氟康唑注射液稳定性研究

目的检测氟康唑注射液在不同条件下的稳定性。方法系统观察不同条件下氟康唑注射液的稳定性,条件分别为高温（40℃）、4500Lx强光试验观察10d,室温（25℃）、低温（4℃）试验各观察3个月。建立一个简单的HPLC法用于稳定性试验中氟康唑和降解产物的含量测定。结果氟康唑＇往射液的含量和降解产物均无明显下降。结论氟康唑注射液在上述条件下是稳定的。     

pH值、碱类型及预停留时间对铁砷共沉淀物长期稳定性的影响

Fe（Ⅲ）-As（Ⅴ）共沉淀法作为一种经济的除砷方法,被广泛应用于处理有色冶金含砷废水。为防止处理后的含砷废渣二次污染,必须进一步研究其稳定性。本文通过室内模拟实验,研究了不同pH值、碱类型及在pH4条件下的预停留时间等对铁砷共沉淀物稳定性的影响。结果表明,在pH4条件下,共沉淀物稳定性最好;在pH4条件下延长预停留时间能增强砷的稳定程度;使用石灰或添加Ca^2＋明显增加了共沉淀物中砷的稳定性。     

相互干扰的捕食与被捕食者种群的Hassall模型定性分析

本文证明了Hassall模型的渐近稳定性、有界性、全局稳定性。解决了文献[1]对该模型的三个猜想：（1）模型在某种条件下,正平衡点（x^*,y^*）是渐近稳定的;（2）模型的一切正初始条件的解有界;（3）模型在一定条件下,正平衡点（x^*,y^*）是全局稳定的。     

豆科植物籽实中的昆虫消化道α－淀粉酶抑制剂的研究（Ⅱ）

对５个不同品种菜豆（ＰｈａｓｅｏｌｕｓｖｕｌｇａｌｒｉｕｓＬ．）中的蜚蠊（Ｐｅｒｉｐｌａｎｅｔａ）消化道α－淀粉酶抑制剂作了比较研究．发现它们都能在酸性ｐＨ条件下有效地发挥抑制作用,且最适抑制ｐＨ均在５．５０左右;但它们的热稳定性、最大抑制活性及发挥最大抑制活性所需的预温时间等不尽相同。     

豆科植物籽实中的昆虫消化道α—淀粉酶抑制剂的研究（Ⅱ）

对５个不同品种菜豆（Ｐｈａｓｅｏｌｕｓ ｖｕｌｇａｒｉｕｓ Ｌ．）中的蜚蠊（Ｐｅｒｉｐｌａｎｅｔａ）消化道α－淀粉酶抑制剂作了比较研究。发现它们都能在酸性ｐＨ条件下有效地发挥抑制作用，且最适抑制ｐＨ均在５．５０左右；但它们的热稳定性、最大抑制活性及发挥最大抑制活性所需的预温时间等不尽相同。     

产抑菌物质SDLH菌株的鉴定及发酵产物稳定性研究

目的：对1株产抑菌物质的中华稻蝗内生菌SDLH进行鉴定,并对其发酵产物稳定性进行研究。方法：通过观察生长情况及菌落特征形态学、氨基酸利用、糖发酵、脱羧酶反应生理等生化检测以及16S rDNA序列测定对菌株SDLH进行分类鉴定,并在不同条件（温度、pH、光照等）下测定其发酵产物的抑菌稳定性。结果：菌株SDLH符合肠杆菌科细菌的一般特征;生理生化特征均与Serratia marcescens的特征基本一致;菌株SDLH的16S rDNA序列长度为1 457bp。Gene bank序列登录号为EU525929。其序列在1 457bp范围内与已知的模式菌株粘质沙雷氏菌（AB244291.1）16S rDNA序列部分有100%的相似性。其发酵产物在温度（40℃~60℃）下抑菌活性稳定,在高温（≥80℃）下失去活性;在酸性条件（3≤pH〈7）下,抑菌活性无明显变化,在碱性条件（pH≥10）下,抑菌活性下降;光照2~6h后抑菌活性下降。结论：菌株SDLH属于沙雷氏菌属（Serratia）粘质沙雷氏菌（Serratia marces-cens）,其发酵产物具有较强稳定性,可置避光、pH中性、常温环境中短期保存,经提高活性、纯化等处理后可能作为新型天然防腐剂应用于食品领域。     

