活性炭柱层析法分离姜黄素

利用７５％的乙醇从姜黄原料中提取姜黄素,提取率９１．３７％;提取液直接流经活性炭层析柱后测得活性炭的对姜黄素的吸附容量约为８％;分别利用碱性水、碱性乙醇和碱性丙酮洗脱被吸附的姜黄色素,发现碱性丙酮的洗脱效明显优于其余两种洗脱剂（Ｐ〈０．０１）;最终的结果显示,色素的产品率为２．３６％,产品纯度９２．３３％,色素总收率７９．６２％。     

大孔吸附树脂纯化亚麻木酚素

以纯化亚麻木酚素粗品为目的,比较了X-5、D101和AB-8三种大孔吸附树脂对木酚素的吸附性能,筛选出X-5大孔树脂最合适。通过动态吸附、解吸实验确定了上样浓度与上样量。在上样浓度10 mg/m L,上样量25 m L时分离效果最佳。同时,重点考察了梯度洗脱和等度洗脱两种解吸方式对木酚素产品纯度和收率的影响。等度洗脱采用30%乙醇水溶液,木酚素纯度可达85.49%,收率为57.59%;采用60%乙醇水溶液洗脱,木酚素纯度为59.30%,收率最高为75.05%。梯度洗脱可得到不同纯度产品,过程总收率为77.63%。     

吸附层析分离麻黄生物碱的过程优化

研究了用吸附层析取代现有的二甲苯萃取麻黄生物碱的工艺,重点考察了洗脱剂和操作条件对产品纯度和回收率的影响,发现在树脂吸附后的洗脱中,0．08M草酸的洗脱率最高,达99．3％,纯化倍数大于20;在操作条件中,进料量、pH和料液在层析柱中的停留时间影响最大：进料量增大导致纯度和收率的下降,树脂的动态吸附容量为27．5mg／mL树脂;停留时间在20rain时纯度较高,而洗脱率随停留时间减少却略有下降;pH=10时吸附性能较好。     

吸附树脂AB—8对甘草酸的吸附性能及其在提取纯化中的应用

考察了大孔吸附树脂AB-8对甘草酸的吸附性能和原液浓度pH值、流速、洗脱剂的种类对树脂吸附性能的影响。结果表明,AB-8树脂对甘草酸吸附量高,易于洗脱,分离效果较好,回收率较一般方法高,达70％～80％,纯度达90％以上。     

大孔吸附树脂对海边月见草总黄酮的吸附及解吸特性

通过比较3种大孔吸附树脂对海边月见草(O enothera littaralisSchlect.)总黄酮的吸附能力,选择了吸附量较大且易洗脱的树脂AB-8,研究了提取液浓度、pH值对该树脂静态吸附能力的影响,以及洗脱剂种类、乙醇浓度对动态解吸能力的影响。结果表明,AB-8树脂对海边月见草总黄酮有良好的吸附纯化性能,当原液浓度为1.076mg.mL-1时,树脂达饱和吸附量36.11 mg.g-1;提取液pH值对该树脂的吸附能力影响显著,pH值达4.0~4.5时树脂吸附量最大;用60%乙醇为洗脱剂,流速为1 mL.m in-1,总黄酮的动态洗脱率达83.41%,获得的总黄酮纯度为24.13%,得率3.54%;而30%乙醇(6倍柱床体积)和50%乙醇(6倍柱床体积)组合是最佳动态洗脱剂。     

HZ-841吸附树脂精制银杏叶总黄酮

本文研究了用HZ-841吸附树脂精制银杏叶总黄酮的工艺。用10 BV 70％的乙醇分三次提取脱脂银杏叶粉中的银杏叶总黄酮,其收得率为4．8％,纯度为21．7％;用30BV纯净水、微波解冻提取30min,银杏叶总黄酮的收得率及纯度分别是2．63％和13．4％。HZ-841树脂对银杏叶总黄酮的动态吸附容量在pH=7．0时为0．265g／mL,树脂,动态吸附平衡时间为10min。酸度对HZ-841树脂吸附银杏叶总黄酮有显著影响,当pH=5．0时,其静态吸附量可达到0．322g／mL。吸附了银杏叶总黄酮的HZ-841树脂可用乙醇洗脱,当洗脱液pH=9．0、乙醇浓度为90％、洗脱流速3BV／h时,5BV洗脱液的收得率为1．8％。用无水乙醇洗脱的银杏叶总黄酮经过真空浓缩、干燥,获得的浅黄色粉末中银杏叶总黄酮含量为37．3％,产品收得率为2．41％。     

AB-8大孔树脂吸附分离红花桑寄生总黄酮的影响因子研究

AB-8大孔吸附树脂对红花桑寄生总黄酮静态吸附和动态洗脱的效果,受提取液质量浓度、pH值及环境温度、振速以及洗脱剂乙醇浓度、流速等因素影响。试验表明,提取液质量浓度和pH值对AB-8树脂的吸附效果有显著影响,其吸附分离总黄酮的工艺条件为:浓度为1.2~2.0 mg/ml、pH 3.0~4.0的红花桑寄生提取液,置于摇床上,于室温条件下振荡(振速160 r/min)吸附2~3 h,然后用5倍于树脂体积(5BV)的50%乙醇以1.5 ml/min流速进行柱上动态解吸。AB-8树脂对红花桑寄生总黄酮的饱和吸附量可达29.0 mg/g,动态洗脱率达95.0%,获得产品中黄酮纯度为46.0%,得率为5.5%。     

