吴茱萸的化学成分研究

从吴茱萸中分离得到16个化合物,通过波谱数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:吴茱萸次碱(1)、吴茱萸碱(2)、去氢吴茱萸碱(3)、7β-羟基吴茱萸次碱(4)、吴茱萸果酰胺-Ⅱ(5)、14-甲酰基二氢吴茱萸次碱(6)、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖苷(7)、淫羊藿新苷C(8)、橙皮苷(9)、金丝桃苷(10)、吴茱萸内酯(11)、β-谷甾醇(12)、胡萝卜苷(13)、咖啡酸(14)、紫丁香苷(15)、儿茶酚(16).化合物9、15、16为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物15、16为首次从吴茱萸属植物中分离得到.     

小粒吴茱萸的化学成分研究

从中药小粒吴茱萸(石虎)Evpdia rutaecarpa var．officinalis的近成熟果实中分离得到15个成分,分别为吴茱萸碱(evodiamine,1),吴茱萸次碱(rutaecarpine,2),羟基吴茱萸碱(hydroxyevodiamine,3),14-甲酰基二氢吴茱萸次碱(14-formyldihydrorutaecarpine,4),吴茱萸酰胺(evodiamide,5),吴茱萸酰胺-Ⅰ(goshuyuamide-Ⅰ,6),二氢吴茱萸新碱(dihydroevocarpine,7),茵芋碱(skimmianine,8),槲皮素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖甙(quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside,9),异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-半乳糖甙(isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-galactoside,10);rutaevine(11);β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,12),胡萝卜甙(daucosterol,13);棕榈酸(palmaticacid,14),硬脂酸(stearicacid,15)。除了化合物1,2,3,7,11外,其余的10个化合物均是首次从该植物中得到。     

中药大蓟化学成分的研究

从大蓟的50％乙醇提取物中分离得到2个木脂素：（-）2-（3’-甲氧基4’-羟基-苯基）-3,4-二羟基4-（3＂-4＂-羟基-苄基）-3-四氢呋哺甲醇（1）和络石苷（2）,以及另外6个化合物：蒙花苷（3）、柳穿鱼叶苷（4）、粗毛豚草素（5）、芹菜素（6）、咖啡酸（7）和对-香豆酸（8）。本文首次在蓟属植物中发现木脂素类成分,化合物7也为首次从本植物中分离得到,通过体外玻片法对化合物1—8进行凝血活性测定,发现化合物3、4具有一定的促凝血作用。     

延胡索的化学成分研究(英文)

采用现代分离技术和方法,从延胡索根茎中分离得到17个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定其结构。包括11个生物碱类化合物,二氢白屈菜红碱(1)、去氢紫堇碱(2)、四氢非洲防己胺(3)、异紫堇球碱(4)、紫堇碱(5)、四氢黄连碱(6)、药根碱(7)、黄连碱(8)、小檗碱(12)、巴马汀(13)和延胡索乙素(14);2个蒽醌类化合物,大黄素(9)和大黄素甲醚(10);1个三萜类化合物,即3β-羟基-齐墩果烷-111,3(18)-二烯-28-酸(11)和3个甾醇类化合物,豆甾醇(15)、β-谷甾醇(16)和胡萝卜苷(17)。其中,化合物9～11首次从该属植物中分离得到,1首次从该种中分离得到。     

新疆千里光的化学成分研究北大核心CSCD

本文对新疆千里光进行了化学成分研究,从中分离鉴定了12个化合物,分别为千里光碱（1）、千里光菲灵碱（2）、全缘千里光碱（3）、克式千里光碱（4）、异鼠李素（5）、槲皮素（6）、异鼠李素-3—O-β-D-半乳糖苷（7）、8-（2＂-pyrrolidinone-5”-y1）-isorhamnetin（8）、pseudotaraxasterc1（9）、咖啡酸（10）、β-谷甾醇（11）、卢-胡萝卜苷（12）。除1—3外,其余9个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

鹿蹄草化学成分研究

从鹿蹄草(Pyrola callianthaH.Andres)中分离得到11个化合物,经光谱分析确定其结构为(4R)-1-四氢萘酮(1),(4S)-1-四氢萘酮(2),夹竹桃麻素(3),没食子酸(4),3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(5),鹿蹄草素(6),5-羟甲基糠醛(7),金丝桃苷(8),2″-O-没食子酰基金丝桃苷(9),鹿蹄草苷B(10),4-羟基-2,7-二甲基萘基-1-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(11)。其中化合物1,2,3,5,6,11为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物7为首次从该属中分离得到。     