人表皮细胞生长因子脂质体制备及促大鼠烫伤修复研究

目的:制备重组人表皮细胞生长因子(rhEGF)脂质体,并考察其促大鼠烫伤创面愈合的作用.方法:采用pH梯度法制备rhEGF脂质体;超滤-离心法分离rhEGF脂质体混悬液中的游离rhEGF,ELISA法测定rhEGF含量,计算脂质体包封率;采用透射电镜观察脂质体的外观形态;采用纳米粒度及Zeta电位分析仪分别测定脂质体的粒径和Zeta电位;以大鼠烫伤模型观察给药后各试验组创面愈合过程中的形态、愈合时间和愈合率的变化.结果:制备的rhEGF脂质体包封率为57.7±1.1％;脂质体形状较为规则,呈完整圆球形或椭圆形的单室囊泡;脂质体粒度分布均匀,呈正态分布,平均粒径为63.7 nm;脂质体的Zeta电位为+9.2mV,带正电荷;rhEGF脂质体高、中剂量组能显著性促进大鼠烫伤创面愈合,使创面愈合时间明显提前,低剂量组促烫伤修复效应不明显.结论:pH梯度法制备的rhEGF脂质体包封率较高,rhEGF脂质体对大鼠烫伤创面的愈合有明显促进作用.     

重组人表皮生长因子包涵体的表达、纯化及复性

目的:通过优化人表皮生长因子(hEGF)基因序列,利用大肠杆菌大量表达重组hEGF(rhEGF)包涵体,经过包涵体纯化复性获得高活性的rhEGF。方法:采用全基因合成优化后的序列,克隆至pET-30a表达载体中,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导表达,将rhEGF包涵体用尿素溶解后过Ni柱纯化并稀释复性,根据药典对得到的rhEGF进行纯度及活性测定。结果:构建了rhEGF的表达载体pET-30a-rhEGF,表达出的蛋白主要存在于包涵体中,相对分子质量为6.5×10~3,包涵体经过纯化复性后获得的rhEGF纯度可达92.8%,生物活性约4.94×10~7IU/mg。结论:得到了具有较高活性的rhEGF。     

宁夏沙坡头干旱沙漠自然保护区生态系统稳定性评估

稳定性是生态系统的基本特征之一,也是决定生态系统兴亡的重要特征。宁夏中卫沙坡头国家级自然保护区是位于干旱沙漠区以荒漠为背景的自然保护区,具有脆弱性（生态与环境）、过渡性（草原向荒漠、沙漠向城市）与复合性（自然与人工生态系统并存）的特点,对其进行生态系统稳定性评估研究,对于维护腾格里沙漠西南缘生态安全和实现宁夏中卫市社会经济持续健康发展具有重要意义。在总结国内外生态系统稳定性评估研究基础上,基于稳定性三维内涵（恢复力稳定性、抵抗力稳定性和演替稳定性）、评估指标构建（原则与逻辑框架及指标体系）、评估方法确立（红绿灯综合评估法）等,针对性地开展沙坡头国家级自然保护区生态稳定性示范性评估,发现：1）近20年19个单项指标中,多数指标情况趋于变好,少部分进一步恶化,保持基本稳定仅两个。2）影响生态系统稳定性的要素由群落组成为主转变为以生境条件为主;2001年、2005年、2007年、2010年、2012年和2014年6个关键年份中,生态系统稳定性3个内涵对稳定性的贡献基本以抵抗力稳定性或恢复力稳定性为主。3）保护区整体生态稳定指数ESI由0.41增至0.661,稳定状态从临界到稳定,总体上保护区生态系统稳定性增强。这主要得益于长期的治沙防沙与生态修复工程实施、大规模推沙造林、各种生态监测和维护、大规模取黄河水灌溉等。     

