银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的质量研究

银杏叶中黄酮类化合物的质量研究王红,张卫明（国中贸易部南京野生植物综合利用研究所）目前,银杏叶制剂被广泛用作改善腋血管、外周血管血流的药物［１］,其主要药理活性成分为银杏黄酮类和萜类化合物。银杏叶中黄酮类化合物主要有黄酮、黄酮醇及其甙类、儿茶素类和双...     

大孔树脂分离纯化陈皮中多甲氧基黄酮类化合物

以川陈皮素和橘皮素为评价指标,筛选陈皮中多甲氧基黄酮类的大孔树脂纯化工艺。采用高效液相色谱法检测川陈皮素和橘皮素;采用静态和动态吸附、解吸实验筛选大孔树脂种类和工艺参数。D101型大孔树脂对陈皮中多甲氧基黄酮类吸附最好,最佳工艺条件为:洗脱剂为80%乙醇,洗脱剂用量为6倍柱体积(BV),最佳上样液浓度为500 mg/mL;经过处理后川陈皮素和橘皮素的纯度分别提高了3.7倍和3.2倍。大孔树脂能用于陈皮中多甲氧基黄酮类化合物的分离纯化。     

艾纳香中的黄酮类化合物及其抗氧化与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性研究

本文对艾纳香Blumea balsamifera DC.叶中的黄酮类成分及其抗氧化与α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性进行了研究。从艾纳香叶中分离得到9个黄酮类化合物,分别鉴定为:4'-甲氧基二氢槲皮素(1),柽柳黄素(2),3,3'-二甲氧基槲皮素(3),7,4'-二甲氧基二氢槲皮素(4),(2α,3β)-二氢鼠李素(5),艾纳香素(6),sterubin(7),enodicytol(8),二氢槲皮素(9)。化合物3、5、8为首次从艾纳香中分离得到。分别用DPPH法和PNPG法筛选化合物的抗氧化活性及α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。结果表明化合物2、5~9表现出强抗氧化活性;化合物1~3、5、9表现有较高的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制活性。该结果为艾纳香的品质评价和深度开发利用提供了理论依据。     

植物黄酮类化合物的研究进展

植物黄酮类化合物作为一类具有较高药用价值的化合物,一直是国内外生物类和医药类研究的热门课题。随着研究的不断进展,黄酮类化合物的药用价值及其构效关系也不断被发掘,越来越多的黄酮类化合物药物制剂也相继投入临床应用。综述了近年来植物黄酮类化合物的研究进展,对其种类结构、理化性质、药理活性及分离提纯与鉴定作了较为系统的阐述。针对生产工艺中存在的主要问题,提出了相应的解决方法。展望了其在医药卫生方面的应用前景。     

生物黄酮作为天然辐射防护剂的研究进展

近年来的研究发现多种天然来源的黄酮类化合物具有明显的抗辐射作用,其作用机制与其对造血系统和免疫系统的保护、对活性氧自由基的清除和对脂质过氧化的抑制以及对DNA损伤的防护等作用有关。本文就黄酮类化合物抗辐射活性及其作用机理进行综述,并重点关注黄酮类化合物作为天然辐射防护剂的研究进展,以期为生物黄酮在抗辐射功能食品中的应用开发提供帮助。     

菊米中黄酮类化合物的提取讨论

简介了黄酮类化合物的分类和生物学活性及大孔吸附树脂纯化黄酮类化合物的原理、特点和一般的纯化过程,概述了大孔吸附树脂纯化菊米中黄酮类化合物的研究进展,并对大孔树脂在纯化黄酮类化合物中的应用前景进行了展望。     

黄酮类化合物抑制微生物活性及其作用机制

本文综述了黄酮类化合物抑制细菌、病毒和真菌的活性及可能的作用机制,黄酮类化合物结构与抑菌活性之间的关系。结果表明,黄酮类化合物主要通过抑制细菌DNA旋转酶,抑制细菌细胞质膜的功能,抑制细菌能量代谢等方面发挥抑菌功效。指出黄酮类化合物是今后抗病源微生物药物开发新的研究方向。     

海金沙的化学成分和药理活性研究进展

海金沙是海金沙科海金沙属多年生蕨类植物,在我国广东、海南、江苏、浙江等地广泛分布。海金沙含有黄酮类化合物、酚酸及其糖苷类化合物及三萜类化合物等多种生物活性成分,具有利胆、防治结石、抗氧化、抗茵等多种药理活性。对海金沙的化学成分和药理活性做了综述,以便更好地对其进行开发利用。     

苦参异戊烯基黄酮类化合物的化学,活性及其生物合成研究进展

综述苦参(Sophora flavecens Aiton.)异戊烯基黄酮类化合物的化学，活性及其生物合成研究进展。     

柘属化学成分及生理活性新进展

本文以近8年来国内外报道的文献为依据,总结了从桑科柘属新发现的Xanthone化合物40个、黄酮类及异黄酮化合物32个,其中34个为新化合物,并对新报道的柘属化合物的生理活性进行了综述,为柘属植物的进一步开发利用提供依据。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

Entwicklungsgeschichte und Ultrastruktur von Pollenkitt und Exine bei nahe verwandten entomophilen und anemophilen Angiospermensippen derAlismataceae,Liliaceae, Juncaceae,Cyperaceae, Poaceae undAraceae

Some closely related members of the monocotyledonous familiesAlismataceae, Liliaceae, Juncaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae andAraceae with variable modes of pollination (insect- and wind-pollination) were studied in relation to the ultrastructure of pollenkitt and exine (amount, consistency and distribution of pollenkitt on the surface of pollen grains). The character syndromes of pollen cementing in entomophilous, anemophilous and intermediate (ambophilous or amphiphilous) monocotyledons are the same in principal as in dicotyledons. Comparing present with former results one can summarize: 1) The pollenkitt is always produced in the same manner by the anther tapetum in all angiosperm sub-classes. 2) The variable stickiness of entomophilous and anemophilous pollen always depends on the particular distribution and consistency of the pollenkitt, but not its amount on the pollen surface. 3) The mostly dry and powdery pollen of anemophilous plants always contains a variable amount of inactive pollenkitt in its exine cavities. 4) A step-by step change of the pollen cementing syndrome can be observed from entomophily towards anemophily. 5) From the omnipresence of pollenkitt in all wind-pollinated angiosperms studied one can conclude that the ancestors of anemophilous angiosperms probably have been zoophilous (i.e. entomophilous) throughout.

     

Identification and Characterization of the First Equine Parainfluenza Virus 5

正Dear Editor,Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5), known as canine parainfluenza virus in the veterinary field, is a negative-sense,nonsegmented, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Paramyxoviridae family (Chen 2018). The virus was first reported in primary monkey kidney cells in 1954 (Hsiung1972), then it has been frequently discovered in various     

Pathogenic Characterization and Full Length Genome Sequence of a Reassortant Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Newly Isolated in Pakistan

<正>Dear Editor,Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important diseases of the poultry. The IBD virus (IBDV), a nonenveloped virus belonging to the Birnaviridae family with a genome consisting of two segments of double-stranded RNA (segments A and B), targets B lymphocytes of bursa of Fabricious leading to immunosuppression. In Pakistan,poultry farming is the second biggest industry and IBD is the second biggest disease threating the poultry sector.However, there is limited genome information of IBDV