重组人βNGF在大肠杆菌中的可溶表达、纯化及活性鉴定

旨在大肠杆菌中可溶表达重组人神经生长因子(Recombinant humanβnerve growth factor,rhβNGF),并对表达产物进行分离纯化和生物学活性鉴定。成功扩增h NGFβ亚基基因,将其克隆入pMAL-c2X表达载体,构建了hβNGF-MBP的大肠杆菌表达体系并进行诱导表达,表达产物经纯化后以Factor Xa酶切去除麦牙糖结合蛋白(MBP),Western blot鉴定后以TF-1细胞法检测生物学活性。结果显示,pMAL-c2X-hβNGF经酶切和测序证实构建正确,25℃、180 r/min、0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导下可溶表达hβNGF-MBP融合蛋白。hβNGF-MBP经Factor Xa酶切后可去除MBP标签,SDS-PAGE分析纯化的hβNGF位于13 k D左右,纯度可达95%。Western blot鉴定为hβNGF,结果表明,比活约为1×10~6 U/mg。在大肠杆菌中成功可溶表达hβNGF,并具有较高的生物学活性。     

虎血清免疫球蛋白（IgG）的纯化及纯度、活性鉴定

目的 建立高纯度、高活性的虎血清IgG纯化方法。方法 用饱和硫酸铵沉淀虎血清得到IgG粗品;结合Hitrap Protein A亲和层析预装柱及阴离子交换层析法对粗品IgG进一步分离纯化,采用PAGE电泳和Western-Blot免疫印迹法鉴定IgG纯度和免疫活性。结果 80 mL虎血清亲和纯化得到84 mg IgG,阴离子交换层析纯化得到30 mg虎的IgG纯品。结论 建立了简便快速、纯度高、活性好的虎血清IgG的分离纯化方法,为虎血清IgG二级抗体的制备提供了高纯度、活性好的一级抗体免疫原。     

拟南芥SHORT-ROOT基因稀有密码子分析及其在原核细胞中的表达和纯化

目的:在大肠杆菌中重组表达拟南芥SHORT-ROOT(SHR)蛋白并纯化。方法:将SHR基因编码区克隆至p GEX-4T-2表达载体,构建重组质粒p GEX-4T-2-SHR并转化大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3),表达产物经谷胱甘肽亲和层析凝胶4B分离纯化,SDS-PAGE分析和Western印迹鉴定。结果:SHR融合蛋白在大肠杆菌Rosetta(DE3)中获得表达,亲和纯化后,SDS-PAGE显示相对分子质量为预期的86×103,且经Western印迹确证。结论:获得了拟南芥SHR融合蛋白,为进一步研究其生物学功能奠定了基础。     

重组人β-干扰素的表达、纯化与鉴定

经 1 5L发酵罐制备重组人β 干扰素 (recombinanthumanIFN β,rhIFN β)。以免疫亲和层析方法纯化发酵液中rhIFN β并与蓝谱亲和层析纯化法比较 ,探索快速高效纯化rhIFN β的方法。以ELISA测定rhIFN β含量及经免疫亲和层析纯化的rhIFN β中鼠IgG残留量 ;以PAGE法鉴定rhIFN β的分子量 ;以CPEI法测定rhIFN β的生物活性。取 2L发酵液经免疫亲和层析纯化后 ,得到 3.0 3mgrhIFN β ;经蓝谱亲和层析纯化后 ,得到2 .6 5mg ;分子量为 2 2kD ;沉淀带灰度值分别为 96 .2 %和 95 .1 % ;CPEI比活性分别为 1 .4 3× 1 0 7IU/mg和 1 .6 3× 1 0 7IU/mg ;经免疫亲和层析后纯化物中鼠IgG残留量小于 5 0 μg/L。实验结果表明 ,所采用的免疫亲和层析和蓝谱亲和层析均可快速高效地从酵母菌发酵上清液中分离纯化rhIFN β基因产物     

转基因玉米中植酸酶蛋白免疫亲和纯化体系的建立

为深入研究转基因玉米所表达的植酸酶蛋白的酶学性质,评价重组蛋白的致敏性和饲用安全性,必须获得高纯度植酸酶蛋白.利用识别4个不同表位的单克隆抗体制备了植酸酶蛋白亲和层析体系.结果显示,通过80％硫酸铵沉淀植酸酶蛋白粗提液初步浓缩目的蛋白后,再经过透析去除高浓度盐离子,进而通过免疫亲和层析可获得在SDS-PAGE胶上条带单一的植酸酶蛋白,比活可达470.99 U/mg.同时,将上述免疫亲和层析法对植酸酶的纯化效果与离子交换层析方法进行了对比,结果表明免疫亲和层析法具有稳定、快速和纯化产物比活高等优势,所获得的目的蛋白满足各种检测要求,优于离子交换层析方法.     

