霍乱毒素B亚单位与胰岛素B链融合基因的克隆及原核表达分析

构建了霍乱毒素B亚单位(choleratoxinBsubunit,CTB)与胰岛素(insulin)B链的融合基因CTB-INSB,将该融合基因克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET-30a(+)中,获得重组质粒pETCIB;并将该质粒转入大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)中;重组菌株经IPTG诱导后的表达产物经15％SDS-PAGE分析表明可以表达融合蛋白,其分子量约为15.4kDa,且主要以包涵体形式存在,约占全菌蛋白的30％。含CTB-INSB重组蛋白的包涵体经变性和复性后,可在体外自组装成五聚体结构。Westernblotting分析结果显示CTB-INSB可分别被霍乱毒素的抗体和胰岛素的抗体识别,表明该蛋白具有霍乱毒素B亚单位与胰岛素的双重抗原性。同时GM1-ELISA分析结果表明CTB-INSB在体外可与神经节苷脂GM1(monosialoganglioside)特异结合,进一步证实了它能够形成类似CTB五聚体的高级结构,具有生物活性。     

A组轮状病毒VP6与霍乱毒素B亚基融合蛋白在大肠杆菌中的表达及生物活性分析

利用霍乱毒素B亚基 (CholeratoxinBsubunit,CTB)的免疫载体作用 ,将轮状病毒相关抗原引入口服免疫体系 ,可激起有效的粘膜免疫反应 ,这里报道了CTB基因与A组轮状病毒地方株T114VP6全基因的融合 ,并在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3 )中进行了融合蛋白的表达。在IPTG诱导下得到分子量为 5 6kD的融合蛋白 ,表达量占菌体蛋白的15 %。分别用抗CT的抗体和抗A组轮状病毒的高价免疫血清进行WesternBlot检测 ,结果证明融合蛋白CTB VP6保留了天然霍乱毒素B亚基及轮状病毒VP6的抗原性。G_M1-ELISA检测表明 ,复性后的融合蛋白具有与神经节苷脂GM1 结合的能力。     

霍乱毒素B亚单位与胰岛素原融合基因的克隆、表达及重组蛋白特性分析

构建了霍乱毒素B亚单位 (CholeratoxinBsubunit,CTB)与胰岛素原 (Proinsulin)的融合基因CTB -PROIN ,将该融合基因克隆到大肠杆菌表达载体pET 30a(+)中 ,获得重组质粒pETCPI,并将该质粒转入大肠杆菌菌株BL21(DE3)中 ;重组菌株经IPTG诱导后 ,其表达产物经过 15 %SDS PAGE分析表明该菌株可以表达融合蛋白 ,其分子量约为 21.6kD ,且主要以包涵体形式存在 ,约占全菌蛋白的 25%。含CTB-PROIN重组蛋白的包涵体经过变性和复性后 ,CTB-PROIN可以在体外自组装成五聚体结构。Westernblotting分析结果表明重组CTB PROIN蛋白可分别被霍乱毒素的抗体和胰岛素的抗体识别 ,说明该蛋白具有霍乱毒素和胰岛素的双重抗原性。同时在体外 ,CTB PROIN蛋白可与神经节苷脂GM1(monosialoganglioside)特异性结合 ,表明了该融合蛋白在体外具有生物活性。这些研究结果为利用原核生物表达系统研制廉价、高效的I型糖尿病口服疫苗奠定了基础。     

CTB/CS3融合蛋白与GM1结合能力和免疫原性的分析

免疫霍乱毒素B亚单位（CTB）或肠毒素大肠杆菌（ETEC）定居因子CS3可使人体对ETEC的侵染有保护作用.为探索研制ETEC双组分亚单位疫苗的可行性,利用大肠杆菌诱导表达系统表达了CTB与CS3的融合蛋白（CTB/CS3）.蛋白质印迹结果表明,诱导表达的29 ku蛋白具有CTB和CS3蛋白双重抗原性.经Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化获得重组蛋白CTB/CS3,复性的重组蛋白可以部分形成五聚体并保留了与神经节苷脂GM1的结合能力.动物实验表明,融合蛋白CTB/CS3具有CTB和CS3蛋白的双重免疫原性,同时,CTB的免疫载体作用提高了CS3的免疫强度.     