紫花苜蓿化学成分的研究(英文)

为研究紫花苜蓿（Medicago scttiva L．）地上部位的化学成分,通过溶剂萃取、硅胶柱色谱、凝胶柱色谱分离纯化,从紫花苜蓿地上部分分离得到9个化合物,根据质谱和核磁共振数据鉴定为小檗碱（1）、大黄素（2）、大黄素8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（3）、soyαsαpogenol B-3-O-β-glcA（4）、邻羟基苯甲酸（5）、反式对羟基肉挂酸（6）、顺式对羟基肉桂酸（7）、正三十烷醇（8）和β-胡萝卜苷（9）。其中化合物1—4为首次从苜蓿属植物中分离得到。     

闭花耳草的化学成分研究

从闭花耳草(Hedyotis cryptantha )全草中分离得到11个化合物,经波谱数据分析鉴定为车叶草苷(1),车叶草苷酸(2),车叶草苷酸甲酯(3),车叶草酸乙酯(4),3,4-二氢-3-甲氧基车叶草苷(5),山奈酚(6),kaempferol 3,7-di-O -β-D-glucoside(7),kaempferol 3-O -β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-galactopyranoside(8),乌索酸(9),豆甾醇(10),β-谷甾醇(11)。所有化合物均为首次从闭花耳草植物中分离得到,其中化合物7和8首次从耳草属(Hedyotis )植物中分离得到。     

荷叶的化学成分研究

从荷叶(Folium Nelumbinis)的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定出13个化合物,分别为荷叶碱(nuciferine,1),鹅掌楸碱(liriodenine,2),2-羟基-1-甲氧基阿朴啡(2-hydfoxy-1-methoxyaporphine,3),原荷叶碱(pronuciferine,4),去氢莲碱(dehydroroemerine,5),去氢荷叶碱(dehydronuciferine,6),莲碱(roemerine,7),胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,8),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,9),1-二十烷醇(1-icosanol,10),1-十一烷醇(1-undecanol,11),(2R,4S,4aS,8aS)-4,4a-环氧-4,4a-二氢食用西番莲素[(2R,4S,4aS,8aS)-4,4a-epoxy-4,4a-dihydroedulan,12]和邻二羟基苯酚(benzene-1,2-did,13).其中化合物10～13为首次从荷叶中分离得到.     

崖椒茎的化学成分

从崖椒（Zanthoxglum schinifolutm Sieb.et Zucc.)茎的石油醚、二氯甲烷提取物中分离得到8个化合物。经物理常数测定及光谱（UV,IR,MS,NMR)分析鉴定其为（1）白鲜碱（dictamning),（2）茵芋碱（skimmianine),(3)滨蒿内酯（scoparone),(4)崖椒内酯（schinifolin),(5)莨菪亭（scopoletin),（6）7-羟基-8-甲氧基香豆素（7-hydroxy-8-methoxycoumarin),（7）N-甲基弗林辛（N-methylflindersine),（8）β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol),其中化合物（5）、（6）和（7）为首次从该植物中分离。     

The discovery of the nature of ferredoxin in photosystems: A recollection

I describe here my recollection of the story of the discovery of the nature of ferredoxin in photosystems that began in 1965: this story involved the EPR measurements by a young physicist J.H.M. Thornley, using samples provided by J.F. Gibson and D. Hall, and in collaboration with F.R. Whatley.     

Occurrence of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complexes in quiescent wheat germ

The cellular distribution of arginyl-tRNA, leucyl-tRNA, methionyl-tRNA and phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetases from quiescent wheat germ shows that these enzymes participate to various high molecular weight complexes from 3.10⁶ to 3.10⁵. Two types of interactions were discriminated by salt washing. The greater part of these complexes are weakly bound and destroyed by conventional enzymatic extraction procedures which release the free enzymes. Sedimentation constants of complexes show that they have a common size at 18–20S, but higher sedimentation constants were also observed (? 40–60 S). Investigations by gel filtration lead to evidence that the complexes contain a little amount of conjugates.     

Studies on the stimulation of gluconeogenesis and lipolysis by glucagon and epinephrine in isolated rat Kupffer cells.

Kupffer cells were isolated by collagenease-pronase treatment. Activity and leakage of GOT, GPT, LDH, GlDH and of nucleotide pyrophosphatase were measured and compared to parenchymal cells. In addition, the effects of glucagon and epinephrine on gluconeogenesis and lipolysis were studied. Both glucagon and epinephrine stimulated gluconeogenesis from lactate and alanine. The epinephrine response, however, was far greater than that of glucagon. Additional studies showed a 50% stimulation of lipolysis by epinephrine with triolein and tripalmitin as substrates. No stimulation of lipolysis was observed with glucagon.     

