高半胱氨酸在平滑肌细胞中介导DNA甲基化及机制的研究

高同型半胱氨酸血症是引起动脉粥样硬化一个重要独立的危险因子,可以引起基因DNA甲基化表型改变和蛋白质表达失调,但是基因甲基化表型改变的特点和动脉粥样硬化是否有关及其机制,到目前为止还没有研究清楚.在平滑肌细胞培养的基础上研究高同型半胱氨酸血症对DNA甲基化的影响,高半胱氨酸诱导DNA甲基化表型改变的特征及潜在的机制.高半胱氨酸加入人脐静脉平滑肌培养24h后,高效液相检测SAM和SAH的浓度,实时RT-PCR和蛋白质印迹检测SAH水解酶mRNA和蛋白质表达.通过内源性DNA甲基转移酶活性变化、基因组DNA接受甲基的能力、甲基化限制性内切酶分析检测DNA甲基化水平的变化.结果显示,随着高半胱氨酸浓度的增加,SAH水平增加,SAM和SAM/SAH比率下降,SAH水解酶水平下降,但DNA甲基转移酶活性增加,用不同甲基化限制性内切酶分析发现C↓CGG序列更容易甲基化.由此可以推测,不同剂量的高半胱氨酸引起细胞损害效应的机制也不同,在低、中度高同型半胱氨酸血症,高半胱氨酸主要通过干扰高同型半胱氨酸的代谢途径影响基因表达表型修饰,在高度高同型半胱氨酸血症可能氧化应激、凋亡、炎症等发挥了更重要的作用.     

高同型半胱氨酸促进肾脏疾病的发生与发展

同型半胱氨酸是蛋氨酸代谢的中间产物,其代谢异常导致血中同型半胱氨酸浓度高于16μmol/L,称为高同型半胱氨酸血症。目前研究表明,高同型半胱氨酸血症不仅与心脑血管疾病、外周血管病变、神经系统退行性疾病、糖尿病、妊娠高血压综合征、肝硬化等疾病的发病密切相关,而且在肾脏疾病的发生、发展过程中发挥重要作用。本文将就高同型半胱氨酸血症与肾脏疾病的关系作一综述,进一步明确其在肾脏疾病发生和发展中的重要性,将可能为肾脏疾病的防治提供新的线索。     

高同型半胱氨酸血症促进大鼠血管钙化

目的:在大鼠血管钙化模型上,探讨高同型半胱氨酸血症对血管钙化的影响及其作用机制.方法:用维生素D3加尼古丁诱导大鼠血管钙化模型,并给以高蛋氨酸饮食六周诱导大鼠高同型半胱氨酸血症,用高效液相色谱法检测血浆总同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平;采用血管组织vonKossa染色、钙含量测定、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性和骨钙素(OC)含量测定以判断血管钙化程度,同时测定血浆脂质共轭烯(Diene键)含量反映其脂质过氧化水平.结果:钙化组大鼠血管yon Kossa染色可见大量黑色颗粒沉积,其血管的钙含量,碱性磷酸酶活性及骨钙素含量分别较对照组增加8.09倍、45.57%和2.81倍(P＜0.01).高蛋氨酸饮食的钙化组大鼠血管内钙含量较单纯钙化组增高了34.29%,而碱性磷酸酶活性及骨钙素含量则较单纯的钙化组降低29.13%和74.69%(P＜0.01).钙化组大鼠血浆脂质共轭烯含量与对照组比较无显著性差异,单纯高蛋氨酸饮食和钙化加高蛋氨酸饮食大鼠血浆脂质共轭烯含量较对照组增加了1.93和2.89倍(P＜0.01),而钙化加高蛋氨酸饮食大鼠血浆脂质共轭烯含量较单纯高蛋氨酸饮食大鼠又增加了32.90%(P＜0.01).结论:高同型半胱氨酸血症可以促进血管的钙化,可能与其所致的脂质过氧化程度增强有关.     