源于纤维单胞菌的聚阿拉伯糖内切酶的分离纯化

目的:分离纯化一种由纤维单胞菌属(Cellulomonose sp.)的细菌发酵产生的具有聚阿拉伯糖内切酶的性质的蛋白酶。方法:用薄板层析法(TLC)分离酶促反应的产物-寡糖,以Quanti-Scan软件计算薄板上条带的面积灰度值,以此定量,计算酶活力。用Bradford法测定蛋白含量。通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换层析,SephacrylS-300分子筛和Blue-Dye活性染料亲和层析三种手段串联,对粗酶进行分离纯化,用SDS-PAGE测定纯度,SDS-PAGE和凝胶层析测定相对分子质量。结果:分离得到了电泳纯的阿拉伯糖内切酶,该酶的相对分子质量为45kD,蛋白酶比活性为15.42×10(3U/ug),纯化倍数为77.1。结论:该酶是一种阿拉伯糖内切酶,可以作为一种新型的工具酶,应用于结核分枝杆菌细胞壁的结构分析及寻找抗结核药物作用的靶点。     

硫氧还蛋白抗体柱的制备

目的:探索硫氧还蛋白(Trx)抗体柱对Trx融合蛋白纯化的可行性。方法与结果:对含有Trx基因的质粒表达载体pTrxFus进行改造,在Trx读框之后加入6×His序列,并在大肠杆菌中表达C端带有6×His标签的Trx,经Ni2+柱亲和纯化后制备多克隆抗体;把经蛋白A纯化后的抗体偶联在溴化氰活化的琼脂糖凝胶上,制成Trx抗体柱;用此抗体柱纯化与Trx融合表达的豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI),SDS-PAGE结果显示获得了纯度较高的Trx-CpTI。结论:用Trx抗体制成的免疫亲和层析柱可以有效纯化Trx融合蛋白。     

金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A (SpA) Z结构域串联体的克隆、表达和筛选

筛选一种高效重组金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A(SpA)用于制备抗体纯化亲和介质。首先通过基因操作获得金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A(SpA)的Z结构域单体、二串体、三串体、四串体和五串体基因,将目的基因分别克隆至pET-22b表达载体并转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)感受态细胞,获得不同串联个数的Z结构域基因工程菌,经诱导表达和Ni2+亲和层析纯化得到Z结构域单体和二-五串体蛋白。纯化后的目的蛋白偶联至琼脂糖凝胶作为亲和层析介质,对人免疫球蛋白G(IgG)进行分离纯化。分析比较Z结构域串联体蛋白产量及其偶联的亲和介质对抗体吸附载量的差异。结果表明,构建的Z结构域单体、二串体、三串体、四串体和五串体基因工程菌能有效表达目的蛋白,制备的凝胶亲和介质可特异性吸附人IgG。增加Z结构域串联数,重组蛋白产量和单位摩尔数多聚体蛋白吸附载量获得提高,其中,重组四串体蛋白产量大(160 mg/10 g湿菌体),对抗体的吸附载量高(34.4 mg人IgG/mL胶),更适合作为配基用于亲和层析介质的制备。     

眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子抑制肝星状细胞增殖并诱导其凋亡

目的:从眼镜蛇毒中分离纯化神经生长因子(Nerve Growth Factor,NGF),观察眼镜NGF对肝星状细胞HSC-T6增殖、凋亡活性的影响,进一步为蛇毒NGF在抗肝纤维化治疗提供依据。方法:采用shephadex G-75和CM Sepharose CL-6B二步柱色谱对眼镜蛇毒NGF进行纯化分离;PC12细胞测定各洗脱峰的活性,再用SDS-PAGE鉴定具有NGF活性洗脱峰的纯度和相对分子质量。实验设立空白对照和NGF处理组,分别作用于HSC-T6,培育相应时间,MTT检测眼镜蛇毒NGF对HSC-T6细胞活力影响;HE染色、紫外激光显微镜与透射电镜观察HSC-T6细胞的形态学变化;TUNEL、流式细胞技术检测眼镜蛇毒NGF对HSC-T6细胞凋亡的影响。结果:眼镜蛇毒经PC-12细胞鉴定第Ⅵ峰具有NGF活性;SDS-PAGE检测为电泳纯,相对分子质量为22.3KD;NGF对HSC-T6细胞增殖具有明显抑制作用(2μg/ml NGF的抑制率为49.66%±6.50%,P<0.05;6.25μg/ml NGF的抑制率为71.33%±1.53%,P<0.05);TUNEL法检测发现NGF干预组的凋亡率28.71%±1.59%(2ug/ml NGF)和34.4%±2.49%(5μg/mlNGF)明显高于对照组的15.85%±1.58%(P<0.05);流式细胞仪也有同样的发现,NGF干预组的凋亡率16.12%±3.02%(2 ug/mlNGF)和21.15%±3.31%(5μg/ml NGF)明显高于对照组的2.7%±1.55%(P<0.05)。结论:眼镜蛇毒NGF能抑制肝星状细胞HSC-T6增殖并诱导其凋亡。     

广西眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子分离纯化方法

为了得到更高纯度和活性的广西眼镜蛇毒神经生长因子(never growth factor,NGF),我们对原有的分离纯化方法进行改进。采用DEAE CL-6B离子交换柱、Sephadex G-50凝胶层析柱、Macro-prep High S离子交换柱结合的方法进行分离。在分离纯化过程中,采用PC12细胞检验每一步所得结果中的NGF活性,并测定NGF诱导PC12细胞分化的最小浓度。经DEAE CL-6B离子交换柱、Sephadex G-50凝胶层析柱、Macro-prep High S离子交换柱分离纯化后,得到的第二峰具有NGF活性,并且已达到电泳纯。经PC12细胞验证后,确定NGF诱导PC12细胞分化的最小浓度为0.1μg/m L。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.