人源CDC50基因的分子克隆及在E.coli中的表达

糖皮质激素受体 (GR)为一种特异性配体诱导的转录因子在机体发育、生理及行为等过程中发挥重要作用 .这一过程往往受到转录协同调节因子的控制 ,包括协同抑制因子或协同激活因子的作用 .克隆了人源双跨膜受体分子 ,并命名为hCDC5 0 .该分子编码区有 10 5 6bp ,与鼠源基因mCDC5 0在核苷酸水平有 90 %一致性 .将hCDC5 0蛋白的 16 4～ 317编码序列与GST融合构建原核表达质粒进行重组蛋白的表达与纯化并制备多抗 .用二维双向扩散检测抗体为阳性 ,抗原的滴度为12 5 μg/ml.体外翻译研究显示该基因编码蛋白约为 4 0kD ,与Western检测在动物细胞中的表达一致 .用hCDC5 0真核表达质粒与GR萤光报告系统共转染COS 7细胞显示 ,hCDC5 0对GR信号转导有明显的抑制作用 ,其对GR信号通路的抑制作用达 3～ 4倍以上 .hCDC5 0可能为一个新的协同抑制因子 ,在抑制GR的转录激活过程中起作用     

干扰素诱导蛋白P56与糖皮质激素受体的相互作用及对其转录活性的影响

糖皮质激素受体（GR）在严重创伤早期及全身性炎症反应中具有重要作用,为寻找与GR相互作用的新的蛋白质,以期调节GR的功能活性,应用酵母双杂交技术,以糖皮质激素受体配体结合区（GR-LBD）为诱饵蛋白,在人骨髓cDNA文库中筛选到42个阳性克隆.测序结果表明,其中一个克隆为干扰素诱导蛋白P56的大部分编码序列（221～1 642 bp,编码第53位至第478位氨基酸）.利用酵母双杂交实验再次验证P56与GR具有结合作用.并用PCR方法从酵母质粒中扩增出P56片段,进行GST-P56原核融合蛋白表达与纯化,及真核表达与免疫共沉淀.蛋白质结合实验表明,P56与GR-LBD在体内外有结合作用.CAT报告基因检测表明P56抑制GR的转录激活能力.     

小麦TaNAC5基因克隆及表达分析

NAC转录因子在植物对非生物逆境胁迫的应答过程中发挥着重要作用。该研究利用RACE技术从小麦中克隆了1个NAC基因TaNAC5(HQ650113.1)。序列分析显示,TaNAC5基因开放阅读框(ORF)924bp,编码307个氨基酸。多序列比对和进化树分析显示,TaNAC5基因所编码的蛋白具有NAC家族蛋白的保守结构域,与玉米ZmNAC5有较近的亲缘关系。实时荧光定量PCR分析显示,TaNAC5基因的表达显著受渗透胁迫、低温胁迫、乙烯和双氧水诱导,而受高盐胁迫和ABA抑制。研究表明,TaNAC5参与非生物逆境胁迫及相关信号分子的应答。     

核定位信号筛选系统的构建

建立了一酵母克隆系统用于克隆含核定位信号 (NLS)的蛋白质的基因 .用表达转录因子GAL4 DNA结合域 - p53(GAL4- DBD- p53)融合蛋白的质粒转化酵母 HF7c,使 GAL4- DBD- p53可结合于报告基因的启动子但因无转录激活域而不能激活转录 .构建一酵母穿梭载体 ,可表达无NLS的 GAL4转录激活域 -大 T抗原 (GAL4- AD- LT)融合蛋白 .融合蛋白基因的下游插入一多克隆位点 .将 c DNA文库插入多克隆位点后 ,如果 c DNA片段可编码 NLS,则 GAL4- AD- LT分子可进入细胞核 ,并通过 LT与 p53的相互作用而使 GAL4- AD结合于启动子和激活报告基因的转录 .构建了这一克隆系统的各质粒 ,并用绿色荧光蛋白 (GFP)验证了其对核内蛋白和胞浆蛋白的甄别能力 .这一系统将有助于从 c DNA文库中筛选编码带有 NLS的蛋白质的基因     

逆境胁迫对油菜谷胱甘肽还原酶基因表达及其酶活性的影响

利用cDNA末端快速分离(RACE)技术从陇油6号油菜中克隆得到一个新的谷胱甘肽还原酶基因GR2,全长2073 bp,开放阅读框1692 bp,编码563个氨基酸,预测蛋白质分子量为60.7 kDa,等电点7.9.实时荧光定量PCR分析表明:GR2基因在油菜根、茎、叶中均有表达,其中在叶中表达量最高.GR1和GR2基因的转录以及谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)活性受到低温、高温、干旱、高盐胁迫的诱导,表明油菜谷胱甘肽还原酶在抵御低温、高温、干旱、高盐胁迫过程中发挥重要作用.脱落酸(ABA)预处理后再进行上述胁迫处理,与单独上述胁迫相比,GR1和GR2基因的转录以及GR活性水平明显上升,表明ABA可以诱导GR1和GR2基因表达和GR酶活性.MAPKK抑制剂U0126预处理后再进行上述胁迫处理,与单独上述胁迫相比,GR1和GR2基因的转录以及GR活性水平明显下降,表明U0126对GR1、GR2基因表达以及GR酶活性有抑制作用.     

