血清降钙素原水平对血流感染患者病原菌的诊断价值

探讨血清降钙素原(PCT)水平对不同病原菌血流感染的诊断价值。选取2015年7月~2016年7月我院收治的血培养阳性的血流感染患者77例,其中革兰氏阳性菌感染41例(53.25%),革兰氏阴性菌感染36例(46.75%)。检测患者的PCT水平,绘制ROC曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC)。革兰氏阳性菌组的血清PCT水平明显低于革兰氏阴性菌组,(0.62±0.17)ng/m L vs(12.87±3.43)ng/m L,差异具有统计学意义(t=2.193,p0.05);血清PCT区分革兰氏阳性和阴性菌的诊断价值较高(ACU=0.759),最佳阈值为4.45 ng/L。当血清PCT水平4.45 ng/L时诊断革兰氏阴性菌感染的敏感度、特异度和准确度分别为80.34%、86.91%、88.14%,阳性预测值92.1%,阴性预测值84.9%。在革兰氏阴性菌中,大肠埃希菌组的血清PCT水平明显高于鲍氏不动杆菌组,鲍氏不动杆菌组明显高于肺炎克雷伯菌组,差异具有统计学意义(p0.05);在革兰氏阳性菌中,金黄色葡萄球菌组的血清PCT水平明显高于肠球菌属组,肠球菌属组明显高于酿脓链球菌组,差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。不同病原菌血流感染患者的血清PCT水平存在差异,血清PCT水平对早期区分革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌感染具有较高的诊断价值。     

血清C反应蛋白、正五聚蛋白-3对小儿肺动脉高压的诊断价值

目的:研究血清C反应蛋白(CRP)和正五聚蛋白-3(PTX-3)在小儿肺动脉高压(PAH)诊断中的临床价值。方法:选择32例PAH患儿及32例健康小儿,检测和比较其血清CRP、PTX-3水平,分析血清CRP、PTX-3水平的相关性,通过绘制ROC曲线评价其对于PAH的诊断价值。结果:PAH组血清CRP水平(29.63±15.82 mg/L)、PTX-3水平(1.20±1.03 ng/m L)与对照组[CRP水平(3.38±1.74 mg/L)、PTX-3水平(0.64±0.43 ng/m L)]相比均显著升高(P0.01)。血清CRP与PTX-3的相关系数r为0.356(P0.05)。血清CRP诊断PAH的ROC曲线AUC为0.983,临界点为6.6 mg/L;PTX-3诊断PAH的ROC曲线AUC为0.669,临界点为0.95ng/m L;两者联合诊断的AUC为0.986,临界点为1.01。结论:PAH患儿血清PTX-3和CRP水平均显著升高,CRP大于PTX对PAH的诊断价值,两者联合诊断的价值更大。     

sTREM-1、PCT在社区获得性肺炎早期诊断中的价值

目的:探讨可溶性髓系细胞触发受体-1(soluble triggeringreceptorexpressed on myeloidcells-1,sTREM-1)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)在社区获得性肺炎(community-acquired pneumonia,CAP)早期诊断中的价值。方法:选择48例CAP住院患者(其中重症肺炎8例)和病毒性上呼吸道感染患者20例,所有病例均在入院后24小时内取血清,采用酶联免疫测定法(ELISA法)测定其血清sTREM-1、PCT水平,并应用受试者工作特征曲线(receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC曲线)分析二者对CAP的诊断价值。结果:入院后24小时内,普通肺炎患者、重症肺炎患者血清sTREM-1、PCT水平均明显高于对照组,且重症肺炎组明显高于普通肺炎组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.01)。二者诊断CAP的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.884、0.788,联合二者诊断CAP的ROC曲线下面积为0.921。结论:sTREM-1、PCT均可作为CAP早期诊断有价值的参考标志物,sTREM-1比PCT更有参考价值,联合检测血清sTREM-1、PCT水平对CAP的早期诊断价值高于单一指标。     

血清降钙素原在小儿早期中枢神经系统感染鉴别诊断中的价值

目的研究细菌性脑膜炎和病毒性脑炎患儿血清降钙素原（PCT）水平的变化,探讨其在小儿早期中枢神经系统感染鉴别诊断中的价值。方法采用双抗夹心免疫发光测量法,检测78例早期中枢神经系统感染患儿的血清及脑脊液降钙素原水平,分析它们之间的相关性;并和脑脊液白细胞数、血白细胞数、血清C反应蛋白相对比;PCT阳性细菌性脑膜炎患儿使用抗生素治疗后再测定血清PCT。结果33例急性细菌性脑膜炎患儿的血清降钙素原浓度为（18．46±9．18）ng／mL,45例急性病毒性脑炎的血清降钙素原水平轻度升高（0．58±0．31）ng／mL,P〈0．01,两者相比较差异有统计学意义。细菌性脑膜炎组患儿血清PCT在经过抗生素治疗后较入院时明显下降,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。并且在细菌组急性期脑脊液PCT与血清PCT存在正相直线相关性。结论血清降钙素原检测在小儿早期中枢神经系统感染鉴别诊断中有重要应用价值。     