收获率变化的单种群数学经济模型

本文对价格随市场供求变化的捕获问题建立了数学模型Ｎ＝ＮＦ（Ｎ）－Ｍ，Ｍ＝ＭＰ（Ｍ）－ＭＣ（Ｎ），其中Ｎ表示鱼群密度，Ｍ表示捕获量，讨论了模型奇点的性质，给出了模型存在唯一平衡点的条件和存在周期轨道的条件，研究了模型解的有界性、正奇点的稳定性、渐近稳定性和全局吸引性。     

Stabilization of a recombinant human epidermal growth factor parenteral formulation through freeze-drying

Development studies were performed to design a pharmaceutical composition that allows the stabilization of a parenteral rhEGF formulation in a lyophilized dosage form. Unannealed and annealed drying protocols were tested for excipients screening. Freeze-dry microscopy was used as criterion for excipients and formulation selection; as well as to define freeze-drying parameters. Excipients screening were evaluated through their effect on freeze-drying recovery and dried product stability at 50 °C by using a comprehensive set of analytical techniques assessing the chemical stability, protein conformation and bioactivity. The highest stability of rhEGF during freeze-drying was achieved by the addition of sucrose or trehalose. After storing the dried product at 50 °C, the highest stability was achieved by the addition of dextran, sucrose, trehalose or raffinose. The selected formulation mixture of sucrose and dextran could prevent protein degradation during the freeze-drying and delivery processes. The degradation rate assessed by RP-HPLC could decrease 100 times at 37 °C and 70 times at 50 °C in dried with respect to aqueous formulation. These results indicate that the freeze-dried formulation represents an appropriate technical solution for stabilizing rhEGF.     

A new approach for determining the stability of recombinant human epidermal growth factor by thermal Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy

Based on Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy, the conformation of rhEGF under the influence of pH, heat treatment, chaotropic salts, concentration of salt and protein structure perturbants was studied. The FTIR spectrum of rhEGF showed that major secondary structures from amide I bands composed of 40.6% beta-sheets, 25.0% reverse turns, 16.5% random coils, 13.0% loops and 4.9% side-chain structures. At extreme pH conditions (pH < 4 and pH > 8), there were changes in intensity of the bands attributed to loop (1658 cm(-1)) and random coil structures, and these bands shifted to lower wavenumbers, indicating changes in protein conformation. Thermal denaturation of rhEGF occurred at 40-76 degrees C and the formation of intermolecular beta-aggregates was revealed by the FTIR spectra. Thermal-irreversible property of rhEGF after second-heating treatment suggested that rhEGF has a poor thermal stability. While investigating the stability of rhEGF in the presence of chaotropic salts, anions induced protein unfolding of rhEGF more significantly than cations. The optimal stabilizing effect was found at the 2 M NaCl added to rhEGF, and expressed the structure of rhEGF more stable on the many components. The bands of loop structure (1654 cm(-1)), beta-sheet (1638 cm(-1)) and intermolecular antiparallel beta-aggregation formation (1694, 1619 and 1612 cm(-1)) seem to be "marked" to be more sensitive in determining environmental changes of rhEGF for FTIR microspectroscopy.     

Studies on decolorization process for rhEGF as cosmetic ingredient

A decolorization process using ion exchange chromatography was developed to refine rhEGF as a cosmetic ingredient. A macroreticular resin (D314) was selected, with respect to its high decolorization rate and recovery yield of rhEGF, and the operational conditions of the decolorization process optimized. The optimum conditions were as follows: the rhEGF effluent was ion exchanged at a flow rate of 60.0 mL/h, with an effluent pH 5.0, using a chromatographic column (i.d. 16mm) packed with D314, with a 7.5 cm in bed height. The decolorization process was carried out under the optimum conditions, and halted when the effluent volume reached 350 mL, giving a decolorization rate and recovery yield of rhEGF higher than 67 and 80%, respectively. When the decolorization rate exceeded 67%, the final product turned out to be white or light yellowish, which was to the satisfaction of the cosmetic standard.     

