青海高原牛羊双腔吸虫病病原生物学的初步调查

不文报道在青海高原对牛羊双腔吸虫病病原生物学初步调查的结果。从29个流行地区绵羊收集的标本检查结果,发现有四种双腔吸虫,它们是中华双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium chinensis)、矛形双腔吸虫(D.lanceatum)、客双腔吸虫(D.hospes)和枝双腔吸虫(D.dendriticum)。从三个流行区检查Helicella candacharica及Cathaica przewalskii二种陆地蜗牛,查到四种双腔吸虫成熟尾蚴,它们是中华双腔吸虫、矛形双腔吸虫及二种未定名的双腔吸虫尾蚴,此二种尾蚴是何种双腔吸虫尾蚴,尚待进一步研究。检查流行区中7种蚂蚁是于9月份从乐都的Formica gagates查到双腔吸虫囊蚴,其形态与中华双腔吸虫囊蚴十分相像。     

新疆白杨沟绵羊矛形双腔吸虫的研究

寄生在牛羊肝脏的双腔吸虫在国内各农牧区中形成流行区的有中华双腔吸虫(Dicr-ocoelium chinemis Tang et Tang,1978)、矛形双腔吸虫(D. lanceatum Stiles et Hassall,1896)及扁体矛形双腔吸虫亚种(D. lanceatum platynosomum Tang et al., 1980)它们在国内分布及危害情况曾有介绍(唐崇惕等,1980)。矛形双腔吸虫在国内有很大的分布区,也曾有人体病例报道。本吸虫的生活史虽已经阐明(Noller,1928;Voget,1929;Neu-     

青海高原二种双腔吸虫尾蚴腺体组织化学的比较观察

本文报道应用组织化学反应方法观察了青海高原中华双腔吸虫尾蚴及暂称为“B”型双腔尾蚴(可能是枝双腔尾蚴)二种单细胞腺体的组化成分及其生理功能。大单细胞腺体12—13对,内含丰富的碳水化合物——蛋白质复合物象粘蛋白之类物质,及酸性粘多糖。小单细胞腺3对,含结合氨基的蛋白质及甲性糖蛋白。二种双腔吸虫在贝类宿主体内子胞蚴及尾蚴组化威分很相似但从尾蚴粘液腺的结构可以区分二虫种。中华双腔吸虫粘球内包绕在尾蚴体外的粘液含丰富的粘蛋白。双腔吸虫幼虫期组化成分与阔盘吸虫相应的幼虫期进行了比较。     

我国牛羊双腔类吸虫的继续研究:Ⅲ.三种双腔吸虫后蚴在异常昆虫宿主蚂蚁体内的发育

内蒙科尔沁草原的中华双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium chinensis Tang et Tang,1978)其第二中间宿主是黑玉蚂蚁(Formica gagates),而山东滨州地区的矛形双腔吸虫(D.lanceatum Rud.,1803)和枝双腔吸虫(D.dendriticum Rud.,1819)的蚂蚁宿主是中华蚂蚁(Formica sinica)。作者用中华双腔吸虫的黏球感染山东的中华蚂蚁,同时用矛形双腔和枝双腔的黏球分别感染内蒙的黑玉蚂蚁。本文报道此试验中不同蚂蚁种类和各虫种后蚴间所产生的不同反应情况,及矛形双腔和枝双腔在后蚴各发育期的形态差异。     

我国牛羊双腔类吸虫的继续研究：Ⅲ三种双腔吸虫后蚴在异常昆虫宿主…

内蒙科尔沁草原的中华双腔吸虫（Ｄｉｃｒｏｃｏｅｌｉｕｍ ｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｔａｎｇ ｅｔ Ｔａｎｇ,１９７８）其第二中间宿主是黑玉蚂蚁（Ｆｏｒｍｉｃａ ｇａｇａｔｅｓ）,而山东滨州地区的矛形双腔吸虫（Ｄ．ｌａｎｃｅａｔｕｍ Ｒｕｄ．,１８０３）和枝双腔吸虫（Ｄ．ｄｅｎｄｒｉｔｉｃｕｍ Ｒｕｄ．,１８１９）的蚂蚁宿主是中华蚂蚁（Ｆｏｒｍｉｃａ ｓｉｎｉｃａ）。作者用中华双腔吸虫的黏球感染山东的中华     

中华双腔吸虫与胰阔盘吸虫成虫体表亚显微结构的观察比较

国内外有关双腔科Dicrocoeliidae吸虫亚显徽结构资料均较少见。最近作者从数种双腔吸虫尾蚴的扫描电镜观察,表明它们相似但又具有明显的差别(唐崇惕等,1984)。本文进而对该科的中华双腔吸虫和胰阔盘吸虫成虫体表亚显微结构进行观察报告如下:     

