大豆提取物（CKBN）对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的观察大豆提取物（CKBN）对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法腹腔注射环磷酰胺（cyclophosphamide,CTX）建立免疫功能低下小鼠模型,观察1、25、50、100 mg/kg剂量CKBN对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果25 mg/kg组的CKBN可显著增加免疫低下小鼠的脾指数;25、50、100 mg/kg组均能明显抑制环磷酰胺对小鼠外周血白细胞数量的影响,1 mg/kg组可显著提高单核细胞百分率,50 mg/kg组可显著提高中性粒细胞百分率;100 mg/kg组的IgG2a水平高于环磷酰胺组;1、25、50 mg/kg可显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬功能;25 mg/kg组可显著提高NK细胞杀伤活性。结论CKBN能显著增强CTX造成的免疫低下小鼠的免疫功能。     

玉郎伞多糖对环磷酰胺所致的免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文旨在研究玉郎伞多糖(YLSPS)对环磷酰胺所致的免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响。选取60只体重相近的小鼠随机分为6组:空白对照组、环磷酰胺(CTX)模型组、阳性药左旋咪唑组(LMS)和YLSPS低、中、高剂量组。除空白对照组外,其它各组小鼠于给药的第1、3、5、7、9 d皮下注射CTX(30 mg/kg)造模。空白对照组用生理盐水(NS,0.1 mL/10 g)灌胃,LMS组用LMS[50 mg/(kg·d)]灌胃,YLSPS低、中、高剂量组用YLSP[150、300、600 mg/(kg·d)]灌胃,给药10 d后对小鼠胸腺和脾脏重量进行测定,检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性,并检测肝、脾巨噬细胞吞噬功能,观察二硝基氟苯(DNFB)诱导的迟发型超敏反应,并对小鼠负重游泳时间、常压缺氧、低温和高温环境下的存活时间以及对亚硝酸盐中毒性缺氧耐受性的影响进行检测。结果显示,与CTX模型组比较,YLSPS各剂量组能提高胸腺指数和脾脏指数;并能提高免疫抑制小鼠乳酸脱氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性;肝、脾巨噬细胞廓清指数和吞噬指数明显提高;中、高剂量组的耳肿胀度明显提高,并能延长小鼠负重游泳时间、常压缺氧存活时间、耐低温存活时间、耐高温存活时间和小鼠对亚硝酸盐中毒性缺氧耐受性。研究结果表明,玉郎伞多糖对环磷酰胺致免疫低下小鼠的非特异性免疫和特异性免疫具有增强作用,并有明显的抗应激作用。     

水解南珠片对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响

本实验以腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立免疫低下小鼠模型,灌胃给予水解南珠片高、中和低剂量(2.04 g/kg,1.02 g/kg和0.51 g/kg)30 d,观察水解南珠片对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的影响。结果显示,水解南珠片高剂量(2.04 g/kg)能显著提高免疫低下小鼠单核巨噬细胞系统碳粒廓清指数K(p0.05);水解南珠片高、中、低剂量(2.04 g/kg,1.02 g/kg,0.51 g/kg)能显著提高免疫低下小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞相对数量(p0.01);水解南珠片高、中剂量(2.04 g/kg,1.02 g/kg)能显著提高免疫低下小鼠血清溶血素吸光度值(p0.01)。上述结果表明,水解南珠片对免疫功能低下小鼠的固有免疫、细胞免疫和体液免疫功能均有一定的增强作用。     

紫球藻及其胞外多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

探讨紫球藻及其胞外多糖对免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的调节作用,用环磷酰胺(CY)建立昆明种小鼠免疫功能低下的实验模型。小鼠随机均分6组,其中2组每天分别给予紫球藻藻粉1200、600 mg/kg灌胃,2组给予紫球藻胞外多糖300、150 mg/kg灌胃,正常对照组及CY组用等容积生理盐水灌胃,连续14 d。实验结果表明紫球藻及其胞外多糖均可显著提高免疫抑制小鼠的脾指数、胸腺指数、碳廓清能力、单核细胞吞噬功能,并可对抗环磷酰胺引起的外周血白细胞数目下降,因此紫球藻藻粉及其胞外多糖对小鼠免疫功能具有一定的正向调节作用。毒性实验表明,小鼠腹腔注射300、150 mg/kg紫球藻胞外多糖溶液和分别给予紫球藻藻粉1200、600 mg/kg灌胃,小鼠未出现死亡,也未有明显毒性反应出现的一些指标变化,说明紫球藻藻粉及胞外多糖的安全性较高。     

天门冬多糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠的免疫调节作用

为探讨天门冬多糖对免疫功能低下小鼠的免疫调节作用,本实验建立环磷酰胺诱导免疫抑制小鼠模型。通过称重计算脾脏指数和胸腺指数;MTT法检测T、B淋巴细胞增殖反应;双抗夹心ELISA方法检测小鼠血清中IL-2和IL-4水平,测定天门冬多糖对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的调节作用。结果表明天门冬多糖能够提高免疫抑制小鼠的脾脏指数和胸腺指数,在ConA或者LPS刺激下提高T、B淋巴细胞增殖率,提高血清中IL-2和IL-4水平。天门冬多糖对环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠有一定的保护作用。     

