冠心病患者介入治疗前后血清IL-18、sCD40L 和hs-CRP 水平的 变化及其意义

目的:探讨冠心病患者血清白介素18(Interleukin-18,IL-18)、白细胞分化抗原40配体(CD40L)、及高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平在经皮冠状动脉介入术治疗前后的变化和意义。方法:选择经冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病患者85例,根据病变程度分为单支病变组(n=32)、双支病变组(n=28)和多支病变组(n=25),采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定PCI术前术后血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平。结果:血清IL-18水平测定结果:多支病变组高于双支病变组,双支病变组高于单支病变组;支架置入术后显著高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血清CD40L水平测定结果:多支病变组高于双支病变组和单支病变组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),双支病变组与单支病变组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);支架置入术后较术前显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血清hs-CRP水平测定结果:多支病变组高于双支病变组,双支病变组高于单支病变组;支架置入术后显著高于术前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:冠心病患者血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP与冠脉病变程度密切相关,介入治疗可使冠心病患者血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平升高,监测血清中IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平变化可了解治疗效果和炎症程度。     

冠心病患者介入治疗前后血清IL-18、sCD40L和hs-CRP水平的变化及其意义

目的：探讨冠心病患者血清白介素18（Interleukin-18,IL-18）、白细胞分化抗原40配体（CD40L）、及高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平在经皮冠状动脉介入术治疗前后的变化和意义。方法：选择经冠状动脉造影确诊的冠心病患者85例,根据病变程度分为单支病变组（n=32）、双支病变组（n=28）和多支病变组（n=25）,采用双抗体夹心ELISA法测定PCI术前术后血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平。结果：血清IL-18水平测定结果：多支病变组高于双支病变组,双支病变组高于单支病变组;支架置入术后显著高于术前,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。血清CD40L水平测定结果：多支病变组高于双支病变组和单支病变组,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,双支病变组与单支病变组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;支架置入术后较术前显著升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。血清hs-CRP水平测定结果：多支病变组高于双支病变组,双支病变组高于单支病变组;支架置入术后显著高于术前,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：冠心病患者血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP与冠脉病变程度密切相关,介入治疗可使冠心病患者血清IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平升高,监测血清中IL-18、CD40L和hs-CRP水平变化可了解治疗效果和炎症程度。     

血清同型半胱氨酸、高敏C反应蛋白及肱踝脉搏波传导速度与冠心病患者冠脉病变程度的相关性研究

目的:探讨血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、高敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及肱踝脉搏波传导速度(baPWV)与冠心病患者冠脉病变程度的相关性。方法:选取2015年6月-2017年10月期间承德医学院附属医院收治的疑似冠心病的患者324例为研究对象,根据冠状动脉造影结果分为冠心病组213例与非冠心病组111例,根据不同冠脉病变程度将冠心病组分为单支病变组87例,双支病变组74例,多支病变组52例,检测并对比所有患者血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值,分析Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值与冠心病患者冠脉病变程度相关性。结果:冠心病组患者血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值较非冠心病组升高(P0.05)。冠心病组不同冠脉病变程度患者血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值整体比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),多支病变组与双支病变组患者血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值高于单支病变组,且多支病变组高于双支病变组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,Hcy、hs-CRP及baPWV均与冠心病患者冠脉病变程度呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:冠心病患者血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值高于非冠心病者,且血清Hcy、hs-CRP水平及baPWV值随着冠心病患者冠脉病变程度的加重而升高,与冠脉病变程度呈正相关。     

颈动脉内-中膜厚度及踝肱指数与冠心病的相关性研究

目的:通过研究颈动脉内-中膜厚度(carotid Intimal medial thickness cIMT)及踝肱指数(ankle-brachial index,ABI)与冠心痛患者的相关性,探讨动脉硬化和动脉粥样硬化之间的相关性.方法:本研究入选264例在本院行冠脉造影的患者,按冠脉造影的结果分为对照组和冠心痛组,冠心痛组根据冠脉病变程度进一步分为单支、双支、多支病变组.所有入选者在冠脉造影前用日本ALOKAα 7超声检测cIMT,用日本科林无创动脉硬化测定仪测量两侧ABI.结果:冠心痛组cIMT明显高于对照组,踝臂指数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);冠状动脉病变程度分析中:cIMT随着冠脉病变程度加重均有增高趋势,其中多支病变、双支病变组cIMT和颈动脉斑块积分均高于单支病变组、对照组,单支病变组cIMT和颈动脉斑块积分也明显高于对照组:ABI却随着冠脉病变程度加重均有降低趋势,多支病变组ABI均低于双支、单支痛变组和对照组,双支、单支痛变组ABI也明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:cIMT和ABI与冠心痛密切相关,在一定程度上可以预测冠心痛冠脉病变程度.     

不同病情冠心病患者血清心型脂肪酸结合蛋白与颈动脉内膜中层厚度的关系分析

目的:探讨不同病情冠心病患者血清心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)与颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的关系。方法:选择内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第一附属医院老年科收治的冠心病患者60例,其中稳定型心绞痛(SAP)和急性冠脉综合征(ACS)各30例,根据冠状动脉病变支数将患者分为单支病变组19例、双支病变组19例和多支病变组22例;根据患者冠状动脉血管狭窄程度分为轻度病变组22例、中度病变组17例和重度病变组21例,选择同期健康体检者30例作为对照组。比较各组颈动脉IMT及血清H-FABP水平,并分析其相关性。结果:ACS组颈动脉IMT及血清H-FABP水平显著高于SAP组和对照组,SAP组颈动脉IMT及血清H-FABP水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。不同冠状动脉病变支数、病变程度冠心病患者颈动脉IMT及血清H-FABP水平整体比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),多支病变组和双支病变组血清H-FABP水平比较无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,冠心病患者血清H-FABP水平与颈动脉IMT呈正相关(r=0.754,P<0.05)。结论:冠心病患者血清H-FABP水平与颈动脉IMT异常升高,其水平随冠状动脉病变程度加重而升高,且两者呈正相关。     

急性冠脉综合征患者γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平变化研究

目的:比较急性冠脉综合征患者与健康人血清中γ-谷氨酰转移酶(γ-GGT)、高敏C-反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)浓度,探究其水平变化与急性冠脉综合征的相关性。方法:选取我院心血管科收治的急性冠脉综合征患者60例。根据病情的不同,分为不稳定型心绞痛组30例和急性心肌梗死组30例,选取同期进行健康体检的健康人30例,作为对照组。对三组患者血清中γ-GGT与Hs-CRP水平进行比较。结果:1三组患者血清γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平比较:患者血清γ-GGT水平比较,不稳定型心绞痛组及急性心肌梗死组显著高于对照组,且急性心肌梗死组显著高于不稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);患者血清Hs-CRP水平比较,不稳定型心绞痛组及急性心肌梗死组显著高于对照组,且急性心肌梗死组显著高于不稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);2单支、双支、三支病变组与冠脉64排螺旋CT检查阴性组γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平比较:单支、双支、三支病变组血清中γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平明显高于冠脉64排螺旋CT检查阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);血清中γ-GGT、Hs-CRP浓度在单支、双支、三支病变组中与病变支数成正向相关。结论:急性冠脉综合征患者血清γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平显著高于正常值,临床上可根据两者水平变化,进行早期诊断,同时由于血清γ-GGT、Hs-CRP变化较为敏感,可根据观测两者水平,判断冠状动脉病变的严重程度,对急性冠脉综合征患者的早期诊断、病情预测有着重要意义,值得临床广泛应用。     

