冬小麦植物铁载体分泌的杂种效应

缺铁是石灰性土壤常见的植物营养问题之一.禾本科植物种或基因型的植物铁载体分泌能力与耐缺铁有关,提高植物铁载体分泌能力是改良缺铁的土壤上植物铁aestivum L.) 3个杂交种及其4个亲本在缺铁营养液中植物铁载体的分泌及杂种的效应.植物铁载体的分泌率通过根分泌物对新形成的Fe(OH)3的活化能力进行测定, 在缺铁症出现时每隔2、3天测定1次.在缺铁条件下,所有基因型都分泌较多的植物铁载体,并且随缺铁症状的发展分泌量增加.杂交种具有对缺铁更敏感的反馈系统,在缺铁条件下,杂交种比亲本分泌铁载体的速度更快、量更高.通过分析杂交种和亲本的关系,认为可以通过对亲本分泌植物铁载体能力和配合力的选择,利用杂种优势来提高小麦铁的利用效率.     

小麦植物铁载体分泌基因的染色体定位

采用室内控制生长条件的营养液培养技术,通过检测缺铁条件下２０个中国春的Ｈｏｐｅ染色体代换系及其亲本中国春和Ｈｏｐｅ小麦植物铁载本分泌的动态变化规律以及植物铁载体分泌高峰期内５次测定值的汇总资料,对六倍体小麦ＰＳ分泌基因进行染色体定位。ＰＳ分泌率通过根分泌物对新形成的Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３的活化能力进行测定,在缺铁症出现时每隔２,３天测定１次,随着缺铁失绿症严重程度的增加,ＰＳ分泌率呈现迅速增高再逐渐降低的     

细菌铁载体拮抗植物病原真菌及促生作用研究进展

铁载体是微生物在缺铁条件下分泌的小分子有机化合物,以获取铁元素维持其生长。细菌分泌的铁载体在拮抗植物病原菌和促进植物生长方面具有重要作用。本文总结了细菌铁载体拮抗植物病原真菌的营养和生态位竞争、诱导植物诱导性系统抗性、扰乱病原菌铁稳态的机制,以及促进植物生长的作用,以解释细菌分泌的铁载体在多功能微生物菌剂研制中的重要作用。     

应用薄层层析法分离植物铁载体

缺铁胁迫下禾谷类植物根系分泌出麦根酸、羟基麦根酸和阿凡酸等植物铁载体。它们能与石灰性土壤上的Fe~(3 )络合而直接被植物吸收,因而提高了铁的有效性。对这些物质目前一般用高压液相色谱仪进行分离并直接进行检测。缺点是一次能分离的样品     

小金海棠和山定子幼苗根自由空间铁累积量和活化量

不同基因型苹果幼苗根系自由空间铁累积量和活化利用能力不同。在缺铁胁迫条件下,抗缺铁的苹果基因型小金海棠幼苗与对缺铁敏感的山定于幼苗相比,根系自由空间铁累积量大,且它对此铁库的活化利用能力强。此外,供给铁源不同,在植物根中形成的自由空间铁库大小就不同;不同植物基因型对此铁库的活化利用能力也不同,因此,根自由空间铁库的大小及植物对该铁库中铁的活化能力大小可作为不同基因型苹果铁营养效率的筛选指标。     

铁限制条件下东海原甲藻分泌铁载体

在铁限制条件下,进行东海原甲藻分泌铁载体的动态研究。对藻类在富铁与缺铁条件下生长状况、生长过程中分泌铁载体的情况以及海藻接种量对铁载体分泌的影响进行了连续观测,结果表明:东海原甲藻在缺铁条件下生长状况远不如在富铁条件下;随着藻类的生长,分泌铁载体不断增多,达指数生长期时,其分泌量也达到了最大值,之后藻类的生长和铁载体分泌都呈现下降趋势;高接种量东海原甲藻能分泌较多的铁载体,并在较短时间到达峰值。     

植物ZIP基因家族铁载体蛋白基因研究进展

主要概述了植物ZIP基因家族铁载体蛋白基因研究的最新进展。从结构和功能上介绍了铁载体蛋白基因IRT1、IRT2、LeIRT1、LeIRT2、P5RIT1和O5IRT1。应用Clustal X序列分析软件,对6个铁载体蛋白基因在蛋白质水平上比较后发现,与IRT1基因蛋白质序列有较高的同源性。植物ZIP基因家族铁载体蛋白基因主要受缺铁胁迫条件的诱导,在根部表达。表达的量与环境中的铁含量、时间、温度、光照等因素有关。铁载体蛋白基因在转录和转录后水平上被环境中的铁含量和植物体内的铁营养水平综合调控。转铁载体蛋白基因植物表现出较强的抗缺铁能力,预示其在农业生产上有广阔的应用前景。     

不同禾本科作物与花生混作对花生根系质外体铁的累积和还原力的影响

采用土培盆栽方法模拟玉米/花生、大麦/花生、燕麦/花生、小麦/花生、高粱/花生5种种植方式,研究混作对花生根系质外体铁的累积和还原力的影响.结果表明,当花生与5种分泌植物铁载体能力不同的禾本科作物混作时,花生新叶叶色正常,而单作花生则表现出严重的缺铁黄化症状,混作花生各部位的含铁量明显增加.与麦类作物(大麦、燕麦、小麦)混作的花生其各部位铁含量高于与玉米、高粱混作的花生,说明麦类作物改善花生铁营养的能力强于玉米、高粱,而两个玉米品种之间的能力差异不大,这主要是由于麦类作物分泌植物铁载体能力高于玉米、高粱.在花生生长至第50、60和70d时,混作花生根系质外体铁含量也随着逐渐增加,并始终高于单作花生.同时,混作明显地提高了花生根际土壤有效铁的含量,花生根系还原力也逐步提高.混作花生逐渐提高的还原力和介质中不断供给的易被花生还原吸收的铁,在改善花生的铁营养方面起了重要的作用.     

不同禾本科作物与花生混作对花生根系质外体铁的累积和还原力的影响

采用土培盆栽方法模拟玉米／花生、大麦／花生、燕麦／花生、小麦／花生、高粱／花生5种种植方式,研究混作对花生根系质外体铁的累积和还原力的影响．结果表明,当花生与5种分泌植物铁载体能力不同的禾本科作物混作时,花生新叶叶色正常,而单作花生则表现出严重的缺铁黄化症状,混作花生各部位的含铁量明显增加．与麦类作物(大麦、燕麦、小麦)混作的花生其各部位铁含量高于与玉米、高粱混作的花生,说明麦类作物改善花生铁营养的能力强于玉米、高粱,而两个玉米品种之间的能力差异不大。这主要是由于麦类作物分泌植物铁载体能力高于玉米、高粱．在花生生长至第50、60和70d时,混作花生根系质外体铁含量也随着逐渐增加,并始终高于单作花生．同时,混作明显地提高了花生根际土壤有效铁的含量,花生根系还原力也逐步提高．混作花生逐渐提高的还原力和介质中不断供给的易被花生还原吸收的铁。在改善花生的铁营养方面起了重要的作用．     

假单胞菌株JKD—2分泌铁载体抑制稻瘟病菌

利用铬奥醇（CAS）分析法测定了假单胞菌（Pseudomonassp．）JKD－2分泌铁载体的特征。在无铁环境下JKD-2菌能分泌高亲和力的铁载体;在低铁条件下,铁载体的分泌量减少;在富铁环境下,则不能分泌。结果还显示菌株JKD-2在无铁条件下分泌的铁载体,能在低铁条件下抑制稻瘟病菌（Piriculariaoryzae）的生长。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.