Recombinant human epidermal growth factor inclusion body solubilization and refolding at large scale using expanded-bed adsorption chromatography from Escherichia coli

Amongst the various endogenous growth factors, epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in normal wound healing of tissue such as skin, cornea and gastrointestinal tract. Various studies have proved that supplementing recombinant human EGF (rhEGF) results in significant augmentation of wound healing. In the present work, a high level expression system with poly-arginine sequences was used for the production of recombinant human EGF (rhEGF) as inclusion bodies. The inclusion bodies were solubilized and the protein was refolded by using expanded-bed adsorption chromatography. The renatured protein was digested with appropriate concentration of trypsin and subsequently the digested rhEGF is purified by passing through ion-exchange chromatography (Toyopearl-SP) to obtain a biologically active protein. This process is the shortest process with reduced number of steps of purification, eliminates the usage of preparative reversed phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) for final purification, which is an expensive technique. The purified protein was analyzed by RP-HPLC, showing a purity >99% and size exclusion chromatography profile shows that there are minimal aggregates, with 99% renatured active protein. The purified rhEGF showed a specific activity of 5 × 10⁵ IU/mg protein, in comparison with NIBSC standard (1st International Standard of rDNA-derived EGF, Code 91/530). The process has been successfully adopted at 100 L fermentation scale and the rhEGF based formulation has been commercialized with brand name REGEN D, with excellent clinical results.     

Repair effect of diabetic ulcers with recombinant human epidermal growth factor loaded by sustained-release microspheres

In this study the w/o/w extraction-evaporation technique was adopted to prepare poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loading recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). The microspheres were characterized for morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size distribution. The release performances, the proliferation effects and therapeutic effects of rhEGF-loaded PLGA microspheres were all studied. The results showed that these spherical microspheres had a narrow size distribution and a high drug encapsulation efficiency (85.6%). RhEGF-loaded microspheres enhanced the growth rate of fibroblasts and wound healing more efficiently than pure rhEGF. The number of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the epidermis layer with the microsphere treatment was significantly larger than those of the control groups. Overall locally sustained delivery of rhEGF from biodegradable PLGA microspheres may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic ulcer repair.     

A pH‐induced,intein‐mediated expression and purification of recombinant human epidermal growth factor in Escherichia coli

Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) is a cellular factor that promotes cell proliferation and has been widely used for the treatment of wounds, corneal injuries, and gastric ulcers. Recombinant hEGF (rhEGF) has previously been expressed using the pTWIN1 system with pH‐induced intein and a chitin‐binding domain. The rhEGF protein can be purified by chitin affinity chromatography because of the high affinity between the chitin‐binding domain fusion‐tag and the column. However, uncontrolled cleavage presents a major problem with this method. To overcome this problem, a novel purification method has been developed for a pH‐induced intein tag rhEGF that is expressed in Escherichia coli. Following purification by denaturation of inclusion bodies, the fusion protein is renatured and simultaneously induced to self‐cleave by dialysis. Further purification of rhEGF is achieved by heat treatment and ion‐exchange chromatography. Our results show that the purity of rhEGF obtained through this method is over 98% and the quantity of purified rhEGF is 248 mg from a 1 L culture or 2,967 mg from a 12 L culture. Therefore, we conclude that we have developed an efficient purification method of rhEGF, which may be used for the purification of other heat‐resistant and acid‐resistant recombinant proteins. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:758–764, 2015     

Repair effect of diabetic ulcers with recombinant human epidermal growth factor loaded by sustained-release microspheres

