广西金线Ba属一新种

描记采于广西凌云县泗城镇沙洞地下河中的金线Ｂａ属１新种,以采集地县名命名为凌云金线ＢａＳｉｎｏｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓ ｌｉｎｇｙｕｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．。新种以侧线鳞７１－７８对４８－５０;背鳍最末不分枝鳍条下半部为硬刺,后缘有锯齿对纤细柔软,光滑无锯齿等特征区别于相近种季氏金线ＢａＳ．ｊｉｉ Ｚｈａｎｇ ｅｔＤａｉ。     

中国鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种——黄田金线鲃(鲤形目:鲤科)

该文记述了采自广西贺州市贺江水系——洞穴的鲤科鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为黄田金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus huangtianensis Zhu,Zhu et Lan sp.nov.)。新种眼睛正常,背鳍末根不分枝鳍条柔软,后缘无锯齿,与属内同分布在贺江水系的已知种季氏金线鲃及邻近漓江水系的桂林金线鲃相似,但新种侧线鳞为52～59枚,侧线上鳞17～23,侧线下鳞16～17,围尾柄鳞40～46,鳃耙9～10,眼径为体长的4.3%～5.4%,眼间距为体长的9.2%～9.6%,口宽为体长的6.0%～7.3%,与季氏金线鲃和桂林金线鲃有明显区别。     

中国鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种及其生态和适应(鲤形目:鲤科)

1999年 11月在广西都安县下坳乡一岩洞地下水中采到 1尾鱼类标本 ,经鉴定为金线属一新种。新种与大鳞金线S .macrolepis和陆良金线S .macroscalus相近。但新种在背腹鳍相对位置以及背鳍末根不分枝鳍条后缘具锯齿等方面与上述两种存在明显差异 ;特别是该新种仅局限分布于洞穴中 ,就其生境来说也与上述两种更为不同。此外 ,新种头长与吻长和头长与眼径的比例是目前该属内已知最小的 ,眼明显偏大 ,反映出其对弱光生境条件的适应。     

中国NFDA2亚科金线NFDA2属鱼类一新种及其生态和适应(鲤形目：鲤科)

1999年11月在广西都安县下坳乡一岩洞地下水中采到1尾鱼类标本,经鉴定为金线NFDA2属一新种。新种与大鳞金线NFDA2S. macrolepis和陆良金线NFDA2S. macroscalus相近。但新种在背腹鳍相对位置以及背鳍末根不分枝鳍条后缘具锯齿等方面与上述两种存在明显差异;特别是该新种仅局限分布于洞穴中,就其生境来说也与上述两种更为不同。此外,新种头长与吻长和头长与眼径的比例是目前该属内已知最小的,眼明显偏大,反映出其对弱光生境条件的适应。     

中国Ba亚科金线Ba属鱼类一新种及其生态和适应（鲤形目：鲤科）

1999年11月在广西都安县下坳乡一岩洞地下水中采到1尾鱼类标本,经鉴定为金线Ba属一新种。新种与大鳞金线BaS.macrolepis和陆良金线Ba S.macroscalus相近。但新 在背腹鳍相对位置以及背鳍末根不分枝鳍条后缘具锯齿等方面与上述两种存在明显差异;特别是该新种仅局限分布于洞穴中,就其生境下说也与上述两种更为不同。此外,新种头长和吻长和头长与眼径的比例是目前该属内已知最小的,眼明显偏大,反映出其对弱光生境条件的适应。     

