贵州省两栖动物新记录种——武陵掌突蟾

2016年4—6月在贵州梵净山国家级自然保护区(108°46'8.07″E,27°50'56.77″N,海拔539 m)和雷公山国家级自然保护区(108°11'47.2″E,26°22'42.24″N,海拔1 687 m)采集到2号两栖动物标本。经形态特征比较,与武陵掌突蟾Leptobrachella wulingensis相似。基于线粒体16S rRNA基因构建的掌突蟾属Leptobrachella部分物种系统发育树显示,此次采集的标本与武陵掌突蟾聚为一支。基于Kimura双参数模型估算本次采集的标本与武陵掌突蟾模式产地标本间的遗传距离为1.6%,小于掌突蟾属物种间的遗传距离。综合形态学和系统发育比较,确定此次采集到的掌突蟾标本为无尾目Anura角蟾科Megophryidae掌突蟾属的武陵掌突蟾,系贵州省两栖动物新记录种。     

贵州省首次发现合江棘蛙

2010年7和8月,采用样带法于贵州省习水国家级自然保护区进行两栖动物资源调查,在三叉河片区(28°30′43.67″N,106°25′03.72″E,海拔1 087 m)采集到25只形态相似的两栖动物标本,经过鉴定,该标本为无尾目(Anura)叉舌蛙科(Dicroglossidae)棘胸蛙属(Quasipaa)的合江棘蛙(Q.robertingeri),系贵州省两栖动物新纪录。标本现保存于贵阳学院生态研究中心标本室。     

贵州桐梓发现大别山林蛙

2019年7月在贵州桐梓黄莲自然保护区(107°2'37.31″E,28°29'31.95″N,海拔1 666 m)采集到2号两栖动物标本,经形态特征比较,与大别山林蛙Rana dabieshanensis相似;基于线粒体16S rRNA构建的蛙属Rana部分物种贝叶斯系统发育树显示,此次采集的林蛙标本与大别山林蛙聚为一支,且具有较高的支持率(0.98);基于Kimura双参数模型估算,该标本与大别山林蛙模式产地标本间的遗传距离为0.6%～0.8%,远小于蛙属物种间的遗传距离。综合形态学和系统发育比较,确定此次采集到的标本为无尾目Anura蛙科Ranidae蛙属的大别山林蛙,系贵州省两栖动物分布新记录。     

广东省两栖动物一新纪录——小湍蛙

2009年6月,笔者在位于广东省信宜市的云开山自然保护区东坑附近山间溪流采得4号蛙类标本(22°15'08″N,111°11'00″E,933 m),经鉴定为小湍蛙Amolops torrentis,为广东省两栖动物新纪录种,标本保存于华南濒危动物研究所.     

内蒙古鸟类新纪录——鸥鸽

<正>2014年12月2日,笔者在内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟额济纳旗进行全国第二次陆生野生动物资源调查期间,于达拉呼布镇东北7 km(101°11'51″E,42°06'38″N,海拔917 m)的农田发现约100只欧鸽Columba oenas正在休息;12月3日距此处北3 km左右的引水渠(101°11'23.96″E,42°06'47.50″N,海拔921 m)发现约150只欧鸽,多数个体在取食、饮水,少数在飞翔。2017年3月21日—5月30日,笔者在达来呼布镇多处(101°0'55.17″E,42°04'18.05″N;101°10'27.28″E,41°59'3.29″N;101°09'54.72″E,     

贵州赤水发现峨眉角蟾

2019年5月18和19日,在贵州赤水桫椤国家级自然保护区金沙沟片区(28°26′12″N,105°59′52″E海拔465m)采集到8只两栖动物标本。形态上,这些标本与模式产地的峨眉角蟾(Megophrys omeimontis)相近。基于528 bp的16S rRNA基因片段构建最大似然系统发育树表明,本次采集的8只标本与峨眉角蟾模式产地标本聚在一起,其遗传距离远小于角蟾属其他物种之间的遗传距离。因此,结合分子系统学分析及形态学比较,确认这些标本为无尾目(Anura)角蟾科(Megophryidae)角蟾属的峨眉角蟾,系贵州省两栖动物分布新记录种。     

辽宁省蜥蜴类新纪录——山地麻蜥

<正>2013年8月6日~11日,作者在辽宁省凌源市进行野外调查,于大河北乡南刘杖子村田地边缘的山麓(40°48'02.3″N,118°54'11.4″E~40°48'09.5″N,118°54'11.6″E,海拔约693 m)采集到蜥蜴标本3号,另于居民住宅附近低矮丘陵顶部(40°48'02.5″N,118°54'02.9″E,海拔811 m)采集到蜥蜴标本1号。经鉴定为蜥蜴科Lacertidae麻蜥属Eremias山地麻蜥E.brenchleyi,为辽宁省蜥蜴新纪录。标本保存于沈阳师范大学两栖爬行动物研究所标本室,编号为SYNU13090016~SYNU13090019。     

湖南壶瓶山发现白喉针尾雨燕和乌嘴柳莺

正2013年9月13日,在湖南壶瓶山国家级自然保护区(以下简称壶瓶山保护区)壶瓶山主峰(30°06'53.2″N,110°47'14.7″E,海拔2 099 m),观察到2只白喉针尾雨燕(Hirundapus caudacutus)。2013年9月23日、24日,先后又在顶坪瞭望塔上(30°02'57.6″N,110°31'22.6″E,海拔1832 m)、神景洞碑垭(30°03'34.9″N,110°31'22.6″E,海拔1711 m)共观察到8只白喉针尾雨燕。白喉针尾雨燕在中国主要分布于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、河北、青海、西藏、四川、贵州、云南以及台湾(赵     

山东省鸟类新纪录——斑姬啄木鸟

<正>2015年7月,在山东省泰安市桃花源景区进行野外鸟类调查时,在环山路小溪流旁茂密的松树林中(117°3'18.96″E,36°16'37.41″N,海拔510 m)发现一只体长约100 mm的小型啄木鸟;同年11月,在泰安市黑龙潭山脚处的柏树林中(117°06'5.39″E,36°12'40.49″N,海拔356 m)用相机拍到了该种鸟。经鉴定,该鸟为斑姬啄木鸟Picumnus innominatus(约翰·     

陕西汉中发现小鸦鹃和乌鹃

正2015年6月21日,在陕西省汉中市汉台区汉江桥闸北桥头(33°04'90.13″N,107°06'74.23″E,海拔500 m)发现并拍摄到小鸦鹃Centropus bengalensis,发现时仅1只个体,但在该地活动时间超过1周。2015年9月17日,在汉中市汉台区天爷庙巷(33°07'57.22″N,107°01'52.33″E,海拔500 m)发现并拍摄到1只乌鹃Surniculus dicruroides。两者均为鹃形目Cuculiformes鸟     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV