健康体检人群幽门螺杆菌感染的影响因素分析及其与胃蛋白酶原和颈动脉粥样硬化的关系研究

摘要 目的：分析健康体检人群幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的影响因素,并进一步探讨健康体检人群Hp感染与胃蛋白酶原（PG）和颈动脉粥样硬化（CAS）的关系。方法：选取2021年3月～2022年3月在我院体检的146例接受Hp筛查的健康体检者,根据碳13尿素呼气试验结果分为Hp阳性组（n=62）和Hp阴性组（n=84）。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析健康体检人群Hp感染的影响因素,比较两组血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ水平和CAS比例。Spearman相关系数分析Hp阳性组DOB值与血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、PGⅠ/PGⅡ和颈动脉内中膜厚度（CIMT）的相关性。结果：单因素分析显示,与Hp阴性组比较,Hp阳性组年龄更大,家族Hp感染史、吸烟、饮酒、饮食口味辛辣、经常摄入腌制食品、共用餐具比例更高,经常喝茶、经常摄入水果/蔬菜比例更低（均P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄增加、家族Hp感染史、吸烟、饮食口味辛辣、经常摄入腌制食品、共用餐具为健康体检人群Hp感染的独立危险因素,经常喝茶、经常摄入水果/蔬菜为独立保护因素（均P＜0.05）。Hp阳性组血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ水平和CAS比例高于Hp阴性组,PGⅠ/PGⅡ低于Hp阴性组（均P＜0.05）。Spearman相关系数显示,Hp阳性组DOB值与血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ和CIMT呈正相关,与PGⅠ/PGⅡ呈负相关。结论：年龄增加、家族Hp感染史、吸烟、饮食口味辛辣、经常摄入腌制食品、共用餐具是健康体检人群Hp感染的危险因素,而经常喝茶、经常摄入水果/蔬菜为健康体检人群Hp感染的保护因素,Hp感染与血清PG水平变化和CAS密切相关。     

健康体检人群幽门螺杆菌感染的影响因素分析及对糖脂代谢和血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ和G-17的影响

摘要 目的：分析健康体检人群幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的影响因素,并探讨Hp感染对糖脂代谢和血清胃蛋白酶原Ⅰ（PGⅠ）、胃蛋白酶原Ⅱ（PGⅡ）和胃泌素17（G-17）的影响。方法：选择2017年1月~2019年12月期间在我院进行Hp检查的117例健康体检者进行问卷调查,分析其Hp感染情况,并应用多因素Logistic回归分析健康体检人群Hp感染的影响因素。将体检者分为Hp阳性组和Hp阴性组,对比两组血糖、血脂指标以及血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G-17水平。结果：117例受试体检者中Hp阳性49例,阳性率为41.88%,其中男性感染率为50.85%（30/59）,显著高于女性感染率的32.76%（19/58）（x²=10.537,P=0.001）。不同年龄体检者Hp阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。不同学历体检者Hp阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,饮酒、经常喝生水、经常在外就餐、经常吃辛辣食物、有家人Hp感染史是健康体检人群Hp感染的危险因素（P＜0.05）。Hp阳性组的空腹血糖（FPG）、甘油三脂（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）水平均高于Hp阴性组,而高密度脂蛋白（HDL-C）水平则低于Hp阴性组（P＜0.05）。Hp阳性组的血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G-17水平均高于Hp阴性组（P＜0.05）。结论：饮酒、经常喝生水、经常在外就餐、经常吃辛辣食物、有家人Hp感染史是健康体检人群Hp感染的危险因素,糖脂代谢及血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ、G-17水平变化与Hp感染有关。     

北方军人消化性溃疡流行病学调查

目的：了解消化性溃疡（PU）在我军区部队中的发病情况以及相关危险因素,为进一步预防和治疗研究提供基础。方法：通过整群抽样的方法,运用统一的自填问卷,调查研究对象PU的发病情况和暴露因素以及其它影响因素。结果：军人PU相关症状发生率（Sc≥5）为8.41%（618/7345,95%CI=7.77%~9.03%）。多因素分析发现,兵龄、消化性溃疡的家族史、NSAID用药史、精神紧张、脾气易怒与PU症状积分（Sc≥5）发生率显著相关,其他因素（年龄、BMI、文化程度、出生地、吸烟、饮酒、刺激食物、饮食规律）与PU症状的发生率未见明显关系。结论：北方部队PU症状的发生率低于南方部队,兵龄、消化性溃疡的家族史、NSAID用药史、精神紧张、脾气易怒可能是军人消化性溃疡的危险因素。     

阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的相关危险因素研究

目的:比较由阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的相关危险因素OR值,探讨其引起消化道大出血的相关机制。方法:收集哈医大四院消化内科及心内科2009年5月份至2013年6月份仅口服阿司匹林一种非甾体抗炎药的100例患者,用药过程中引发上消化道出血的49例患者作为研究组,其余未发生消化道出血的51例患者作为对照组,采集现病史、既往史、吸烟史、行凝血常规、Hp检测及胃镜检查,经单因素统计分析筛选出阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的危险因素;通过多元Logistic回归分析得出阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的独立危险因素。结果:年龄60岁、Hp感染、既往溃疡病史、糖尿病、吸烟的患者在研究组所占比例明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义;经多元Logistic回归后表明年龄60岁、Hp感染、既往溃疡病史、糖尿病患者和阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的OR值具有统计学差异。结论:年龄60岁、Hp感染、溃疡病史、糖尿病患者是阿司匹林引发上消化道出血的4个独立危险因素。     

结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素及和幽门螺杆菌感染的相关性分析

目的:分析结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素及和幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的相关性。方法:选择我院2018年6月～2018年12月收治的180例结肠腺瘤患者,同时选择我院接受结肠镜检查无异常者152例作为对照组。收集和比较两组患者的一般资料,采用14C尿氮呼气试验检测Hp的感染情况,多因素Logistic回归分析结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素。结果:多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示男性、年龄、体质指数24 kg/m~2、腹型肥胖、饮酒、吸烟、喜食红肉、喜食果蔬、高脂血症、糖尿病、粪便隐血阳性、肿瘤家族史及Hp阳性是结肠腺瘤发生的危险因素,喜食果蔬为其发生的保护因素。HP阳性率组腺瘤1 cm、腺瘤数目多发、左结肠率高于Hp阴性组(P0.05);Hp阳性组和Hp阴性组肠腺瘤患者腺瘤蒂部分型、腺瘤病理类型比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:结肠腺瘤的发生和多种危险因素有关,其中Hp感染可增加结肠腺瘤发生发展风险,临床应将此类高危人群作为结肠腺瘤的重点筛查对象,以降低结肠癌的潜在发生风险。     

饮酒、吸烟与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性研究

目的:探讨饮酒、吸烟与冠状动脉病变程度的相关性。方法:抽取行冠脉造影的男性患者(343例),排除患有高血压病、糖尿病、肝肾功能等异常的患者,根据患者是否吸烟、饮酒将其分为四组,吸烟+饮酒组(86例),吸烟+非饮酒组(135例),饮酒+非吸烟饮酒组(16例),非吸烟+非饮酒组(106例)。通过Gensini积分系统评价和比较各组冠脉病变的情况,分析评估冠心病的风险因素以及饮酒、吸烟与冠心病的关系。结果:吸烟+非饮酒组Gensini评分最高(33.89±31.14)分别与另外三组有统计学意义(P0.05)。饮酒+非吸烟组最低(9.31±10.88),分别与另外三组有统计学意义(P0.05)。单因素分析结果显示年龄、饮酒、TG、HDL-C是发生冠心病的危险因素,logistic回归分析结果显示饮酒是发生冠心病的保护因素,年龄与TG是发生冠心病的危险因素。结论:吸烟为冠状动脉病变高危因素,饮酒是发生冠心病的保护因素。     

抗结核药致药物性肝损伤相关因素研究

目的分析抗结核药物引发药物性肝损伤的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2016年6月~2017年7月在我院就诊的500例结核病患者的临床资料,以评估其药物性肝损伤的发生情况及相关危险因素。结果抗结核治疗的500例患者中出现药物性肝损伤50例(10.0%),药物性肝损伤的发生与吸烟、饮酒、结核类型、年龄等因素密切相关(P0.05)。结论抗结核治疗出现药物性肝损伤与吸烟、饮酒、脂肪肝、血吸虫病史、结核类型、年龄等因素密切相关。     

颅内动脉瘤开颅术后患者肺部感染的危险因素分析

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤开颅术后发生肺部感染的危险因素。方法:回顾性分析在我院接受开颅手术治疗的211例颅内动脉瘤患者的性别、年龄、吸烟史、糖尿病史、高血压病史、Hunt-Hess分级、动脉瘤部位、动脉瘤直径、手术时机及术后肺部感染的情况,对可能导致肺感染的因素行X2检验及Logistic回归分析。结果:单因素分析显示影响颅内动脉瘤患者术后肺感染的因素主要包括年龄、吸烟、糖尿病、Hunt-Hess分级(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示影响颅内动脉瘤患者开颅术后发生肺部感染的因素为吸烟和Hunt-Hess分级。结论:吸烟、高Hunt-Hess分级是影响颅内动脉瘤开颅术后发生肺部感染的独立危险因素。     

