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浅部真菌感染是致病真菌侵犯皮肤的角质层、毛发和甲板所导致的感染,困扰着世界约25%的人口,导致患者生活质量下降[1-3]。浅部真菌感染可由皮肤癣菌、念珠菌属、马拉色菌属等引起,而尤以皮肤癣菌最为常见。临床上以足癣最为常见,其次为体癣、股癣以及甲真菌病[4]。除此之外,外阴阴道念珠菌病(vulvovaginal candidiasis,VVC)也是常见的由念珠菌属引起的真菌感染,约75%的女性在其育龄期至少经历过一次VVC[5]。 相似文献
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近年来,侵袭性真菌感染的发病率不断增加,其中肺真菌感染居首位,己成为免疫功能下降或缺陷宿主常见的死亡原因。艾滋病是经典免疫功能缺陷性疾病,合并真菌感染时需及时识别、治疗,以降低其病死率。国内、外各种有关侵袭性真菌感染诊治指南的不断问世,极大地提高了临床医生对侵袭性真菌病的认识和诊治水平。该文就艾滋病常见侵袭性肺真菌病:肺念珠菌病、肺孢子菌肺炎、肺马内菲青霉病、肺隐球菌病、肺曲霉病的诊断及治疗进展进行综述。 相似文献
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小儿罕见真菌感染的临床报道 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
目的 探讨念珠菌病的新类型和新条件下小儿真菌感染的临床表现和致病菌。方法 回顾性收集1975~2005年的临床资料44例,进行体外毛发感染试验、电镜观察、动物试验,流式细胞(FCM)、随机括增多态性DNA(RAPD)以及DNA基因序列检测等。结果 ①累计发现44例婴儿头部念珠菌病,其中病期长者可感染头发。②粉末毕赤酵母可致婴儿皮肤感染。③一种罕见的林生地霉可致脓癣样地霉病。结论 我们发现的婴儿头部念珠菌病,慢性皮肤、黏膜念珠菌病伴皮肤粉末毕赤酵母感染和罕见的林生地霉引起儿童脓癣样地霉病,均为文献率先报道,对防治和降低念珠菌病和其他酵母样真菌感染患者的死亡率有一定意义。 相似文献
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目的 探讨深部真菌病病理诊断的价值。方法 回顾性分析我院1995年1月-2004年12月期间,经病理确诊为深部真菌病45例患者的临床及病理资料,其中副鼻窦真菌感染14例;肺部真菌病19例;胃肠道真菌病4例;口腔真菌病2例,脑部真菌病2例,其他真菌病4例。结果 我院近5年来真菌病的确诊病例明显增多,且内脏及器官真菌病患者多合并基础性疾病,如血液病、肿瘤等。部分病例的致病菌根据病理确定有曲霉、念珠菌及隐球菌等。临床上主要采用手术结合氟康唑静滴的治疗方法。结论 我院经病理确诊的真菌病例呈上升趋势,病理组织学特点结合特殊染色可将大部分致病菌鉴定至属,治疗前最好进行培养鉴定至种。 相似文献
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目的探讨杭州地区皮肤浅部真菌病的病原菌分布及各年龄段发病情况。方法对2011年1月至2014年12月来杭州市西湖区第二人民医院皮肤科就诊的425例皮肤浅部真菌病患者的病原菌进行回顾性统计分析。结果皮肤浅部真菌病病原菌前三位为红色毛癣菌、酵母菌和须癣毛癣菌,发病部位前三位为足癣、甲癣和体癣。体癣和皮肤念珠菌病以7岁(不含7岁)婴幼儿为主,手癣、足癣和甲癣以18(含18岁)~65岁(含65岁)中青年人群为主,股癣以18(含18岁)~40岁(含40岁)青年人和65岁(不含65岁)老年人为主。结论杭州地区皮肤浅部真菌病以红色毛癣菌和酵母菌为主,患者以18(含18岁)~65岁(含65岁)中青年为主要人群。要坚持开展皮肤浅部真菌病的流行病学监测,对皮肤浅部真菌病的防治有重要意义。 相似文献
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Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development. 相似文献
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环腺苷酸应答元件结合蛋白与学习记忆 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
环腺苷酸(cAMP)应答元件结合蛋白(cAMP response element binding protein,CREB)是一种核转录因子,可与cAMP反应元件结合,调节基因转录,具有调节精子生成,昼夜节律,学习记忆等功能.近年来关于其在学习记忆中的作用成为医学研究热点.CREB是神经元内多条信息传递途径的汇聚点,参与长时记忆形成和突触可塑性.长时记忆(long-term memory)形成需依赖CREB介导的基因转录,干扰或抑制CREB活性可破坏长时记忆.长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)是研究学习记忆的理想模型,在LTP诱导和维持过程中均可观察到CREB活性持续升高.但增龄过程中,海马CREB活性下降,影响学习记忆功能,与许多神经退行性疾病发生有关. 相似文献
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Höpfl G Ogunshola O Gassmann M 《American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology》2004,286(4):R608-R623
For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed. 相似文献
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Michele Rivkin-Flsh 《Medical anthropology quarterly》2000,14(1):119-120
Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp. 相似文献
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp. 相似文献