广东鸟类鴞形类吸虫的研究 Ⅱ.鴞形科(吸虫纲)吸虫,包括一新属三新种的描述

鴞形科(Strigeidae Railliet,1919)吸虫在分类学上属于吸虫纲,复殖目(Digenea),前口亚目(Prosostomata),全盘类(Holostomes)。本科吸虫的主要特征是体分前后两部,前体(fore-body)呈杯状或囊状,后体(hind-body)圆锥形或圆柱形。前体为附着器官,具有口吸盘、腹吸盘及粘器(adhesive organ),粘器作舌状或分叶状。 鴞形科吸虫根据寄主的种类以及口吸盘与消化道的有无,可分为三个亚科,即(1)Strigeinae亚科,成虫寄生于鸟类,具有口及消化道;(2)Bolbocephalodinae亚科,成虫寄生于鸟类,缺口及消化道;(3)Duboisiellinae亚科,成虫寄生于哺乳动物。在鴞形亚科(Strigeinae)中又可分为两个族:凡卵黄腺局限于后休的鴞形吸虫,隶属于Cotylurini族;凡     

牛、羊二种阔盘吸虫及矛形双腔吸虫的流行病学及生物学的研究

一、前言 双腔科某些吸虫是对牛、羊、猪、骆驼等家畜危害严重的一类寄生虫,例如寄生在胰脏的各种阔盘吸虫(Eurytrema Looss,1907)及寄生在肝脏的矛形双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium lanceatum Stiles et Hassall,1896)。前者分布全国各地,许多牛、羊群因此寄生虫病而大批死亡;后者主要分布在我国从东北到西北的各牧区中,在羊肝脏中寄生的虫体数量是以千、万来计算,严重地影响畜牧业生产。阔盘吸虫像矛形双腔吸虫一样,不仅是牲畜的重要寄生虫病的病原,而且也都能感染人体致病(图版Ⅰ图1),国内外病例常见不鲜(张月     

广东鸟类鴞形类吸虫的研究 Ⅰ.双穴科(吸虫纲)的吸虫,包括一新属三新种的描述

鴞形类吸虫(Strigeids)属吸虫纲,复殖目,前口亚目。本类吸虫可分为前体与后体二部,前体为附着器官,具有口腹吸盘和黏器(adhesive organ);后体包含雌雄生殖器官,阴袋付缺,生殖腔开口于末端或亚末端。成虫寄生在哺乳动物、鸟类及爬行动物的肠道内。就文献记载,已发现的虫种,达300种以上,分属于五个科。在国内报告者有:Faust(1929)、陈心陶(1934)、唐仲璋(1936)、吴光(1937)氏等先后报告的咽口属(Pharyngos-     

长尾蚴吸虫幼虫在菲律宾蛤仔的寄生部位及其组织化学的研究

本文报道长尾蚴吸虫幼虫在菲律宾蛤仔的寄生部位及其组织化学的研究,长尾蚴吸虫幼虫主要寄生于哈仔的生殖腺组织中,仅少部分进入生殖腺附近的消化腺,鳃等。受感染严重的蛤仔,其生殖腺的滤泡等组织被虫体占满并被耗尽,长尾蚴吸虫子胞蚴的胞壁及尾蚴的皮导主要含碱性蛋白质和粘蛋白,子胞蚴的胚球,尾蚴的吸盘,生殖原基,单细胞腺体主要ＤＮＡ阳性物质,排泄囊含丰富的碱性蛋白质;尾蚴体的中部含有呈颗粒团的粘蛋白和抗淀粉酶的     

中华双腔吸虫精子的超微结构

利用透射电镜技术,研究了中华双腔吸虫的精子结构,探讨了它与其他复殖吸虫间的异同。结果表明：本种的成熟精子为细线状,共分为头部,中部和尾部具两根并生的,结构为９＋１的轴丝。细胞核的致密程度有区域上的变化,细胞质较多,电子密度高,具一个线粒体,在单轴丝区域未观察到异常二联管及外周微管。     

中华双腔吸虫精子发生的超微结构研究

应用透射电镜技术,研究中华双腔吸虫的精子发生,并与其它复殖吸虫进行比较,提出了复殖吸虫精子发生的一般过程,结果显示它与大多数复殖吸虫精子发生的超微结构相似,原始的精原细胞经过次有丝分裂,两次减数分裂成为精细胞,它经过分化,形态变化后成为成熟精子,精子形成共分为六个阶段。其中形成共分为六个阶段,其中有以下首次报道的特征,（１）中央胞持区的生长速度在开始时比鞭毛裂快;（２）在鞭毛与中央胞质区融合前,线     

内蒙东部地区绵羊中华双腔吸虫生物学和流行病学的研究

中华双腔吸虫(Dicrocoelium chinensis Tang et Tang,1978)的生活史虽经研究,但本吸虫在第二中间宿主及终末宿主体内发育的情况尚未经阐明(唐崇惕等,1980).内蒙科右前旗附近数个旗县是本吸虫的流行区,1980—1981年我们在那里进行本项工作,从     