云南红河水系金线鲃属鱼类一新种——西畴金线鲃

该文记述了采集自云南省文山州西畴县兴街镇干海子(红河水系)一洞穴的鲤科鲃亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为西畴金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus xichouensis Pan,Li,Yang et Chen sp.nov.)。该新种眼睛正常,背鳍末根不分枝,鳍条变粗变硬,后缘3/5具锯齿,与属内分布在邻近南盘江水系的已知种大眼金线鲃(S.macrophthalmus)、圭山金线鲃(S.guishanensis)、狭孔金线鲃(S.angustiporus)、侧条金线鲃(S.lateristritus)、丘北金线鲃(S.qiubeiensis)、滇池金线鲃(S.grahami)、曲靖金线鲃(S.qujingensis)、麻花金线鲃(S.maculatus)、紫色金线鲃(S.purpureus)及疑似红河水系易门金线鲃(S.yimenensis)相似。籍第一鳃弓外侧鳃耙9以下的特征,可与大眼金线鲃相区别;眼间距为体长的8.1%～9.9%,吻须后伸超过眼后缘,口角须后伸超过前鳃盖骨后缘,可与圭山金线鲃相区别;背鳍起点与腹鳍起点相对,体侧沿侧线无黑色横带,可与侧条金线鲃相区别;侧线鳞74～88,侧线上鳞20,侧线下鳞16,可与滇池金线鲃相区别;侧线弯曲,侧线鳞74～88,围尾柄鳞48,可与曲靖金线鲃相区别;背鳍前距为体长的47.1%～53.7%,背鳍基长为体长的12.8%～15.8%,臀鳍前距为体长的66.0%～71.0%,臀鳍长为体长的13.7%～17.1%,胸鳍前距为体长的26.0%～29.5%,尾柄长为体长的19.3%～24.7%,下颌长为体长的4.7%～7.0%,明显区别于易门金线鲃;全身被鳞,具侧线鳞,可与其分布邻近的麻花金线鲃和紫色金线鲃相区别;背鳍前鳞35～39,鳃耙6,眼间距为体长的8.1%～9.9%,可与狭孔金线鲃及丘北金线鲃相区别。     

中国广西金线鲃属盲鱼一新种——安水金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis sp.nov.)

2012年6—7月,于广西壮族自治区凌云县逻楼镇附近一洞穴采集到金线鲃属一新种,并命名为安水金线鲃(Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis sp.nov.)。该新种背鳍末根不分枝,鳍条基部为硬刺,后缘具锯齿,后半部柔软分节;背鳍分枝鳍条7;腹鳍起点位于背鳍起点之前;头后急剧隆起,头背交界处具一伸向上前方的肉质额骨突;侧线鳞34~38,与其相邻的上、下鳞片大小相当;尾柄上、下缘具发达肉质鳍褶。以上组合特征可与金线鲃属其他种类相区别。     

贵州金线鲃属鱼类一新种记述(鲤形目,鲤科),封四

描记2009年8月采自贵州省荔波县茂兰自然保护区内洞塘乡地下河中的金线鲃属一新种,命名为洞塘金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus dongtangensis Zhou,Liu et Wang,sp.nov,正模标本编号为:20091123005,全长213.02 mm,体长167.12 mm;副模标本编号:20091123002,全长182.36 mm,体长139.26 mm.背鳍ⅲ-8,臀鳍ⅲ-5,胸鳍ⅰ-15-16,腹鳍ⅱ-8,尾鳍分枝鳍条16,不分枝鳍条10,下咽齿3行,2·3·4-4·3·2.该种的胸鳍和臀鳍等性状以及体形大致与巨须金线鲃S.hugeibarbus、高肩金线鲃S.altishoulderus和尧兰金线鲃S.yaolanensis相似,但新种的侧线鳞和第1鳃弓鳃耙数与三者都有一定差距,新种的侧线鳞为6520-26/16-1867;巨须金线鲃为6628-31/14-16-v71;高肩金线鲃为5414-17/9-11-v58; 尧兰金线鲃为5220-21/10-1154.新种的第1鳃弓鳃耙数为15;巨须金线鲃为9～11;高肩金线鲃为10～12;尧兰金线鲃为12～14.     

贵州金线鲃属鱼类一新种记述(鲤形目,鲤科)

描记采于贵州省荔波县茂兰自然保护区范围内的尧兰村地下河中的金线鲃属一新种,命名为尧兰金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus yaolanensis Zhou, Li et Hou, sp. nov.新种的胸鳍、腹鳍和臀鳍等性状以及体形大致与东兰金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus donglanensis和高肩金线鲃Sinocyclocheilus altishoulderus相似.但是,新种的侧线鳞与二者都具有一定差距,新种的侧线鳞为52(20-21)/(10-11)54;东兰金线鲃为44(14-17)/(9-11)52;高肩金线鲃为54(14-17)/(9-11)58.     

中国金线鲃属一新种——季氏金线鲃(鲤形目:鲤科:鲃亚科)

作者于1984年11月在广西富川县境内采到鲤科鲃巴亚科金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为季氏金线鲃,新种Sinocyclocheilus jii sp.nov.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.