老年人冠状动脉狭窄程度与超敏C反应蛋白及脂蛋白(a)水平的研究

目的:探讨老年人冠脉狭窄程度与超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及脂蛋白(a()LP(a))水平的关系。方法:分析研究260例年龄>60岁的经行冠脉造影检查明确诊断冠心病的患者的冠脉狭窄程度,以及术前空腹采血测定其hs-CRP及LP(a)的水平。结果:①冠脉病变组(186例)与对照组(76例)比较,冠脉病变组Lp(a)和hs-CRP水平分别为(3.30±4.30)mg/L和(146.30±3.21)mg/L,对照组分别为(1.32±2.32)mg/L和(40.26±2.44)mg/L,二者存在差别(P<0.01),差别有统计学意义。②各个亚组病与对照组比较各亚组(单支病变组、双支病变组、三支病变组)hs-CRP和LP(a)与对照组相比较存在明显差异,单支病变组51例,双支病变组72例,三支病变组63例。单支病变组hs-CRP和Lp(a)水平分别为(2.11±1.31)mg/L和(41.58±2.32)mg/L,双支病变组分别为(2.97±2.11)mg/L和(47.12±1.21)mg/L,三支病变组分别为(3.42±2.16)mg/L和(60.13±3.54)mg/L,P<0.05,差别有统计学意义,且随着病变支数的增加,hs-CRP和LP(a)呈增高趋势。并行单因素相关分析,hs-CRP和LP(a)与冠脉病变支数有正相关关系(P<0.05)。③男性病变组(107例)和女性病变组(79例),男性组hs-CRP和LP(a)水平分别为(1.87±2.11)mg/L和(43.60±2.18)mg/L,女性病变组hs-CRP和LP(a)水平分别为(3.33±1.70)mg/L和(50.77±2.47)mg/L,二者存在差别,P>0.05,差别无统计学意义。结论:老年人冠脉狭窄程度与血清Lp(a)和hs-CRP水平变密切相关,呈正相关,老年男性冠心病患者与女性冠心病患者相比,血清Lp(a)和hs-CRP水平无显著差异。     

甲状腺激素水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的回顾性研究

目的:观察冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病,coronary heart disease,CHD)患者甲状腺激素水平的变化规律.方法:选取2010年至2011年在我院住院患者共299例,入选标准:年龄30岁～80岁之间;心功能Ⅰ-Ⅱ级;入选前未接受甲状腺激素及胺碘酮治疗.根据冠状动脉造影结果分为:对照组91例,实验组208例,实验组根据血管病变数量再分为单支血管病变组72例,双支血管病变组87例,及三支血管病变组49例,用放射免疫方法于造影前检测甲状腺激素水平,比较各组间FT3、FT4、TT3、TT4及TSH水平.结果:与对照组相比,实验组血清FT3水平下降,差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.05);其中三支血管病变组患者血浆FT3水平显著低于双支血管病变组,双支血管病变组患者血浆FT3水平显著低于单支血管病变组,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);各组间血清TT4、TT3、FT4、TSH水平比较无统计学差异(P＞0.05).结论:冠心病患者FT3呈低水平状态,且随着血管病变加重FT3下降越明显,检查甲状腺激素水平具有重要临床意义.     

急性冠脉综合征患者r-GGT、Hs-CRP水平变化研究

目的：比较急性冠脉综合征患者与健康人血清中γ- 谷氨酰转移酶（γ-GGT）、高敏C- 反应蛋白（Hs-CRP）浓度,探究其水平 变化与急性冠脉综合征的相关性。方法：选取我院心血管科收治的急性冠脉综合征患者60 例。根据病情的不同,分为不稳定型心 绞痛组30 例和急性心肌梗死组30 例,选取同期进行健康体检的健康人30 例,作为对照组。对三组患者血清中γ-GGT 与 Hs-CRP 水平进行比较。结果：①三组患者血清γ-GGT、Hs-CRP 水平比较：患者血清γ-GGT 水平比较,不稳定型心绞痛组及急性心 肌梗死组显著高于对照组,且急性心肌梗死组显著高于不稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患者血清Hs-CRP 水平 比较,不稳定型心绞痛组及急性心肌梗死组显著高于对照组,且急性心肌梗死组显著高于不稳定型心绞痛组,差异有统计学意义 （P＜0.05）;②单支、双支、三支病变组与冠脉64 排螺旋CT 检查阴性组酌-GGT、Hs-CRP水平比较：单支、双支、三支病变组血清中 γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平明显高于冠脉64 排螺旋CT 检查阴性对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;血清中 γ-GGT、Hs-CRP浓度在 单支、双支、三支病变组中与病变支数成正向相关。结论：急性冠脉综合征患者血清γ-GGT、Hs-CRP水平显著高于正常值,临床上 可根据两者水平变化,进行早期诊断,同时由于血清γ-GGT、Hs-CRP变化较为敏感,可根据观测两者水平,判断冠状动脉病变的 严重程度,对急性冠脉综合征患者的早期诊断、病情预测有着重要意义,值得临床广泛应用。     