Analysis of an expressed sequence tag library from Dicrocoelium dentriticum

Dicrocoeliosis caused by Dicrocoelium dendriticum is an important liver disease, which affects ruminants all around the world. Despite the significant economic losses caused by this trematode, molecular knowledge is very scarce. In fact, there is no information in the expressed sequence tag (EST) database about the parasite. Furthermore, the immunological diagnosis of dicrocoeliosis remains unsatisfactory, and there aren’t available recombinant proteins that could be tested in the diagnosis. For this reason a cDNA library was constructed with mRNA extracted from D. dendriticum adults for first time. A random preliminary screening of 230 phage plaques from the library resulted in the identification of 173 new EST. The deduced proteins expressed by these genes have been described as possible vaccine targets in other trematodes, and/or as relevant diagnosis antigens. Then, our goal was to identify D. dentriticum diagnosis genes to be used as recombinant antigens in the specific immunological diagnosis of the trematodoses. A D. dendriticum cDNA encoding an 8-kDa recombinant protein has been cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and evaluated in dicrocoeliosis diagnosis using both Western Blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The recombinant expression molecule has demonstrated its value as a diagnosis antigen of dicrocoeliosis, able to discriminate between positive and controls on day 30 post infection. This is the first research conducted for identification and characterization of D. dendriticum ESTs, which can serve as a starting point for future research on immunodiagnosis and immunoprofilaxis of dicrocoeliosis.     

Field efficacy of two netobimin oral suspensions (5% and 15%) in sheep naturally infected with Dicrocoelium dendriticum

This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of two suspensions (5% and 15%) of netobimin against Dicrocoelium dendriticum in naturally infected sheep. Fifteen Merino sheep, 4 to 7 years old, were used in this survey. Animals were divided into three equal groups each of five sheep on the basis of bodyweights and D. dendriticum egg counts in per gram faeces. Group A and group B sheep were treated orally with 5% and 15% suspension of netobimin, respectively; both at a dose rate of 20 mg kg⁻¹. Group C sheep were left untreated as controls. Twenty-one days post-treatment all sheep were slaughtered for post-mortem examination. All D. dendriticum from the liver and gall bladder were recovered and counted. The results showed that the efficacy of 5% and 15% suspension of netobimin was 90.80% and 91.50%, respectively, and the use of 15% suspension in sheep is discussed.     

Invasion of black-tailed deer by nose bot fly larvae (Diptera: Oestridae: Oestrinae)

Invasion of black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) by larvae of the nose bot flies (Cephenemyia apicata and C. jellisoni) was investigated by obssrving their expulsion by larviparous females and their subsequent activity on the host. The drying uterine fluid encasing larvae ( = larval packet) delays desiccation, ensures adhesion to hairs, and immediately dissolves upon contact with saliva. Contrary to the widely accepted nasal mode of invasion, larvae placed on muzzles of deer crawl ventrally toward the upper lip, enter the mouth, and then crawl caudally along the hard palate or tongue toward the throat. Hair located between the muzzle and nostril prevents larvae from entering the nostrils. A natural per os mode of invasion, heretofore unrecognized, is proposed. This is initiated by: (1) females depositing larval packets on the muzzle of deer, or (2) deer licking larval packets from contaminated areas around the muzzle. The positive thermotropism of larvae is compatible with such a per os mode of entry into the host.     

Infections of Larval Stages of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in Brown Garden Snail,Helix aspersa,in Turkey

The aim of this study was to determine the presence and prevalence of larval stages of Dicrocoelium dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in the first intermediate host, a species of land snail, Helix aspersa, in Turkey. A total of 211 snails were collected in April-May 2014 from pastures in Mersin District. Larval stages of D. dendriticum were identified under a light microscope. Hepatopancreas from naturally infected H. aspersa snails were examined histologically. The prevalence of larval stages of D. dendriticum and Brachylaima sp. in H. aspersa snails was found to be 2.4% and 1.9%, respectively, in Mersin, Turkey. Cercariae were not matured in sporocysts at the beginning of April; however, it was observed that cercariae matured and started to leave sporocysts by early-May. Thus, it was concluded that H. aspersa acts as an intermediate host to D. dendriticumin and Brachylaima sp. in Mersin, Turkey. A digenean trematode Brachylaima sp. was seen for the first time in Turkey.     

沙门菌CWDMs乳酸脱氢酶同功酶的观察

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法检测伤寒杆菌和甲型副伤寒杆菌的ＣＷＤＭｓ及其宁代细菌型和伤寒杆菌粗糙型的乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）同功酶,以了解沙门菌ＣＷＤＭｓ生物氧化的特点和机制,探讨ＣＷＤＭｓ变异的性质。结果表明,伤寒杆菌和甲型副伤寒杆菌的细菌型及伤寒杆粗糙型在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳后显示出相同的４种具有不同泳动速率的ＬＤＨ同功酶,但ＣＷＤＭｓ仅显示２种ＬＤＨ。ＣＷＤＭｓ的２种ＬＤＨ同功酶与其亲代细菌型及伤寒杆