抑癌基因Mig-6与肿瘤

有丝分裂诱导基因6(MIG-6)基因位于含有肿瘤抑制基因的染色体区域（1p36）,其编码蛋白质可作为骨架衔接蛋白发挥调节胞内信号转导的作用.在细胞内,MIG-6基因在生长因子、激素以及各种压力刺激作用下,能增加其蛋白质的表达量,进而通过其不同的功能片段（CRIB区域、脯氨酸丰富区、14-3-3蛋白结合区和ERB结合区）,与各信号通路中受体本身或其下游信号分子相互作用,发挥激活或抑制信号通路作用.MIG-6可受到转录、转录后、翻译后和表观遗传水平的表达调控,使其表达增加或降解.在多种肿瘤细胞中,MIG-6表达量都显著下降. MIG 6的过量表达能降低EGFR等相关信号通路的活性,抑制肿瘤细胞的生长增殖,因此MIG-6具有肿瘤抑制作用.相反,MIG-6表达缺失则会加速癌症的发生发展.     

葡萄风信子MaHY5基因的克隆与表达分析

HY5(ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5)是促进植物光形态建成过程中非常重要的转录因子。该研究以亚美尼亚葡萄风信子(Muscari armeniacum)为材料,克隆出1个bZIP型转录因子基因MaHY5(GenBank 登录号MK281355)。生物信息学分析显示,MaHY5基因开放阅读框为438 bp,编码145个氨基酸,蛋白质分子量约为16.1 kD,理论等电点为9.78,含有一个保守的bZIP特征结构域;MaHY5蛋白属于亲水性蛋白,无信号肽结构,属于非分泌蛋白,可能定位于细胞核。序列比对和进化树分析表明,HY5在进化过程中高度保守。实时荧光定量PCR和高效液相色谱检测分析表明,MaHY5基因的表达与花青素积累模式基本协同,都在花中优势表达,且在完全开放的花朵中表达较高。 推测MaHY5基因可能参与了葡萄风信子花色素积累过程。     

甘蓝型油菜热激转录因子的克隆及表达分析

以甘蓝型纯系油菜为试材,用RT-PCR和RACE方法首次从油菜种子中获得油菜热激转录因子的cDNA全长序列,命名为BnHSFA4a,GenBank登录号为HQ435241。结果表明:该cDNA长1 667bp,编码1个具有389aa的蛋白质,该基因编码的氨基酸序列与拟南芥热激转录因子AtHSFA4a编码的氨基酸序列间相似度为82%。对34条编码不同热激转录因子的氨基酸序列进行多重比对,结果在100～190aa处序列间氨基酸总相似性超过60%,显示出较高的保守性。构建原核表达载体并成功表达出预期蛋白。半定量RT-PCR结果显示,该基因的表达先于油菜肌醇半乳糖苷合成酶(BnGOLS1)基因,符合该基因调控BnGOLS1的假设。推测AtHSFA4a基因可能通过调控BnGOLS1的表达量进而在油菜种子脱水耐性获得过程中发挥一定的作用。     

人促甲状腺素受体膜外区蛋白在原核系统表达及其生物活性鉴定

为研究重组人促甲状腺素受体 (hTSHR)膜外区表达产物及其生物活性与免疫活性 ,将hT SHR膜外区编码基因 (编码第 3～ 4 2 0位氨基酸 )重组到表达型质粒pGEX 4T 3上 ,测序结果表明序列正确 ,未改变读码框架 .然后转入E .coliAd4 94进行诱导表达 .纯化后的表达产物经SDS PAGE、Western印迹及放射受体法分别检测其分子量、免疫活性和生物活性 .重组TSHR3～ 4 2 0 膜外区蛋白 (简称TSHR3～ 4 2 0 )产率为 15 9～ 2 0 2 μg L培养基 ,分子量为 4 8.9kD ;融合蛋白 (简称GST TSHR3～ 4 2 0 )分子量为 75 .4kD .两种表达产物都可与TSHRAb反应 ;TSHR3～ 4 2 0 可与12 5I TSH结合 .     

JAB1与糖皮质激素受体的相互作用及对其转录活性的影响

应用酵母双杂交方法筛选到与糖皮质激素受体(GR)结合的蛋白JAB1,进一步验证JAB1与GR的结合作用并证明其对GR的影响.构建与Gal4-BD融合表达的载体pGBKT7-GR LBD,与构建于pACT2载体上的人骨髓cDNA文库杂交,在SD/-Ade/-His/-Leu/-Trp选择培养板上培养,经X-α-gal检测,阳性克隆片段插入pGEM^®-T Vector 载体,测序,再经酵母双杂交和GST pull down蛋白质结合实验验证其结合作用,应用反映GR转录活性的CAT报告基因检测JAB1对GR的调节活性.结果在人骨髓cDNA文库中,筛选到42个X-α-gal检测变蓝且含有pACT2质粒序列的克隆,其中有5个克隆的序列皆为Jun活性区结合蛋白JAB1的一部分.酵母双杂交和蛋白质结合实验表明,JAB1与COS7真核表达的GR-LBD在体外有结合作用.JAB1加强GR转录激活的能力.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.