血尿酸水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系探讨

目的:探讨血尿酸(SUA)水平与冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法:将268例疑似冠心病(CHD)患者,经冠状动脉造影分为冠心病组198例和非冠心病组70例;冠心病组又分为单支病变组80例,双支病变组56例,三支病变组62例。分别检测各组研究对象血尿酸含量,同时记录年龄、性别、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、血尿酸及冠状动脉造影结果,分析血尿酸与已知冠心病主要危险因素、冠状动脉病变程度的相关性。结果:冠心病组血尿酸水平(395.35±84.40)μmol/L,显著高于非冠心病组(282.20±66.68)μmol/L(P<0.05)。单支病变组(338.48±77.36)μmol/L、双支病变组(399.62±84.36)μmol/L、三支病变组(445.16±92.20)μmol/L,血尿酸水平呈递增趋势,各组之间的差异有统计学意义。结论:血尿酸水平可反映冠状动脉病变严重程度。降尿酸治疗有望成为心血管疾病防治的一种新途径。     

Epigenetics and aging: the targets and the marks

'Aging epigenetics' is an emerging field that promises exciting revelations in the near future. Here we focus on the functional and biological significance of the epigenetic alterations that accumulate during aging and are important in tumorigenesis. Paradigmatic examples are provided by the global loss of DNA methylation in aging and cancer and by the promoter hypermethylation of genes with a dual role in tumor suppression and progeria, such as the Werner syndrome (WRN) and lamin A/C genes. Another twist is provided by sirtuins, a family of NAD-dependent deacetylases that act on Lys16 of histone H4, which are emerging as a link between cellular transformation and lifespan.     

Biophysics and Structure of the Patch and the Gigaseal

Interpreting channel behavior in patches requires an understanding of patch structure and dynamics, especially in studies of mechanosensitive channels. High resolution optical studies show that patch formation occurs via blebbing that disrupts normal membrane structure and redistributes in situ components including ion channels. There is a 1-2 μm region of the seal below the patch where proteins are excluded and this may consist of extracted lipids that form the gigaseal. Patch domes often have complex geometries with inhomogeneous stresses due to the membrane-glass adhesion energy (E_a), cytoskeletal forces, and possible lipid subdomains. The resting tension in the patch dome ranges from 1-4 mN/m, a significant fraction of the lytic tension of a bilayer (∼10 mN/m). Thus, all patch experiments are conducted under substantial, and uneven, resting tension that may alter the kinetics of many channels. E_a seems dominated by van der Waals attraction overlaid with a normally repulsive Coulombic force. High ionic strength pipette saline increased E_a and, surprisingly, increased cytoskeletal rigidity in cell-attached patches. Low pH pipette saline also increased E_a and reduced the seal selectivity for cations, presumably by neutralizing the membrane surface charge. The seal is a negatively charged, cation selective, space with a resistance of ∼7 gigohm/μm in 100 mM KCl, and the high resistivity of the space may result from the presence of high viscosity glycoproteins. Patches creep up the pipette over time with voltage independent and voltage dependent components. Voltage-independent creep is expected from the capillary attraction of E_a and the flow of fresh lipids from the cell. Voltage-dependent creep seems to arise from electroosmosis in the seal. Neutralization of negative charges on the seal membrane with low pH decreased the creep rate and reversed the direction of creep at positive pipette potentials.     

Serology and systematics of the Ebenales and the Theales

The systematic position ofthe Ebenaceae, Sapotaceae, Styracaceae, Ochnaceae, Stachyuraceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae has been investigated using serological comparisons of sets of antigenic determinants. The results show that the Sytracaceae and Sapotaceae are undoubtedly more closely associated with the Actinidiaeceae and Theaceae, respectively, than with each other. We found no corresponding determinants betnween antigen systems from the Ebenaceae and systems from any other family whose relations to this family have been proposed. As discovered previously, investigations of antigen systems from the Ochnaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Stachyuraceae, Clusiaceae and Hypericaceae are against the idea of a natural order “Theales” in which these families, or at least some of them, are combined with the Theaceae and Actinidiaceae. This paper completes our previous investigations which largely support a superorder Ericanae sensu Ehrendorfer and Takhtajan. We propose to include the Actinidiaceae and Theaceae in this superorder, assigning them a central position laong with the Sapotaceae and Sytracaeae on one side and the Primulales and Ericales on the other. Another most interesting finding is that there are corresponding determinants between antigen systems from the members of the Ericanae and representatives of the Polemoniaceae and Loasaceae.     

