多孔微球固定化CHO工程细胞生产rt-PA的研究

以Cytopore多孔微球固定产重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)CHO工程细胞株4B3,在2L搅拌式生物反应器用无血清培养基DF5S连续灌流培养。4B3细胞的最大活细胞密度和rtPA生产水平分别达到8.83×10⁶/mL和12473 IU/mL。含rtPA的4B3细胞培养上清经MPG吸附层析和Lysine-sepharose 4B亲和层析两步纯化,rt-PA的纯度达到98%。     

重组瑞替普酶在毕赤酵母中的表达

【目的】瑞替普酶(重组组织纤溶酶原激活物,rt PA)被认为是第三代安全有效的溶栓剂,以p PIC9K为载体,以3种不同表型的毕赤酵母(Pichia pastoris)为宿主,探索适合rt PA分泌型表达的最佳体系。【方法】以质粒p ET28a-rt PA为模板,设计特异性引物,PCR扩增目的基因rt PA,插入分泌型表达载体p PIC9K中,获得重组表达质粒p PIC9K-rt PA。重组质粒经限制性内切酶Sal I线性化后,电击转化至3种不同表型的P.pastoris(GS115、SMD1168、KM71)中进行组成型表达;重组表达体系进行甲醇诱导表达,对产物进行Western blot鉴定,并采用纤维蛋白平板溶圈法测定其活性。【结果】重组蛋白分子量约为43 k D;rt PA-GS115和rt PA-KM71均在39 k D处有特异性条带,且前者在32 k D处有轻微降解条带,而后者并无此现象;rt PA-SMD1168无降解现象,且rt PA-SMD1168比活性较rt PA-GS115高27%;rt PA-KM71表达量和活性均为最低。【结论】从重组蛋白生物活性出发,P.pastoris SD1168可作为rt PA的最佳表达体系,在控制宿主蛋白酶活性、减少产物降解的前提下,P.pastoris GS115也是rt PA表达的优选体系。     

SDS-PAGE纤维蛋白自显影法检测不同分子量的纤溶酶原激活剂

体内存在两种纤溶酶原激活剂(plasminogen activator, PA):血液中生理性的组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(t PA)及尿中的尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂(u PA)。它们通过将纤溶酶原转变成有活性的纤溶酶而启动纤溶过程使血栓溶解。目前模拟体内纤溶过程以纤维蛋白为底物的PA物质活性测定方法有纤维蛋白溶圈法和发光分析法,但这两种方法不能     

抗凝血蛋白质分子的研究现状*

凝血酶抑制剂、纤溶酶原激活剂 (t PA、u PA、SK和SAK等 )、蚯蚓纤溶酶和蛇毒抗凝血蛋白等是血栓类疾病领域的研究重点。纤溶分子突变体的应用、纤维蛋白水解特异性的增加、溶栓效率的提高以及半衰期的延长等是溶栓剂研究的方向。     

尿激酶原变体Glu151-Glu154-mscu-PA的构建及其动力学性质

利用寡核苷酸介导的定点突变方法 ,将重组人尿激酶原 ( recombinant single chain uroki-nase- type plasminogen activator,rscu- PA)中 1 51位赖氨酸 ( Lys1 51 )突变为谷氨酸 ( Glu1 51 ) ,1 54位精氨酸 ( Arg1 54)突变为谷氨酸 ( Glu1 54) ,得到尿激酶原变体基因 ( mscu- PA) .尿激酶原变体和未突变的重组尿激酶原均在 E.coli中获得表达 ,超声后所得包涵体经体外变复性并得到纯化 .结果表明 ,尿激酶原变体对纤溶酶 ( plasmin)的敏感性比未突变的重组尿激酶原低约 40 % ,转变纤溶酶原 ( Glu- plasminogen)为纤溶酶的活性基本相同 .两种产物经纤溶酶活化后 ,分别得到了双链尿激酶 ( rtcu- PA)和双链尿激酶变体 ( mtcu- PA) .它们对人工合成的发色底物 S2 4 4 4反应的动力学基本一致 ,对 Glu- plasminogen的催化反应的米氏动力学常数 Km 基本一致 ,但 mtcu- PA的 Kcat仅为rtcu- PA的 80 % .酪蛋白降解系统 ( caseinolytic system)实验表明 ,在纤维蛋白和纤溶酶原存在的情况下 ,尿激酶原变体较未突变尿激酶原能加快酪蛋白的降解 ,说明 mtcu- PA对纤维蛋白有一定的亲和性     

卵巢甾体激素与卵泡刺激素合并使用可提高颗粒细胞纤溶酶原激活物产生

卵泡刺激素(FSH)能刺激未成熟大鼠离体培养颗粒细胞的纤溶酶原激活物(PA)的产生,并呈剂量一依从性增加;已证实 PA 对卵巢的排卵有作用。Ny 等(1984)进一步证明,刺激颗粒细胞分泌的是组织型-纤溶酶原激活物(tpA),而不是尿激酶型-纤溶酶原激活物(uPA)。卵巢甾体激素等与 FSH 合并使用后,能提高卵巢 FSH-依从性 PA 的产生。用雌二醇(E_2)或孕酮单独处理培养中的颗粒细胞时,对 PA 的产生无明显影响。已知雌激素对卵巢细胞的成熟和发育超重要作用,其中包括:对颗粒细胞的增殖,增加 FSH 对颗粒细胞 cAMP 的形成,提高卵巢芳香化酶的活性等。活体动物经二乙基己烯雌酚预处理后,给予生理学浓度范围的 E_2,能增强 FSH所诱发的 PA 产生。E_2与 FSH 合并处理时,E_2的刺激作用有一时间的依赖性,即须经72h 的作用。给孕     