大肠杆菌脂蛋白与CTB-pres2抗原基因的融合及表达

首次采用基因融合方式,在乱毒素B亚基-乙型肝炎病毒Pres2抗原融合基因（ctxB-Pres2）的5’端了引入编码大肠杆菌脂蛋白信号肽及N端九个氨基酸的核苷酸序列,分别置于ctb及lpp／lac启动子下在大肠杆菌中获得分泌性表达．表达的融合蛋白均定位于膜上,并且可以和GM1、抗-CTB抗体及抗HBVPreS2单克隆抗体结合,说明该融合蛋白保留了CTB的基本高级结构及CTB、PreS2抗原的抗原性．3H-棕榈酸标记实验证实该融合蛋白发生脂肪化,为免疫原性研究奠定了基础．此外,还研究了不同信号肽和宿主菌对该蛋白表达的影响．     

乙肝表面抗原a表位粘膜疫苗的构建及免疫原性检测

利用DNA重组技术 ,构建霍乱毒素B亚单位与乙肝病毒表面抗原a表位的融合基因 ,并在大肠杆菌表达体系pET 30a BL2 1 (DE3)中获得以包涵体形式的高效表达。免疫印迹表明表达产物具有免疫学活性 ,包涵体复性后 ,表达产物能够象CTB那样形成五体 ,以腹腔注射、灌胃、鼻饲形式免疫小鼠均能产生抗HBsAg抗体     

水稻矮缩病毒非结构蛋白基因S6的表达和抗血清的制备

经RT-PCR扩增出水稻矮缩病毒(RDV)中国分离物非结构蛋白基因S6,并克隆至 pGEM-Teasy 载体上.序列分析表明该基因与日本株具有高度同源性,并且含有较高比例的稀有密码子.将S6基因克隆到表达载体pGEX-6P-1,并转化大肠杆菌,该基因在大肠杆菌以包涵体形式大量表达.以表达的融合蛋白作抗原免疫家兔,制备抗S6蛋白的抗血清,ELISA 测定表明,该血清与抗原共价特异性反应,抗血清的效价为13000. Western blot印迹实验表明该抗血清能特异性检测RDV感染的水稻组织中的S6蛋白,因而可作为感染RDV的水稻植株的分子手段.     

恶性疟原虫多抗原表位基因的融合与表达

本研究以霍乱毒素B亚基(CT-B)基因为载体,构建了含不同抗原表位的恶性疟原虫的融合基因CTB/ATE和CTB/AWTE。前者除含有恶性疟原虫裂殖子表面主要抗原表位杂合多肽基因SPf66外,还含有很强的T辅助细胞表位CST3和Tc细胞表位;后者在此基础上将我国发现的B细胞表位NKNDD基因经8次串联后融合其中、两种形式的融合基因经测序正确后转入大肠杆菌TK1046中,产量分别为10mg/L及5mg/L。表达产物CTB/AWTE经亲和层析纯化的双抗夹心ELISA测定表明,该融合蛋白在保留了与抗CTB抗体结合的同时,与抗NKNDD单抗的结合效价达1∶8000。     

霍乱cT-B和LPs-o双价抗原工程菌苗株的构建

作者将霍乱弧菌O抗原及毒素B亚单位基因片段,经DNA体外重组技术,得到了能表达双价抗原的工程菌株1046(pMG305)。经GM1-ELISA分析表明该菌株能够表达特异的霍乱CT-B抗原,且能分泌到胞外,通过菌体凝集,全细胞O抗原酶联分析和血凝抑制试验表明在1046(pMG305)菌体表面表达了霍乱的O抗原,它的脂多糖O抗原通过SDS-PAGE电泳分析,显示它表达了霍乱LPS的特征区带。小鼠腹腔免疫后用霍乱弧菌毒株攻击表明,有良好的保护作用,因此1046(pMG305)可望成为霍乱活疫苗的候选株。     