消化性溃疡与幽门螺杆菌关系的内窥镜探查

目的:探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)与消化性溃疡(PU)的关系。方法:检测167例PU患者Hp阳性率,使用胃镜观察溃疡形态、大小和部位。结果:167例PU患者Hp阳性检出率为87.43%,胃溃直径大于1.5 cm者与,胃溃直径小于0.5cm,溃疡处于活动期者与愈合期和瘢痕期者,Hp阳性检出率有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:Hp感染与溃疡的发生有密切关系,溃疡患者病情越重,Hp感染程度越高,但Hp阳性溃疡并不加重消化道出血现象发生。     

儿童幽门螺杆菌感染与胃肠外疾病相关性的研究进展

幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染是儿童慢性活动性胃炎和消化性溃疡的主要原因。有证据显示Hp感染在一些胃肠外疾病中也起一定作用,特别是Hp感染与儿童缺铁性贫血、特发性血小板减少性紫癜、生长发育障碍等有较为密切的关系。本文就近期Hp感染与胃肠外疾病的研究进展作一综述。     

幽门螺杆菌基因组研究

幽门螺杆菌Helicobacter pylori(Hp)是引起人慢性活动性胃炎和消化性溃疡的病原菌,同时与胃癌的发生密切相关.近年来Hp感染过程和其致病性的分子机理研究受到广泛的关注.根据其全基因组测序及基因功能解析结果阐述了Hp基因组中重要的结构特征,基因的表达调控方式,以及毒力相关基因在Hp感染中的作用等.     

Submitting articles to the BMJ

ObjectiveTo determine whether people whose marital partners have depression, diabetes, hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, stroke, hyperlipidaemia, peptic ulcer disease, or asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are at increased risk of the same disease.DesignCross sectional study.Setting10 practices from the Trent Focus Collaborative Research Practice Network.Participants8386 married couples (16 772 individuals) from a population of 29 014 participants aged 30-74 years.OutcomesRisk of disease in participants whose marital partner had that disease compared with those whose partner did not.ResultsAfter both partners'' age, smoking, and obesity and which general practice they attend were adjusted for, participants whose marital partner had asthma, depression, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and peptic ulcer disease were at increased risk of having the same disease. The adjusted odds ratios were 1.69 (95% confidence interval 1.43 to 2.98) for asthma, 2.08 (1.71 to 2.54) for depression, 1.32 (1.04 to 1.67) for hypertension, 1.44 (1.19 to 1.75) for hyperlipidaemia, and 2.01 (1.48 to 2.73) for peptic ulcer disease.ConclusionPartners of people with specific diseases are at increased risk of the disease themselves—at least 70% increased risk for asthma, depression, and peptic ulcer disease. This implicates shared environmental causes in some diseases in addition to any genetic or distant exposure or shared behaviours with respect to seeking health care.

What is already known on this topic

People whose spouses have hypertension are at increased risk of hypertensionLittle is known about the risks of disease for spouses of patients with diseases other than hypertension

What this study adds

People whose marital partner had asthma, depression, and peptic ulcer disease were at increased risk of having the same diseaseShared environmental factors contribute to the risk of diseasesThe costs and benefits of screening people for diseases of their spouses needs to be considered     

Prevalence and factors associated with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: A multivariate,hospital-based,statistical analysis

BackgroundAtrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) play an essential role in gastric carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AG and IM and their associated factors.MethodsSubjects who underwent upper endoscopy at Chiang Mai University Hospital from January 2018 to Dec 2021 were included. All participants were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to collect their personal histories. In addition, clinical and histological data and associated factors of AG and IM were analyzed.ResultsA total of 947 subjects (mean age, 53.61 ± 9.73 years; 60% male) were included. The prevalence of AG and IM, diagnosed by histopathology, was 39% and 19%. Prevalence of AG and IM increased from 28% and 9% in those under 50 years to 43% and 30% in those above 60 (p < 0.05). In a multivariate analysis, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, age 50–59 and over 60 years were significantly associated with higher odds of AG (odds ratio (OR), 2.07, 2.06, and 1.98) and IM (OR, 2.07, 2.18, and 4.46), respectively. Conversely, ingestion of spicy food was significantly associated with lower odds of AG and IM (OR, 0.75, and 0.62).ConclusionsThis study confirms that age and H. pylori infection are risk factors, whereas spicy food intake is a protective factor against AG and IM, which are common in patients over 50. Therefore, upper endoscopy and gastric mapping sampling are recommended for patients with chronic dyspepsia older than 50 to reduce gastric cancer risk.     