蕲蛇酶溶栓和抗栓作用机理

蕲蛇酶以全面改善纤溶系统各组份功能 ,诱导血管内皮细胞释放 t- PA,t- PA将纤维蛋白溶酶原变成纤溶酶 ,溶解血栓。此外 ,本品分解血纤维蛋白原 ,生成降解 A肽纤维蛋白单体 ,从而促进 t- PA激活纤维蛋白溶酶原转变成纤溶酶效应 ,促进溶栓。　　蕲蛇酶是目前唯一对各种诱导剂引起的血小板聚集都具有明显抑制作用的药物。蕲蛇酶对新鲜性、陈旧性 ,及各种模型动静脉血栓均具溶栓作用蕲蛇酶溶栓和抗栓作用机理     

蕲蛇酶溶栓和抗栓作用机理

蕲蛇酶以全面改善纤溶系统各组份功能 ,诱导血管内皮细胞释放 t- PA,t- PA将纤维蛋白溶酶原变成纤溶酶 ,溶解血栓。此外 ,本品分解血纤维蛋白原 ,生成降解 A肽纤维蛋白单体 ,从而促进 t- PA激活纤维蛋白溶酶原转变成纤溶酶效应 ,促进溶栓。　　蕲蛇酶是目前唯一对各种诱导剂引起的血小板聚集都具有明显抑制作用的药物。蕲蛇酶对新鲜性、陈旧性 ,及各种模型动静脉血栓均具溶栓作用。蕲蛇酶溶栓和抗栓作用机理     

多模式磁共振指导超时间窗急性缺血性卒中的静脉溶栓治疗研究

目的:评价多模式磁共振指导下超时间窗静脉应用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂rt PA治疗急性缺血性卒中的疗效及安全性。方法:将68例急性脑梗塞患者分为rt PA静脉溶栓组A组、强化抗栓治疗组B组,各组按药物干预时间再分为4.5小时亚组及4.5-6小时亚组。A组给予rt PA静脉溶栓治疗和常规治疗,B组给予首剂氯吡格雷300毫克+阿司匹林100毫克和常规治疗。治疗前行急诊头多模式磁共振检查,治疗24小时后复查头CT,分别于治疗前后不同时间点进行NIHSS评分和3个月MRS评分,记录不良事件的发生情况。结果:A组两个亚组治疗后各时间点NIHSS评分均明显低于B组,且A组4.5小时亚组治疗后NIHSS评分低于其4.5-6小时亚组,A组3个月预后良好患者比例显著高于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组症状性颅内出血的发生率高于B组。结论:多模式头磁共振指导下超时间窗rt PA静脉溶栓治疗安全有效,远期疗效优于强化抗栓治疗,但颅内症状性出血风险略高于强化抗栓治疗。     

卵巢纤蛋白溶酶原激活因子及其抑制因子的研究

本文综述了近年来作者在研究卵巢纤蛋白溶酶原激活因子(PA)及其抑制因子(PAI)的某些成果。PA是一种高效能蛋白水解酶激活因子,它激活纤蛋白溶酶原成为纤蛋白溶酶,此酶在纤蛋白水解过程中起重要作用。已有证据表明,PA与排卵有关。我们进一步研究发现:(1)在大鼠卵巢体细胞中存在两种PA,即组织型PA(tPA)和尿激酶型PA(uPA);而在卵细胞中只发现tPA;(2)大鼠卵巢tPA明显受促性腺激素和其他激素调节,并在排卵前达到高峰,而uPA没有明显变化;(3)在卵巢体细胞中还发现一种PA的抑制因子(PAI),它与PA结合形成复合体,能部分或完全消除PA活性;(4)只有tPA与大鼠排卵有关;PA和PAI间的相互作用和随激素的波动而引起的动态变化可能对维持卵巢正常生理功能和排卵起重要作用。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.     

Detection of EBV and HHV6 in the Brain Tissue of Patients with Rasmussen’s Encephalitis

Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a rare pediatric neurological disorder, and the exact etiology is not clear. Viral infection may be involved in the pathogenesis of RE, but conflicting results have reported. In this study, we evaluated the expression of both Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpes virus (HHV) 6 antigens in brain sections from 30 patients with RE and 16 control individuals by immunohistochemistry. In the RE group, EBV and HHV6 antigens were detected in 56.7% (17/30) and 50% (15/30) of individuals, respectively. In contrast, no detectable EBV and HHV6 antigen expression was found in brain tissues of the control group. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in 20.0% (6/30) of individuals. In particular, a 4-year-old boy had a typical clinical course, including a medical history of viral encephalitis, intractable epilepsy, and hemispheric atrophy. The co-expression of EBV and HHV6 was detected in neurons and astrocytes in the brain tissue, accompanied by a high frequency of CD8⁺ T cells. Our results suggest that EBV and HHV6 infection and the activation of CD8⁺ T cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RE.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.