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从黄花蒿茎中分离得到了17株内生真菌,其中内生青霉菌(Penicilliumsp.Y2)能有效促进黄花蒿组培苗生长及青蒿素合成。内生青霉菌悬浮培养5d后,分别将培养液与菌丝匀浆后经过高压灭菌处理,或将培养液经过高压灭菌、过滤除菌处理获得3种内生菌诱导子(A、B和C)。结果表明,3种内生菌诱导子对植株生长、抗氧化酶活性及青蒿素合成都有促进作用,诱导子C青蒿素合成诱导效果最好,可促进黄花蒿组培苗的干重增长44.44%、可溶性糖含量提高38.24%,诱导超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性,从而提高青蒿素合成达58.86%,黄花蒿组培苗青蒿素含量达4.701mg.g-1(干重)。 相似文献
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栽培与野生黄花蒿中化学组分的FTIR表征及青蒿素含量比较分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究运用FTIR技术,对栽培和野生黄花蒿不同部位化学成分的红外光谱特征进行指认,并比较分析两者不同部位青蒿素含量差异.结果显示:酰胺、芳香类物质均以栽培黄花蒿茎和叶片中多;可溶性多糖和糖苷类物质,栽培与野生黄花蒿茎中含量相近,但是,叶片中含量以栽培黄花蒿高;纤维素类物质,栽培茎少于野生茎,而两种黄花蒿叶片的纤维素含量相近.与青蒿素标准品比较,栽培和野生黄花蒿不同部位青蒿素含量有一定差异,其中栽培叶最高,其次是野生叶,栽培茎的含量最低.所以,运用FTIR技术可以快速判断栽培和野生型黄花蒿主要化学成分的差异,本研究对黄花蒿的引种驯化和良种选育工作有一定指导意义. 相似文献
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《天然产物研究与开发》2015,(9)
对黄花蒿植株进行Na Cl盐胁迫(2~8 g/L)处理一个月,分析植株生长、光合作用和抗氧化生理指标,考察盐胁迫对青蒿素合成及挥发性成分累积的影响。Na Cl盐胁迫可抑制黄花蒿植株的生长,引起叶片氧化损伤,同时降低叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率。但盐胁迫诱导青蒿素含量提高44.3%,且主要挥发性代谢物成分如邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、白菖油萜、脱氧青蒿素、α-萜品醇的相对含量增加。盐胁迫是提高黄花蒿植株药用价值的栽培调节方法。 相似文献
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黄花蒿培养细胞中青蒿素合成代谢的体外调节 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
黄花蒿培养细胞通过两步培养积累青蒿素.第1步在含有0.2~0.4mg/L6-苄基氨基嘌呤(6-BA)和3~4mg/L吲哚乙酸(IAA)的N6培养基中进行细胞的增殖培养,第2步将培养好的细胞转入含0.2~0.4mg/L6-BA和0.2~0.4mg/LIAA的改良N6培养基中进行青蒿素的合成.青蒿素的合成量为190μg/g干细胞左右.当在第2步培养中加入青蒿素合成前体青蒿酸,青蒿素合成量比仅靠激素诱导提高了3倍多.青蒿素的合成途径是植物固醇合成途径的分支途径,当在青蒿素合成过程即第2步培养中加入固醇生物合成抑制剂双氯苯咪唑和氯化氯胆碱处理,可使代谢向合成青蒿素的方向移动,青蒿素合成量明显提高.经200mg/L氯化氯胆碱处理2d,黄花蒿细胞合成青蒿素量为372μg/g干细胞;经20mg/L双氯苯咪唑处理4d,黄花蒿细胞合成青蒿素量为1540μg/g干细胞,比靠激素诱导提高了8倍多,与诱导脱分化细胞的黄花蒿叶中所含的青蒿素(3000μg/g干细胞)处于同一个数量级.以上结果表明:在通过植物激素调节可以合成青蒿素的黄花蒿培养细胞中,缺乏青蒿素合成前体是青蒿素合成量低的重要原因.因此,在青蒿素合成的过程中通过体外调节, 相似文献
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通过对采收后的黄花蒿植株进行适当的处理及干燥温度和贮藏时间对比试验,采用HPLC法测定,探讨提高青蒿素含量的加工新方法。结果表明:整株立式阴晾一定时间后晒干的处理随着阴晾时间的增加青蒿素含量呈抛物线状变化,4~5d最高,达显著水平,之后逐渐下降;随着干燥温度的升高青蒿素含量呈下降趋势,40℃时叶片青蒿素含量较高;随着贮藏时间的延长青蒿素含量逐渐下降,贮藏100 d后下降明显。采收后整株立式阴晾4~5 d后再晒干方法能提高黄花蒿叶片的青蒿素含量。40℃的干燥温度能使叶片中青蒿素含量损耗较少。黄花蒿叶片的保质贮藏时间约90 d。 相似文献
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《微生物学免疫学进展》2016,(2)
青蒿素是从青蒿中提取出的具有抗疟活性的药物成分,青蒿素内含的过氧桥结构可以生成大量的如蒿甲醚、蒿乙醚、双氢青蒿素、青蒿琥酯等衍生物,目前已证实青蒿素及其衍生物还具有抗寄生虫、抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗真菌等多重功效。介绍了青蒿素在临床应用的近期情况,并对其在抗肿瘤等其他领域的研究进展进行了简要的综述。这种价廉、低毒的药物在救治身患疟疾的濒危患者的同时,在抗肿瘤治疗等领域中也能发挥重大作用。 相似文献
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青蒿素对蔬菜种子发芽和幼苗生长的化感效应 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
试验以菜豆、豇豆、大白菜和小白菜为对象,用不同浓度的青蒿素浸种,研究了黄花蒿产生的化感物质??青蒿素对蔬菜种子发芽及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,青蒿素对蔬菜种子发芽和幼苗生长的化感作用表现出浓度效应和品种差异,即浓度越高,抑制作用愈强,尤以豇豆种子发芽率和小白菜生长的表现最为明显,前者的发芽率可降低75.00%,后者的苗高降幅高达88.37%,且胚根停止生长。青蒿素抑制同季和后季作物的种子发芽和幼苗生长,有利于扩大黄花蒿的生存空间,增强生存竞争优势。在黄花蒿?蔬菜种植体系中,选择抗化感作用较强的大白菜和菜豆可提高土地利用率和整体生产水平。用青蒿素浸种后,蔬菜幼苗的根系活力降低,菜豆和豇豆叶绿素含量提高,而大、小白菜降低,均可视为妨碍生长的生理原因。此外,青蒿素浸种还提高蔬菜种子可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量,推测青蒿素对种子水解酶活性的影响较小,但抑制合成酶催化的生化反应,导致代谢紊乱,抑制幼苗生长。 相似文献