血清PCT联合血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测对自身免疫性疾病合并侵袭性肺真菌病的诊断价值

目的探讨血清降钙素(PCT)联合血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测对自身免疫性疾病(AID)合并侵袭性肺真菌病的诊断价值。方法选取医院收治的AID合并侵袭性肺真菌感染患者45例作为病例组,选取同收治的AID患者50例作为对照组,检测两组血清PCT和血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖水平,利用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价血清PCT和血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖对自身免疫性疾病合并侵袭性肺真菌病的诊断价值。结果病例组血清PCT联合血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);绘制ROC曲线,血清PCT的诊断截点为0.05ng/mL,AUC为0.713,血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖诊断截点为20ng/mL,AUC为0.851,两者联合诊断的AUC为0.936。两者联合诊断AID合并侵袭性肺真菌病的准确性、敏感性、特异性分别为92.63%、93.33%、92.0%,显著高于血清PCT检测的72.63%、72.63%、76.0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两者联合诊断的准确高于血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖诊断的81.05%(P0.05),其余比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血清PCT联合血浆1,3-β-D-葡聚糖检测对AID合并侵袭性肺真菌病有较好的诊断效能。     

降钙素原指导AECOPD抗菌药物使用与停用的临床研究

目的:通过对照研究探讨血清降钙素原(Procalcitonin,PCT)水平用于判断慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(Acute exacerbations of chronic obetructive pulmonarydisease,AECOPD)使用和终止抗菌药物治疗时机的可行性。方法:120例AECOPD住院患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组60例。实验组在入院后24小时内采血进行血清PCT检查,当实验组患者血清PCT0.5 ng/m L时使用抗菌药物治疗,且PCT0.5 ng/m L的患者使用抗菌药物后予以隔日采血检查血清PCT水平,如果PCT0.5 ng/m L或者下降超过峰值的80%时就停止使用抗菌药物;对照组则根据患者的临床症状、体征及医生临床判断决定使用和停用抗菌药物时机。结果:共118例患者完成临床试验。实验组患者的抗菌药物使用天数和住院天数明显低于对照组;实验组患者的住院总费用显著低于对照组(P0.01);两组AECOPD复发率无差异(P0.05)。结论:PCT可能是判断AECOPD抗菌药物治疗使用与终止时机的良好指征,此方法不仅可以提高疗效,还可以减少抗菌药物的滥用,降低患者医疗费用减轻经济负担,具有临床可行性。     

血清PCT、hs-CRP及PA在老年肺部感染患者中的临床诊断价值

探讨血清中PCT、hs-CRP及PA联合检测诊断老年肺部感染的临床价值。选取2015年1月至2017年1月本院收治的150例老年肺部感染患者,根据病情分为重症感染组70例和一般感染组80例,选取同期健康老年人80例作为对照组,通过检测各组老年人血清中降钙素原(PCT)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及前白蛋白(PA)水平,并采用ROC曲线分析这三种指标的联合检测对老年人肺部感染诊断的价值。结果显示,治疗前,重症感染组的PCT、hs-CRP水平明显高于一般感染组和对照组(p0.05),重症感染组的PA水平则明显低于一般感染组和对照组(p0.05);一般感染组的PCT、hs-CRP水平明显高于对照组(p0.05),一般感染组的PA水平则明显低于对照组(p0.05);治疗2周后,重症感染组的PCT、hs-CRP水平明显高于一般感染组和对照组(p0.05),重症感染组的PA水平显著低于一般感染组和对照组(p0.05)。根据ROC曲线分析,老年重症肺部感染组PCT、hs-CRP及PA的AUC分别为0.849、0.784和0.761,其中PCT的鉴别效果最好,当OOP为2.5 ng/m L时,对应的灵敏度为83.16%、特异度为87.41%。本研究表明老年肺部感染患者血清中PCT、hs-CRP是明显增高的,而PA水平则明显降低,联合检测血清中PCT、hs-CRP及PA的水平对于老年肺部感染患者的鉴别诊断具有一定的临床价值,其中PCT的诊断价值更高。     