On the structure and dynamics of the complex of the nucleosome and the linker histone

Several different models of the linker histone (LH)–nucleosome complex have been proposed, but none of them has unambiguously revealed the position and binding sites of the LH on the nucleosome. Using Brownian dynamics-based docking together with normal mode analysis of the nucleosome to account for the flexibility of two flanking 10 bp long linker DNAs (L-DNA), we identified binding modes of the H5-LH globular domain (GH5) to the nucleosome. For a wide range of nucleosomal conformations with the L-DNA ends less than 65 Å apart, one dominant binding mode was identified for GH5 and found to be consistent with fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) experiments. GH5 binds asymmetrically with respect to the nucleosomal dyad axis, fitting between the nucleosomal DNA and one of the L-DNAs. For greater distances between L-DNA ends, docking of GH5 to the L-DNA that is more restrained and less open becomes favored. These results suggest a selection mechanism by which GH5 preferentially binds one of the L-DNAs and thereby affects DNA dynamics and accessibility and contributes to formation of a particular chromatin fiber structure. The two binding modes identified would, respectively, favor a tight zigzag chromatin structure or a loose solenoid chromatin fiber.     

Baculoviruses and apoptosis: the good, the bad, and the ugly

Since 1991, when a baculovirus was first shown to inhibit apoptosis of its host insect cells, considerable contributions to our knowledge of apoptosis have arisen from the study of these viruses and the anti-apoptotic genes they encode. Baculovirus anti-apoptotic genes include p35, which encodes the most broadly acting caspase inhibitor protein known, and iap (inhibitor of apoptosis) genes, which were the first members of an evolutionarily conserved gene family involved in regulation of apoptosis and cytokinesis in organisms ranging from yeast to humans. Baculoviruses also provide an ideal system to study the effects of an apoptotic response on viral pathogenesis in an animal host. In this review, I discuss a number of interesting recent developments in the areas of apoptotic regulation by baculoviruses and the effects of apoptosis on baculovirus replication and pathogenesis.     

The Choroid Plexuses and the Barriers Between the Blood and the Cerebrospinal Fluid

1. The fluid homeostasis of the brain depends both on the endothelial blood–brain barrier and on the epithelial blood–cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier located at the choroid plexuses and the outer arachnoid membrane.2. The brain has two fluid environments: the brain interstitial fluid, which surrounds the neurons and glia, and the CSF, which fills the ventricles and external surfaces of the central nervous system.3. CSF acts as a fluid cushion for the brain and as a drainage route for the waste products of cerebral metabolism.4. Recent findings suggest that CSF may also act as a third circulation conveying substances secreted into the CSF rapidly to many brain regions.     

Connections between the globus pallidus and putamen and the hypothalamus and subthalamus

In 16 adult cats with electrolytically destructed external and internal parts of the globus pallidus and in 8 cats with destructed putamen direct strio-pallido-hypothalamic and strio-pallido-subthalamic pathways have been studied. Degeneration of the axonal preterminals and terminals have been examined in preparations treated after Nauta--Gygax, Nauta--Laidlow, Finck--Heimer with simultaneous additional staining of the nuclei with cresyl violet after Kawamura--Niimi. Direct pallido- and putamen-hypothalamic pathways to nuclei of the grey tubercle, posterior and lateral nuclei of the hypothalamus were stated. Direct pathways from the putamen to the subthalamic nucleus have been revealed, however, these pathways are represented in less degree than those of pallido-subthalamic connections. Direct pathways from the external portion of the globus pallidus and putamen to the subthalamic nucleus are more pronounced and represented by greater numbers of projections than those of strio-pallido-hypothalamic origin.