration is a critical component of the global carbon cycle, but it is uncertain how properties of microbes affect this process. Previous studies have noted a thermodynamic trade-off between the rate and efficiency of growth in heterotrophic organisms. Growth rate and yield determine the biomass-specific respiration rate of growing microbial populations, but these traits have not previously been used to scale from microbial communities to ecosystems. Here we report seasonal variation in microbial growth kinetics and temperature responses (Q₁₀) in a coniferous forest soil, relate these properties to cultured and uncultured soil microbes, and model the effects of shifting growth kinetics on soil heterotrophic respiration (R_h). Soil microbial communities from under-snow had higher growth rates and lower growth yields than the summer and fall communities from exposed soils, causing higher biomass-specific respiration rates. Growth rate and yield were strongly negatively correlated. Based on experiments using specific growth inhibitors, bacteria had higher growth rates and lower yields than fungi, overall, suggesting a more important role for bacteria in determining R_h. The dominant bacteria from laboratory-incubated soil differed seasonally: faster-growing, cold-adapted Janthinobacterium species dominated in winter and slower-growing, mesophilic Burkholderia and Variovorax species dominated in summer. Modeled R_h was sensitive to microbial kinetics and Q₁₀: a sixfold lower annual R_h resulted from using kinetic parameters from summer versus winter communities. Under the most realistic scenario using seasonally changing communities, the model estimated R_h at 22.67 mol m⁻² year⁻¹, or 47.0% of annual total ecosystem respiration (R_e) for this forest.     

Ecosystem respiration depends strongly on photosynthesis in a temperate heath

We measured net ecosystem CO₂ flux (F _n) and ecosystem respiration (R _E), and estimated gross ecosystem photosynthesis (P _g) by difference, for two years in a temperate heath ecosystem using a chamber method. The exchange rates of carbon were high and of similar magnitude as for productive forest ecosystems with a net ecosystem carbon gain during the second year of 293 ± 11 g C m⁻² year⁻¹ showing that the carbon sink strength of heather-dominated ecosystems may be considerable when C. vulgaris is in the building phase of its life cycle. The estimated gross ecosystem photosynthesis and ecosystem respiration from October to March was 22% and 30% of annual flux, respectively, suggesting that both cold-season carbon gain and loss were important in the annual carbon cycle of the ecosystem. Model fit of R _E of a classic, first-order exponential equation related to temperature (second year; R ² = 0.65) was improved when the P _g rate was incorporated into the model (second year; R ² = 0.79), suggesting that daytime R _E increased with increasing photosynthesis. Furthermore, the temperature sensitivity of R _E decreased from apparent Q ₁₀ values of 3.3 to 3.9 by the classic equation to a more realistic Q ₁₀ of 2.5 by the modified model. The model introduces R _photo, which describes the part of respiration being tightly coupled to the photosynthetic rate. It makes up 5% of the assimilated carbon dioxide flux at 0°C and 35% at 20°C implying a high sensitivity of respiration to photosynthesis during summer. The simple model provides an easily applied, non-intrusive tool for investigating seasonal trends in the relationship between ecosystem carbon sequestration and respiration.     

CO2 efflux under different grazing managements on subalpine meadows of Shangri-La, Northwest Yunnan Province, China

Soil carbon stored on the Tibetan Plateau appears to be stable under current temperature, but it may be sensitive to global warming. In addition, different grazing systems may alter carbon emission from subalpine meadow ecosystems in this region. Using a chamber-closed dynamic technique, we measured ecosystem respiration (ER) and soil respiration (SR) rates with an infrared gas analyzer on a perennial grazing meadow (PM) and a seasonal grazing meadow (SM) of Shangri-La in the Hengduan Mountain area. Both PM and SM showed strong unimodal seasonal variations, with the highest rates in July and the lowest in January. Significant diurnal variations in respiration were also observed on PM, affected mainly by air and soil temperatures, with the highest rates at 14:00 and the lowest before dawn. Both ER and SR rates were higher on PM than on SM from June to October, suggesting that the higher grazing pressure on PM increased respiration rates on subalpine meadows. The exponential model F = ae^{bT<,/sup> of soil temperature (T) explained the variation in respiration better than the model of soil moisture (W) (R2 = 0.50–0.78, P < 0.0001), while the multiple model F = aebT<,/sup>Wc gave better simulations than did single-factor models (R2 = 0.56–0.89, P < 0.0001). Soil respiration was the major component of ER, accounting for 63.0%–92.7% and 47.5%–96.4% of ER on PM and SM, respectively. Aboveground plant respiration varied with grass growth. During the peak growing season, total ecosystem respiration may be dominated by this above-ground component. Long-term (annual) Q₁₀ values were about twice as large as short-term (one day) Q₁₀. Q₁₀ at different time scales may be controlled by different ecological processes. The SM had a lower long-term Q₁₀ than did the PM, suggesting that under increased temperature, soil carbon may be more stable with reduced grazing pressure.}     