恶性疟原虫多抗原表位基因表达载体的构建及其在大豆幼胚中的表达

疟疾是当今最需要研究有效疫苗的主要传染病之一。AWTE基因编码恶性疟原虫多种抗原表位基因 ,CTB基因编码霍乱毒素 B亚基 ,是一种既能引起细胞免疫又能引起体液免疫的免疫载体和佐剂。把 AWTE- CTB融合基因构建到植物表达载体 p BVG- ny2上 ,通过基因枪导入法 ,转化大豆幼胚分生组织。 X- glu染色检测到 GUS基因的表达 ;抗原性分析实验结果表明 ,特异表达的融合蛋白可与 CTB和 AWTE抗体结合 ,具有 CTB抗原性。这个实验结果 ,表明疟疾多抗原表位基因首次在转基因大豆幼胚中得到瞬时表达     

Characteristics of the membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius

Summary The membranes of the pellicle of the ciliatePseudomicrothorax dubius are investigated using thin section electron microscopy and freeze-fracture replicas. The plasma membrane is covered by a surface coat and is connected to the outer alveolar membrane by short, sometimes branched, bridges. The inner alveolar membrane is coated on both sides. The epiplasm lies in intimate contact with the cytoplasmic surface of this membrane, and there is a corresponding deposit on the other surface. This deposit is regularly striated.The epiplasmic layer and the alveoli are interrupted at sites of cytotic activity,e.g., the attachment sites of trichocysts, the cytoproct, and the parasomal sacs. The striated deposit ends where the epiplasm ends, indicating a direct relationship between these two epimembranous layers.There is a deposit along the sides of the first part of the tip of the trichocysts, and in this region the trichocyst membrane is free of intramembranous particles.The membrane of the parasomal sacs has a coat on both surfaces. That on the extraplasmic surface is similar to the surface coat of the plasma membrane. The origin of the cytoplasmic coat is unknown. The cytotic activity of these sacs is indicated by their highly irregular profiles.     

The early development of the tail and the transformation of the shape of the nucleus of the spermatid of the domestic fowl,Gallus gallus

Summary The differentiation of the spermatid, especially in reference to the formation of the flagellum, and transformation of the shape of the nucleus was investigated in the domestic fowl.In the early stage of the spermatid, a prominent Golgi apparatus appears around the centrioles. The Golgi vesicles then surround the axial-filament complex which develops from the distal centriole. These vesicles fuse to form continuous membrane at the earliest stage of flagellar formation, and in the succeeding stage Golgi lamellae are attached to the plasma membrane of the developing flagellum. From these observations, it is assumed that Golgi apparatus may be a source of the membrane system of the flagellum.The microtubules distributed around the nucleus form the circular manchette. The anterior region of the nucleus with the manchette is cylindrical in shape and the posterior region without it remains irregular in shape. When the circular manchette has been completed, the whole nucleus acquires a slender cylindrical shape. The circular manchette then changes into the longitudinal manchette. The nuclei of spermatids without a longitudinal manchette are abnormal in shape. In view of these observations it is assumed that the nuclear shaping of the spermatid may be accomplished by circular manchette and the maintenance of shape of the elongated nucleus by longitudinal manchette.The authors wish to thank Mr. Takayuki Mori for his helpful suggestions and technical advices     

Characterization of the composition of the aqueous humor and the vitreous body of the eye of the frog Rana temporaria L

This study aimed to analyze the aqueous humor (AH) and the vitreous body (VB) of the eye of the adult frog Rana temporaria L. as a representative species of amphibians, which lead a semi-terrestrial life. The presence of collagen, albumin, uric acid and electron donors was shown in both media; however, there are slight differences in their concentrations. To determine collagen, a spectral-fluorescent probe, cyanine dye, was used. The presence of collagen in AH of the frog was found at the first time. The total content of electron donors (ascorbic and uric acids, tryptophan, and tyrosine) in VB and HA was roughly estimated at ~ 1.5 × 10^− 4 mol/L. Both VB and AH absorb light in similar UV regions. The total protein and albumin contents in AH were found to be somewhat higher than those in VB. The uric acid content was at an equally low level in both intraocular media. It is supposed that the similarity of VB and AH compositions shown in this work is due to some exchange between VB and AH contents in the course of accommodation. The role of intraocular fluids in physiological functions of the eye and in protecting the retina against UV light is discussed.