血清PCT、CRP及内毒素在细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症患者中的早期诊断价值

目的:探究血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及内毒素在革兰阳性(G+)杆菌与革兰阴性(G-)球菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者中的早期诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2010年5月~2015年5月期间我院收治确诊的细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症患者123例,测定其血清PCT、CRP及内毒素水平,通过受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)曲线探究三者对细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症的评估价值。结果:血样培养结果显示,35例患者感染G+菌,88例患者感染G-菌;G-菌组患者血清PCT、CRP及内毒素水平均显著高于G+菌组(P0.05);且G+菌组、G-菌组及所有细菌组患者血清PCT、CRP、内毒素间均呈正相关关系(P0.05);ROC曲线显示,血清PCT、CRP和内毒素诊断G+菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者的截断值分别为1.58μg/L、95.25 mg/L与16.71ng/L,其灵敏度和特异度别为(65.92%,88.37%)、(67.39%,84.38%)与(56.34%,78.93%),诊断G-菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者的截断值分别为2.45μg/L、79.45 mg/L与15.54 ng/L,其灵敏度和特异度别为(78.73%,97.13%)、(68.89%,92.38%)与(65.39%,95.33%)。结论:检测血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平有利于鉴别G-菌和G+菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者,且敏感度、特异度均较高,可用于早期诊断细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症。     

血清PCT、CRP与sTREM-1在肺癌患者术后肺部感染中表达及其诊断价值分析

目的:探究血清降钙素原(PCT)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)与可溶性人髓系细胞触发受体-1(sTREM-1)在肺癌患者术后肺部感染中表达及其诊断价值。方法:选择2016年2月至2019年10月期间在我院行肺癌根治术的420例肺癌患者作为研究对象,根据术后患者是否发生肺部感染进一步划分为380例未感染组和40例感染组。感染组根据治疗结局进一步划分为29例治疗好转亚组与11例未好转亚组。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组的血清PCT、CRP与s TREM-1水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清PCT、CRP和s TREM-1对肺癌患者术后肺部感染的预测价值。结果:与未感染组相比,感染组手术后血清PCT、CRP和s TREM-1水平均明显升高(P0.05)。与治疗好转亚组相比较,治疗未好转亚组手术后以及感染后血清PCT、CRP和s TREM-1水平均明显升高(P0.05)。ROC曲线显示,PCT的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.713,最佳截断值为1.23 ng/mL,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.81、0.79,准确度为0.82;CRP的AUC为0.752,最佳截断值为36.07 mg/L,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.83、0.81,准确度为0.83;s TREM-1的AUC为0.792,最佳截断值为20.58 pg/mL,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.86、0.84,准确度为0.85;PCT、CRP联合s TREM-1预测肺癌患者术后肺部感染的AUC为0.884,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.89、0.91,准确度为0.92。结论:肺癌根治术后肺部感染发生与患者血清PCT、CRP和s TREM-1水平相关,早期联合检测血清PCT、CRP和s TREM-1有助于预测肺癌根治术患者肺部感染发生风险,在肺癌根治术后肺部感染的预测和诊断中具有一定临床价值。     

血清PCT、CRP及内毒素在细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症患者中的早期诊断价值

目的:探究血清降钙素原(PCT)、C反应蛋白(CRP)及内毒素在细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症患者中的早期诊断价值。方法:回顾性分析2010年5月~2015年5月期间我院收治确诊的细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症患者123例,测定其血清PCT、CRP及内毒素水平,通过受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)曲线探究三者对细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症的诊断价值。结果:血样培养结果显示,123例细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症患者中存在感染G+菌35例,感染G-菌88例;G+菌组的血清PCT、CRP及内毒素水平明显低于G-菌组(P0.05);且G+菌组、G-菌组及所有细菌组患者三指标两两间均呈正相关关系(P0.05);ROC曲线显示,血清PCT、CRP和内毒素预测G+菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者的临界值分别为1.58μg/L、95.25 mg/L与16.71 ng/L,其灵敏度和特异度别为(65.92%,88.37%)、(67.39%,84.38%)与(56.34%,78.93%),预测G-菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者的临界值分别为2.45μg/L、79.45mg/L与15.54 ng/L,其灵敏度和特异度别为(78.73%,97.13%)、(68.89%,92.38%)与(65.39%,95.33%)。结论:检测血清PCT、CRP、内毒素水平有利于鉴别G-菌和G+菌血流感染所致脓毒症患者,且敏感度、特异度均较高,可用于早期诊断细菌性血流感染所致脓毒症。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.