离子交换树脂纯化还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)的研究

研究005×7阳离子交换树脂分离纯化谷胱甘肽(GSH)的工艺条件。考察了005×7阳离子交换树脂对GSH的静态吸附量,洗脱时铵离子浓度、洗脱流速等对分离纯化产品GSH的影响。根据试验结果确定最佳工艺条件为:最适上柱pH为3.0,洗脱流速为:2.4ml/min,洗脱液为0.5mol/L的NH4Cl溶液;收集洗脱液,浓缩,乙醇沉淀,真空冷冻干燥,用高效液相色谱检测产品GSH,所得GSH纯度为60.8%,GSH的平均收得率为61.3%。说明此分离纯化GSH工艺可行。     

吸附柱层析法制备纯化茶多酚中EGCG单体

以茶多酚为原料,采用吸附树脂柱层析法制备表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)单体。考察树脂对儿茶素的吸附容量、吸附率、解吸率及吸附选择因数,选择LX-8树脂初步纯化后采用HP-20树脂二次纯化。经LX-8两步柱层析,1.5 BV/h流速洗脱,25%乙醇洗脱组分上柱后经40%乙醇洗脱5 BV可得到纯度为73.06%的EGCG产品。以20 mg/mL浓度的LX-8柱40%乙醇产品上HP-20柱,1.5 BV/h洗脱,5%乙醇洗3 BV,15%乙醇洗6 BV,80%乙醇洗3 BV后,可制得纯度为93.16%,总收率为49.50%的EGCG产品。     

阳荷根乙醇提取物的生物活性研究

为测定阳荷Zingiber striolatum根75%乙醇粗提物及其不同浓度乙醇梯度洗脱所得样品的体外抗氧化、抑硝化、抗肝癌等生物活性,采用清除体外DPPH、ABTS自由基两种方法考察抗氧化活性;用体外清除亚硝酸盐和阻断亚硝胺合成两种方法比较抑硝化能力;用MTT方法比较其对人肝癌细胞株HepG2和SMMC7721肝癌细胞的相对存活率。结果显示,不同乙醇浓度梯度洗脱所得样品的抗氧化活性整体上比总的75%乙醇粗提物活性好。ZC-Ⅱ(75%乙醇粗提物用25%乙醇洗脱的样品)抑硝化效果最好,清除亚硝酸盐和阻断亚硝胺合成的IC50值分别为8.198 mg·mL^-1、1.270 mg·mL^-1。ZC-Ⅴ(75%乙醇粗提物用95%乙醇洗脱的样品)的抗肝癌效果达到95.6%,并存在剂量依赖效果。证实不同乙醇浓度洗脱所得样品的生物活性高于总粗提物活性,且生物活性部位主要集中在小极性部位。     

Strategy for a protein purification design using C-phycocyanin extract

A variety of techniques have been developed for the separation and recovery of proteins. The cost of purifying the product is frequently determined by the desired quality of the final product, which is evaluated by measuring the purity. In this work the design of a protein purification process for C-phycocyanin, a phycobiliprotein that can be used in the food and medical industries, was established. The study evaluated the use of ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration to purify C-phycocyanin in a variety of sequences. The final design included the C-phycocyanin extraction step, precipitation with ammonium sulfate and ion exchange chromatography. When the elution step was studied, the kind of elution and pH were considered in order to obtain a product with a final purity of 4.0 with a purification factor of 6.35, so that, at the end of the strategy, C-phycocyanin of analytical grade would be obtained.     

Process for the Stereoselective Biotransformation of Acetoacetic Acid Esters Using Yeasts

A process for the stereospecific reduction of acetoacetic acid esters to the 3-(S)-hydroxy-butanoic acid esters by the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis grown on glucose and ethanol media was developed. A continuous single stage steady state production system was found to be superior to pulse-, batch- and fed-batch systems in terms of optical product purity, biomass concentration and production rates.

Optical purity of 3-(S)-hydroxybutanoic acid esters produced with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis was dependent on pH. A maximal optical purity was obtained at pH2.2 from S. cerevisiae growing on ethanol medium. The specific product formation rate of the chemostat cultures was 0.02…0.05 gg^?1 h^?1. C. utilis was more productive than S. cerevisiae but it reconsumed the product under carbon limited growth conditions.     