小剂量16O8+离子预辐射减轻大剂量辐射所致小鼠睾丸组织损伤

为了了解小剂量重离子辐射诱导小鼠睾丸结构的适应性反应,采用小剂量(0.05Gy)~(16)O~(8 )离子照射B6C3F_1雄性小鼠睾丸。4h后,再给予2Gy~(16)O~(8 )离子照射。照射后第35天取材在光镜下观察睾丸结构。结果显示,大剂量(2Gy)照射明显损伤睾丸组织,主要表现为曲精细管直径几乎减小一半,精管内各发育阶段的生殖细胞减少或消失,特别是精原细胞几乎完全消失。而Leydig细胞和Sertoli细胞仅有轻度核固缩及胞浆减少。提示睾丸生殖细胞的辐射敏感性明显高于其间质组织细胞。预先给予小剂量(0.05Gy)照射可明显减轻随后大剂量(2Gy)辐射对睾丸组织的损伤。提示小剂量重离子辐射可诱导小鼠睾丸结构明显的适应性反应。     

青荚叶〔Helwingia japonica(Thunb.)Dietr.〕种下新组合

青荚叶〔Ｈｅｌｗｉｎｇｉａｊａｐｏｎｉｃａ (Ｔｈｕｎｂ .)Ｄｉｅｔｒ.〕为山茱萸科(Ｃｏｒｎａｃｅａｅ)青荚叶属 (ＨｅｌｗｉｎｇｉａＷｉｌｌｄ .)植物 ,我国民间常将其髓部、叶及果实作为药用。该种主要特征为叶片纸质 ,卵形、卵圆形、长卵形或卵状披针形 ,背面粉白或淡绿色等[1 ] 。作者在对馆藏的青荚叶标本进行整理时 ,发现《中国植物志》中的个别变种描述与该变种原始文献的描述有出入 ,而且该种种内的一些分类依据不明确。为此作者查阅了有关标本及文献 ,对该种的这些问题进行了分析和讨论。青荚叶Ｈｅｌｗｉｎｇｉａｊａｐｏｎ…     

Augmented Partial Diallel Design for Estimating Combining Ability of Parents

The Augmented Partial Diallel Cross (APDC) represents an intermediate position between the Complete Diallel Cross (CDC) and the Partial Diallel Cross (PDC) in which one or more primary lines are crossed with all the other lines but the lines of secondary interest form a PDC system. The method of sampling adopted for crosses of secondary lines is from arrangement of secondary lines on circumference of a circle. The mathematics for analysis of such APDC has been given systematically. The efficiency of estimates of general combining ability (g.c.a.) effects obtained from APDC has been compared with that of Pederson's estimator and CDC. It is observed that there are four types of variances for g.c.a. effects where as for comparing specific combining ability (s.c.a.) effects there are large number of variances indicating that the design is totally unbalanced for s.c.a. comparisons.     

Preparation of Chloroplast DNA from Barley and Lettuce and Comparison of Restriction Fragments

Chloroplast DNA from three barley cultivars and from one lettuce cultivar was prepared from chloroplasts isolated by Conventional differential centrifugation. Barley chloroplast DNA size was sensibly lower (130 kpb) than lettuce chloroplast DNA (150 kpb). Chloroplast DNAs from the three barley cultivars showed similar restriction fragment patterns after digestion with: BamHI, EcoRI or HindIII. The lettuce chloroplast DNA restriction pattern was very different from the barley chloroplast DNA restriction pattern.     

Indiscelio: A new genus of Scelionidae (Platygastroidea) from India

A new scelionine genus Indiscelio Veenakumari, Popovici and Talamas is described from India with type species Indiscelio aulon Veenakumari, Popovici and Talamas. Both sexes are described and imaged. Affinities with morphologically similar genera are discussed.     

Revision of the genus Thambemyia Oldroyd (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with description of a new subgenus

The genus Thambemyia Oldroyd is revised. Five species are recognized. Three new species –T. bisetosa, T. bruneiensis and T. hui– are described, and T. pagdeni Oldroyd, 1956 is redescribed. A new subgenus is founded for one new Japanese species, T. (Prothambemyia) japonica. A key to all known species of the genus is provided. Their distributions are also discussed.