高同型半胱氨酸对动脉粥样硬化形成的作用

同型半胱氨酸是甲硫氨酸的中间代谢产物,高同型半胱氨酸血症已成为动脉粥样硬化的一种独立危险因素,探讨高同型半胱氨酸血症形成的原因及同型芈胱氨酸致动脉粥样硬化的机制,有助于动脉粥样硬化的防治.     

高同型半胱氨酸血症治疗研究进展

同型半胱氨酸是蛋氨酸代谢的中间产物,其代谢异常所导致的高同型半胱氨酸血症已被许多研究相继证实与心脑血管疾病、外周血管疾病、神经系统退行性疾病、糖尿病、妊娠高血压综合征、肝硬化、慢性肾病相关。本文将简要介绍高同型半胱氨酸血症及其发病机制,重点综述利用叶酸、维生素B6、B12、甜菜碱、阿托伐他汀、异黄酮、牛磺酸和某些中药治疗方面取得的新进展,同时分析各个治疗方案可能存在的问题。     

高蛋氨酸饲料喂养的大鼠高同型半胱氨酸血症模型的实验研究

探讨高蛋氨酸饲料诱导高同型半胱氨酸血症的适应剂量及其对相关代谢的影响.选择质量分数1%、2%和3%蛋氨酸饲料喂饲大鼠,高压液相色谱法测定血清同型半胱氨酸、半胱氨酸和还原形谷胱甘肽含量.结果表明饲料中1%蛋氨酸可以使血清同型半胱氨酸水平升高且无生长抑制等毒副作用,2%和3%蛋氨酸饲料喂养大鼠后出现摄食量减少和生长抑制等毒...     

高同型半胱氨酸血症与内皮祖细胞凋亡

内皮祖细胞在内皮损伤后的修复中起重要作用.高同型半胱氨酸血症作为动脉粥样硬化的一个独立危险因素,可影响外周血内皮祖细胞的数量和功能,导致内皮功能障碍.在其引起内皮祖细胞损伤的机制中,凋亡扮演了重要角色.本文就高同型半胱氨酸血症对内皮祖细胞凋亡的影响及机制的研究进展进行了综述.     

同型半胱氨酸致动脉粥样硬化的作用机制及最新进展

1969年,在研究患有同型半胱氨酸遗传代谢疾病的儿童血管生理时,首次提出了动脉粥样硬化的同型半胱氨酸理论。事实上,自从1969年发现动脉粥样硬化的同型半胱氨酸理论后,许多回顾与展望人类的观察性研究已经将高同型半胱氨酸血症作为动脉粥样硬化的一个独立危险因素。本文主要从以下几个方面探讨同型半胱氨酸致动脉粥样硬化的作用机制:氧化应激,内皮功能障碍和炎症;微生物,脂蛋白和脆性斑块的形成;基质金属蛋白酶和基质金属蛋白酶2。     

警惕高同型半胱氨酸血症

血清同型半胱氨酸浓度增高使老年人容易发生骨折,也使患心脏病的危险性增加。现认为,可能是由于高水平的同型半胱氨酸能抑制胶原蛋白的交联,而亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶（MTHFR）有TT突变基因型的患者．因为此酶的活性降低,通常伴有同型半胱氨酸水平增高和叶酸水平降低。此外,雌二醇能通过增强抗氧化剂系统以防止高同型半胱氨酸血症引起的动脉粥样硬化症。故服用B族维生素和应用雌激素替代疗法是有益的。     

同型半胱氨酸化与疾病

高同型半胱氨酸血症能引起多种疾病如动脉粥样硬化、恶性肿瘤、神经退行性疾病等。研究发现,同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)能诱导氧化应激、内质网应激、蛋白质聚集。然而,具体的分子机制还有待进一步研究。近年来,蛋白质的同型半胱氨酸化引起广泛关注,本文对Hcy的代谢途径、同型半胱氨酸化及对机体的影响予以综述。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).