Associations between diet quality, health status and diabetic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes and comorbid obesity

ObjectivePatients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) demonstrate low dietary adherence and this is further aggravated with comorbid obesity. The aim of the present study was to assess diet quality in patients with T2DM and comorbid obesity compared to patients with T2DM alone and to examine the associations between comorbidities and diet quality.MethodsThe sample consisted of 59 adult patients with diabesity (T2DM and comorbid obesity) and 94 patients with T2DM alone. All diabetes comorbidities and complications were recorded and diet quality was assessed with the Healthy Eating Index (HEI).ResultsMean raw HEI of the diabese subjects was 81.9 ± 7.1 and the diabetic subjects was 80.2 ± 6.9. When HEI was adjusted to the sex, age and weight status, the diabese demonstrated a higher HEI. Among comorbidities, only renal disease decreased HEI. According to the principal component analysis of the total sample, adequate diet quality was explained by cardiovascular disease, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, peptic ulcer, sex, diabesity and diabetic foot syndrome. In the diabese, adequate HEI was explained by diabetic foot syndrome, smoking, drinking alcohol and having a family history of diabetes.ConclusionsAdult patients with T2DM demonstrate adequate diet quality. Different factors are associated with the adoption of a high quality diet between the diabese and the T2DM alone.     

影响幽门螺杆菌根除疗效相关因素

幽门螺杆菌（Hp）是慢性活动性胃炎和消化性溃疡的主要病因,并与胃癌、MALT淋巴瘤的发生密切相关,其根除治疗在临床上具有重要的意义。大量研究显示Hp的根除疗效在下降,本文就有关影响Hp根除疗效的相关因素做一简要概述。     

Prevalence and Predictors of Intestinal Parasites among Food Handlers in Yebu Town,Southwest Ethiopia

Background

As a result of urbanization, eating and drinking from food service establishments is becoming a common practice in developing countries like Ethiopia, which increases the chances of food borne diseases. The health status and hygiene practices of food handlers are the major determinants of food contamination. In developing countries where there are poor regulatory systems for food hygiene, food handlers are often appointed without screening for possible infections associated with poor hygiene like intestinal parasites.

Objective

This study aimed at determining the prevalence and predictors of intestinal parasites and assessing the hygiene practices among food handlers in Yebu Town, southwest Ethiopia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 118 food handlers in Yebu Town in January 2011. Fresh stool specimens were collected and processed using both direct wet mount and Formol ether concentration techniques.

Results

The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study subjects was 44.1% (52/118). Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm spp were the predominant parasites identified from the stool of study participants. Age above 35 years (AOR: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.1, 21.8), no regular practice of washing hands before a meal (AOR: 7.8, 95% CI: 2.8, 24.8), and untrimmed finger nail (AOR: 14.7, 95% CI: 2.8, 75.4) were independent predictors of intestinal parasitic infection among the food handlers.

Conclusion

The present study showed high prevalence of intestinal parasites among the study subjects. The study also revealed poor personal hygiene like poor practice of hand washing and poor finger nail hygiene. Therefore, much has to be done to improve the personal hygiene of the food handlers. Pre-placement and periodic screening of food handlers for parasites and prompt treatment, and health education on regular trimming or cleaning of fingernails would be the way forward for prevention of food borne diseases.     

Risk factors for acquiring Helicobacter pylori infection in a group of Tuscan teenagers

Risk factors for acquiring Helicobacter pylori infection include hygienic, social, and environmental conditions. Some of these conditions usually change over time. We therefore investigated the existence of risk factors in a group of teenagers living in a place with the same environmental characteristics, in which hygienic and crowding conditions have not changed significantly in the last 20 years. A group of 164 students, mostly borne in 1977, attending four different schools, were examined serologically for H. pylori infection and CagA status. The importance of the risk factors for the transmission of the infection were evaluated by the chi2 test. P values <0.05 were considered significant. Twenty-two students (13.4%) were H. pylori seropositive. Students attending teachers' college and high school of arts were infected significantly more often than those attending high school (P = 0.011 and P = 0.012, respectively). Students who smoked and students whose parents had a manual job had an increased risk of acquiring the infection (P = 0.002, and P = 0.036, respectively). Crowding conditions and the presence of domestic animals were close to being statistically significant. Other factors, such as gender, number of bathrooms and bedrooms, sharing the bed with adults as a child, presence of a sexual partner, and a family history of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer, did not increase the risk of infection. The prevalence of seropositivity for CagA was similar in the various risk groups. Manual job of parents and smoking were the most important factors for acquiring H. pylori infection.