间伐和改变凋落物输入对华北落叶松人工林土壤呼吸的影响

作为森林生态系统的第二大碳通量,土壤呼吸在全球碳循环和气候变化中发挥着重要作用。通过探究土壤呼吸对间伐和改变凋落物的响应规律以及响应之间的联系,能够为准确评价森林碳循环提供依据。针对不同强度(对照、轻度、中度、重度)间伐后的华北落叶松人工林,2016年5月至10月采用LI-8100土壤碳通量测量系统对其原状、凋落物去除、凋落物加倍的土壤呼吸进行观测。结果表明:土壤呼吸在生长季的8月份达到最高值,呈现出明显的季节动态。不同林分间伐处理下,中度间伐显著促进了土壤呼吸,使平均土壤呼吸速率升高了15.66%,轻度间伐和重度间伐对土壤呼吸的影响不显著;不同凋落物处理下,去除凋落物使平均土壤呼吸速率降低了40.16%,加倍凋落物使平均土壤呼吸速率升高了16.06%。中度间伐使土壤呼吸生长季通量增加了55.06 g C/m~2;去除凋落物使土壤呼吸生长季通量减少了153.48 g C/m~2,加倍凋落物使土壤呼吸生长季通量增加了79.87 g C/m~2。土壤呼吸速率与土壤温度呈显著指数相关,而与土壤湿度无显著相关。不同林分间伐处理下,土壤呼吸的温度敏感性指数(Q10)为2.36—3.46,轻度间伐下Q10值最高;凋落物去除和加倍均降低了土壤呼吸的温度敏感性。土壤温湿度对土壤呼吸存在着显著影响,能够解释土壤呼吸28.7%—62.3%的季节变化。研究结果表明间伐和凋落物处理对华北落叶松人工林土壤CO_2释放的影响表现出一定的交互作用,中度间伐和加倍凋落物的交互作用对土壤呼吸的促进作用显著大于单一因子。可见,间伐作业通过改变土壤微环境和凋落物量,对土壤呼吸以及森林生态系统碳循环产生着重要影响。     

Studies on the life history of the population of an evergreen herb,Pyrola japonica,on the forest floor in a warm temperate region

Photosynthetic and respiratory activities and gross production in relation to temperature conditions were investigated in the population of an evergreen herb,Pyrola japonica, growing on the floor of a deciduous forest in the warm temperate region of central Japan. Analysis of the temperature-photosynthesis relationship ofP. japonica leaves during the growing season indicated distinct seasonal changes in the temperature optimum for photosynthesis. This population was found to be acclimatable to ambient air temperatures exceeding 15C, but this acclimation became less pronounced under thermal conditions below 15 C. This plant possessed narrow photosynthetic optima in the warm season but wide optima in the cold season. The shape of the temperature-respiration curve did not vary significantly with the months except for April. The Q₁₀ for respiration between 10 C and 20 C was calculated to be 1.93–2.65. Annual dry matter loss associated with respiration was estimated to amount to 159.1 g d.w.m⁻² based on the measurements of the seasonal changes in the respiratory activity of each organ. Gross production of this population was estimated to be 219.3 g d.w.m⁻² year⁻¹ as the sum total of the net production (60.2 g d.w.m⁻²year⁻¹) and the respiration. Monthly gross production was high in the early growing season, and low and stable in winter.     

太湖流域典型稻麦轮作农田生态系统碳交换及影响因素

利用涡度相关技术观测太湖流域典型稻麦轮作农田生态系统2a净生态系统碳交换(NEE)变化过程,分析其碳交换特征及影响机理,结果表明:太湖流域典型稻麦轮作农田年NEE为-749.49—-785.38 g C m-2a-1,考虑作物籽粒碳和秸秆还田后净吸收88.12 g C m-2a-1,为弱碳汇;稻/麦季日均NEE和白天NEE季节变化直接受作物植被生长影响;麦季夜间NEE与10 cm土壤温度呈显著指数关系,2012/2013年温度敏感系数(Q10)分别为3.03和2.67;当土壤水分低于田间持水量时,麦季夜间NEE主要受土壤温度影响,反之,夜间NEE受土壤温度和水分双重影响;降水对麦季夜间NEE有短时的激发效应;稻季淹水对土壤呼吸产生较明显的阻滞效应,降低了夜间NEE对土壤温度的敏感性,2012和2013年分别为1.88和1.39,稻季淹水与烤田交替变化对土壤呼吸产生明显的抑制或激发的短时效应。