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Malaria is a major health problem in many countries and according to an estimate of the WHO, more than 500 million infections occur per year. Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene from Artemisia annua L., has received considerable attention as a promising and potent antimalarial drug for its stage speciticity, its rather low toxicity, effectiveness against drug-resistant Plasmodium species and activity against cerebral malaria. From recent studies it seems that hemin is primarily involved in the antimalarial activity of the constituents of Artemisia annua L. Thus, the interaction of a compound with hemin may represent a crucial screening test to define its efficacy. In this study the interaction between artemisinin and hemin was investigated by UltraViolet/Visible (UV/Vis) spectrophotometry and High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Diode Array Detector/Mass Spectrometry (HPLC/DAD/MS). In addition, some flavonols isolated from Artemisia annua L. were also tested to investigate their possible role in the interaction between artemisinin and hemin. These two simple physico-chemical methods can be useful as rapid and widespread screening methods for the search of other alkylating antimalarial constituents from natural sources or for the evaluation of the activity of semisynthetic analogues of artemisinin. 相似文献
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Artemisinin is a novel effective antimalarial drug extracted from the medicinal plant Artemisia annua L. Owing to the tight market and low yield of artemisinin, there is great interest in enhancing the production of artemisinin. In the present study, farnesyi diphosphate synthase (FPS) was overexpressed in high-yield A. annua to Increase the artemisinin content. The FPS activity in transgenic A. ennue was twoto threefold greater than that In non-transgenic A. annua. The highest artemisinin content in transgenic A. annua was approximately 0.9% (dry weight), which was 34.4% higher than that in non-transgenic A. annua. The results demonstrate the regulatory role of FPS in artemisinin biosynthesis. 相似文献
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微生物发酵青蒿叶和叶渣的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为扩大青蒿原料的应用途径,延伸青蒿产业链,对青蒿叶和叶渣进行发酵研究。拟开发可用于动物保健的青蒿来源的产品。采用微生物发酵青蒿及青蒿叶渣,检测枯草芽孢杆菌、酿酒酵母菌、植物乳杆菌等菌株发酵青蒿叶和叶渣后其粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维素以及青蒿素、青蒿乙素、双氢青蒿酸、青蒿酸含量变化。青蒿叶发酵产物及功效成分含量与对照组比较,酵母菌发酵后粗蛋白提高43.05%,植物乳杆菌发酵后粗脂肪提高106%,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵后粗纤维降低43.30%,黑曲霉菌发酵后青蒿素和青蒿乙素分别提高133.27%和88.06%,地衣芽孢杆菌发酵后青蒿酸提高21.49%,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵后双氢青蒿酸提高86.01%;青蒿叶渣发酵产物与对照组比较,植物乳杆菌发酵后粗脂肪提高87.73%,酿酒酵母菌发酵后粗蛋白提高85.30%,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵后粗纤维降低55.67%,枯草芽孢杆菌发酵后双氢青蒿酸提高71.91%,地衣芽孢杆菌发酵后青蒿乙素提高94.71%。微生物发酵青蒿叶和叶渣显著提高其功效成分含量,增加了探索青蒿叶和叶渣发酵产物作为动物保健品的可能性。 相似文献