In this study the w/o/w extraction–evaporation technique was adopted to prepare poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loading recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). The micro-spheres were characterized for morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size distribution. The release performances, the proliferation effects and therapeutic effects of rhEGF-loaded PLGA microspheres were all studied. The results showed that these spherical micro-spheres had a narrow size distribution and a high drug encapsulation efficiency (85.6%). RhEGF-loaded microspheres enhanced the growth rate of fibroblasts and wound healing more efficiently than pure rhEGF. The number of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the epidermis layer with the mi-crosphere treatment was significantly larger than those of the control groups. Overall locally sustained delivery of rhEGF from biodegradable PLGA microspheres may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic ulcer repair.     

VSD联合金因肽治疗手足外科难愈性伤口的临床研究

目的:观察封闭式负压引流技术(VSD)联合金因肽治疗手足外科难愈性伤口的临床疗效,为临床联合运用提供依据。方法:86例手足外科难愈性伤口患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各43例,治疗组采用VSD联合金因肽治疗,对照组采用常规换药治疗,观察两组临床疗效和上皮化时间、愈合时间、创面愈合率、换药次数、伤口疼痛评分、住院费用差异。结果:治疗组总有效率90.70%;对照组总有效率72.09%;两组比较,有显著性差异(P0.05);治疗组上皮化时间、愈合时间、创面愈合率、换药次数、伤口疼痛评分、住院费用较对照组相比明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:VSD联合金因肽治疗手足外科难愈性伤口疗效确切,能更好促进损伤组织的修复,加速创面愈合,值得临床推广应用。     

转基因迷你番茄及其对酒精引起的胃伤害的保护作用

表皮生长因子(EGF)具有促进多种细胞增殖的作用, 尤其在维持消化道黏膜完整和促进消化道溃疡愈合方面作用巨大。以前的研究多集中在细菌和酵母中表达, 本研究试图以番茄作为生物反应器生产重组人 EGF, 使之成本降低, 应用方便。依据人 EGF 的基因序列, 设计合成了番茄密码子偏爱的人 EGF 基因, 并将其构建到植物表达载体 pCAMBIA2300 中, 通过农杆菌介导得到了含有人 EGF 基因的转基因番茄。放射免疫法检测到每克鲜重果实中的表达量达 3.48 ± 1.01 ng。将果汁灌喂小白鼠 15 天(相当于每鼠每天喂服 24 ng rhEGF)能显著抵抗酒精引起的胃溃疡形成, 溃疡指数由 42.20 ± 18.13 下降为 16.25 ± 9.57。     

重组人表皮生长因子凝胶联合赛肤润对慢性伤口患者疼痛评分及不良反应的影响

摘要 目的：探讨重组人表皮生长因子(Recombinant human epidermal growth factor,rhEGF)凝胶联合赛肤润对慢性伤口患者疗效及对疼痛评分与不良反应的影响。方法：2017年3月-2019年9月选择在本院进行诊治的胃肠外科术后慢性伤口患者108例,根据治疗方法分为联合组与对照组各54例。对照组给予赛肤润治疗,联合组在对照组治疗的基础上给予rhEGF凝胶治疗,两组都持续给药观察14 d,记录患者疼痛与不良反应情况。结果：联合组治疗第3 d、第7 d、第14 d的疼痛VAS评分都低于对照组(P<0.05)。联合组治疗期间的皮肤坏死、伤口感染、发热等不良反应发生率为3.7 %,低于对照18.5 %(P<0.05)。联合组治疗后第3 d伤口愈合率为83.3 %,高于对照组的59.3 %(P<0.05),治疗后第7 d、第14 d的联合组伤口愈合率稍高于对照组,对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组治疗后的血清血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)含量高于治疗前(P<0.05),联合组高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论：rhEGF凝胶联合赛肤润在慢性伤口患者的应用能促进缓解疼痛评分,减少不良反应的发生,促进VEGF的表达,从而加快伤口愈合。