疏水层析结合冷乙醇沉淀纯化人血清白蛋白

将层析技术与冷乙醇工艺相结合用于人血清白蛋白的纯化 ,对各过程所采用的层析介质及层析条件进行了探索 ,得到了一条从人血浆中制备血清白蛋白的新路线 :将一步冷乙醇沉淀后的血浆上清进行脱盐除乙醇 ,用阳离子交换介质CMSepharoseFF以透过式层析的模式吸附非白蛋白组分 ,最后选用ButylSepharoseFF一步疏水层析后所得样品经SDS-PAGE银染显示一条单带 ,分析其纯度大于 99% ,计算工艺收率为 81.2%。与传统冷乙醇工艺相比较 ,该工艺最终样品纯度更高 ,且层析可以在常温下操作 ,易实现自动化控制.     

pH-Uncontrolled lactic acid fermentation with activated carbon as an adsorbent

In this paper, we presented a novel process involving activated carbon (AC) as an adsorbent for lactic acid fermentation, separation and oligomerization. It was found that pH has a significant effect on the adsorption of lactic acid on AC. The use of AC for in situ removal of lactic acid successfully decreased the inhibitory effect of lactic acid, resulting in significant increases in both productivity and yield. Acetone was used to desorb lactic acid and it was confirmed that the acetone treatment did not decrease the optical purity of the lactic acid, i.e., the optical purity was as high as 99.5% after desorption. Due to the presence of little materials influencing lactic acid oligomerization, oligomers with an optical purity of above 96% and a weight-average molecular weight (M(w)) of 2400 were obtained in the oligomerization process.     

Recovery of Protective Activity in Rabies Virus Vaccines Concentrated and Purified by Four Different Methods

Rabies vaccines concentrated by ultrafiltration, zinc acetate precipitation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, or aluminum phosphate gel adsorption were compared with respect to recovery of protective activity and purity, as measured by protective activity per mg of protein. Vaccine obtained by ammonium sulfate precipitation had a better recovery rate and a higher purity than those prepared by the other methods. Potent vaccines were also obtained by the zinc acetate precipitation and aluminum phosphate gel adsorption methods, whereas ultrafiltration was the least satisfactory method from the standpoint of vaccine purity. Chromatography of virus concentrated by ultrafiltration on a cellulose ion exchange column reduced the level of nonviral proteins. The protective activity data obtained for the vaccines examined in these experiments were found to correlate with the vaccine's complement fixation titer per mg of protein.     

舟山近海水样环境DNA获取方法的建立

以曼氏无针乌贼(Sepiella japonica)为研究对象, 通过绝对定量技术建立和优化了舟山近海高浊度水样环境DNA(Environmental DNA, eDNA)的获取方法。研究结果如下: (1)同体积水样采用乙醇沉淀法获得的eDNA产量是滤膜抽滤法的1.76—2.53 倍, 但在实际应用中由于受到采样体积、处理方式、配套设备的限制, 乙醇沉淀法难以发挥出优势; (2)滤网对泥沙等杂质无过滤作用, 添加滤网并不能过滤掉泥沙及增加抽滤体积; (3)滤膜孔径的大小对少量水样的eDNA产量有很大影响, 但对大体积水样eDNA的产量无影响; (4)水样静置处理有可能会增大eDNA产量, 但也有可能会增大eDNA结果的波动性, 使生物量评估结果误差较大; (5)阳离子表面活性剂对eDNA降解有明显的抑制作用; (6)去膜法效果优于碎膜法, 建议使用去膜法进行eDNA消化, 使用时增加离心时间; (7)酚抽除沙法虽然不能提高eDNA产量, 但能明显提高产物纯度。研究首次建立了舟山近海水样大生物eDNA最适获取方法, 为相似水域的水样采集及eDNA提取提供了借鉴参考。     

Development and optimization of fractional precipitation for the pre-purification of (+)-dihydromyricetin

A novel fractional precipitation process, both simple and efficient, was developed for producing (+)-dihydromyricetin in high purity and high yield from crude extracts. The optimal acetone composition in water, initial (+)-dihydromyricetin concentration in crude extract, storage temperature, storage time, and pH were 1/5 (v/v), 0.1 g/mL, 4°C, 32 h, and 9.0, respectively. Crude extracts were efficiently pre-purified using fractional precipitation of (+)-dihydromyricetin by differences of solubility in an acetone solution, increasing purity from 55.0 to over 84.9% with an overall yield of 97.5%. The use of fractional precipitation for pre-purification allowed for rapid and efficient separation of (+)-dihydromyricetin from interfering compounds and dramatically increased the purity of crude (+)-dihydromyricetin for subsequent purification steps.     

山楂中熊果酸的提取及其对小鼠的降血脂作用

建立用乙醇抽提 沉淀吸附法提取山楂中熊果酸的工艺,并探讨山楂熊果酸对高脂血症小鼠的降血脂作用。先用乙醇反复浸提山楂匀浆得到粗品,再用D型大孔树脂二次提纯得精品,经鉴定纯度后将其制成颗粒为纳米级的乳浊液备用。采用高脂乳剂灌胃小白鼠建立高脂模型,观察两种给药途径下三个剂量水平的熊果酸对模型小鼠血清指标胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、HDL(高密度脂蛋白)、LDL(低密度脂蛋白)的影响。结果显示熊果酸经鉴定纯度达98%,三个剂量熊果酸能降低TC、TG指数。结论是熊果酸提取工艺可靠,熊果酸对高脂血症小鼠有一定的降脂作用。