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青蒿毛状根生长、青蒿素合成以及
营养物消耗的动力学 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
诱导产生的青蒿毛状根培养物置于MS培养基(含30
g/L蔗糖)进行悬浮培养,并对悬浮培养过程中毛状根生长、青蒿素合成、蔗糖、磷酸盐和不同氮源的消耗、pH和电导率的动力学过程进行分析。经30
d培养,生物量干重和青蒿素产量分别达到13.7 g/L和0.23 g/L,碳源和氮源在培养过程中被逐渐利用,而磷酸盐的利用速率最快,培养至15
d所有的磷酸盐均被吸收,pH在培养初期降低,后又逐渐上升,电导率由于毛状根生长对无机离子的吸收而逐渐减低。 相似文献
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Firsov A. P. Mitiushkina T. Yu. Pushin A. S. Tzareva A. Vainstein A. M. Dolgov S. V. 《Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology》2021,57(7):808-817
Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology - Artemisinin-based medicines are the most effective treatment for malaria. To date, wormwood plants (Artemisia annua L.) are the main source of artemisinin.... 相似文献
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Artemisia annua L. (Qinghao) is a promising and potent antimalarial herbal drug. This activity has been ascribed to its component artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone that is very effective against drug-resistant Plasmodium species with a low toxicity. Our studies indicate that several flavonoids of A. annua can promote and enhance the reaction of artemisinin with hemin. These data are in good agreement with previous investigations on the in vitro potentiation of antimalarial activity of artemisinin by such flavonoids. As a consequence, in view of a possible use of the phytocomplex rather than pure artemisinin, an HPLC/DAD/MS method is proposed for the simultaneous detection and quantification of both flavonoids and artemisinin. Different extracts, obtained from two different herbal drugs, a commercial sample and a selected cultivar, were analyzed in order to determine which solvents provide the best yields of both artemisinin and flavonoids. Qualitative and quantitative results obtained using an HPLC method are described, which will be useful for developing highly effective herbal drug preparations. 相似文献
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Hairy root cultures of diploid Artemisia annua L. (clone YUT16) grow rapidly and produce the antimalarial sesquiterpene artemisinin. Little is known about how polyploidy affects the growth of transformed hairy roots and the production of secondary metabolites. Using colchicine, we produced four stable tetraploid clones of A. annua L. from the YUT16 hairy root clone. Analysis showed major differences in growth and artemisinin production compared to the diploid clone. Tetraploid clones produced up to six times more artemisinin than the diploid parent. This study provides an initial step in increasing our understanding of the role of polyploidy in secondary metabolite production, especially in hairy roots. 相似文献