千斤拔多糖对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

为研究千斤拔多糖对正常及免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的调节作用,该研究选用SPF级BALB/c小鼠,免疫抑制小鼠采用隔天皮下注射环磷酰胺(40 mg·kg~(-1))5次,通过测定脾脏、胸腺质量及计算脏器指数,采用碳粒廓清法计算单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能,在鸡红细胞免疫后测定小鼠血清溶血素抗体水平,同时观察高、低剂量千斤拔多糖(剂量分别为500、1 000 kg·d~(-1))对正常小鼠及免疫低下小鼠免疫调节的影响。结果表明:千斤拔多糖高、低剂量组对正常及免疫低下小鼠均有不同程度的增加脾脏指数、胸腺指数的作用;千斤拔多糖高、低剂量组对正常及免疫低下小鼠均能提高廓清指数,但没有统计学意义;千斤拔多糖高剂量组对正常及免疫低下小鼠的血清溶血素抗体水平都有显著性提高。这说明千斤拔多糖能有效提高正常及免疫低下小鼠免疫功能的作用。     

黄鳍金枪鱼头蛋白酶解液对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用

以金枪鱼头为原料,经酶解得到蛋白酶解液;以环磷酰胺造小鼠免疫功能低下模型,同时灌胃金枪鱼头蛋白酶解液,观察小鼠免疫脏器指数,巨噬细胞吞噬功能,ConA刺激的淋巴细胞增殖和溶血空斑细胞形成能力。结果显示金枪鱼头蛋白酶解液能显著增强免疫抑制状态下的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬能力和胸腺、脾脏指数;明显提高免疫抑制状态小鼠的脾淋巴细胞转化能力及抗体细胞形成能力。说明金枪鱼头蛋白酶解液对环磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下小鼠的非特异性免疫和特异性免疫功能都有正向调节作用。     

砂生槐水提取物对免疫抑制小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响

探讨藏药砂生槐水提取物对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响.通过小鼠腹腔注射环磷酰胺建立免疫抑制动物模型,应用砂生槐水提取物对免疫抑制小鼠进行治疗,采用MTT比色法检测免疫抑制小鼠T淋巴细胞增殖和放免法测定其血清IL-2和TNF-α水平.结果表明:与模型对照组比较,砂生槐水提取物三个剂量组均可协同ConA促进免疫抑制小鼠T淋巴细胞的增殖(P＜0.01),同时提高免疫抑制小鼠血清IL-2、,INF-α的水平,尤其2.4 g/kg·d剂量组的IL-2、TNF-α水平升高较为明显(P＜0.05).提示砂生槐水提取物可以增强免疫抑制小鼠的T细胞免疫功能.     

壳聚糖载黄芪多糖纳米粒调节糖尿病小鼠免疫功能

研究低分散度壳聚糖载黄芪多糖纳米粒(LCA)对糖尿病(DM)小鼠免疫功能的影响。注射链脲佐菌素与环磷酰胺混合试剂建立DM合并免疫力低下小鼠模型,酶法制备低分散度壳聚糖,离子交联法制备低分散度壳聚糖纳米粒,超声包埋黄芪多糖制备药物对昆明小鼠灌胃,每天1次,连续30 d。ELISA法检测小鼠血清Ig M、Ig G与INF-γ的含量,碳粒廓清法测定非特异性免疫功能,耳肿胀法检测迟发型变态反应,MTT法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖率以反映细胞免疫功能。结果显示灌胃350 mg/(kg·d)LCA显著提高血清Ig M、Ig G的分泌,显著降低INF-γ表达量,增强碳粒廓清率,提高小鼠迟发型变态反应(DTH),改善脾淋巴细胞增殖反应。适当剂量的低分散度壳聚糖载黄芪多糖纳米粒能提高DM小鼠体液免疫、非特异性免疫及细胞免疫功能,且效果优于纯黄芪多糖。     

两面针提取物(S0)对小鼠镇痛、抗炎和止血作用的研究(英文)

本研究对两面针根的提取物S0进行了镇痛、止血和抗炎药理实验,每种作用选用两种实验方法来评价。镇痛作用采用热板法和扭体法。热板法实验显示,S0在150mg/kg剂量时,小鼠痛阈值明显提高(P<0.01);扭体法实验显示,S0在150mg/kg剂量为时,对冰醋酸致痛的小鼠扭体反应次数减少了70.96%(P<0.01)。抗炎实验采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法及腹腔染料渗出法。二甲苯致炎剂实验表明,S0在150mg/kg剂量时,对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀有明显抑制作用,抑制率为63.45%(P<0.01);冰醋酸所致的腹腔毛细血管通透性实验中,S0在150mg/kg和75mg/kg两个剂量组时,对小鼠的抗炎效果分别为52.94%(P<0.01)和52.00%(P<0.01)。止血实验采用毛细玻璃管法和载玻片法。毛细玻璃管实验表明S0在150mg/kg和75mg/kg两个剂量时,凝血时间明显缩短(P<0.01);载玻片实验表明S0在150mg/kg剂量时,凝血时间明显缩短(P<0.01)。总之,两面针中提取物S0对小鼠具有显著的镇痛、止血和抗炎作用。     

植物乳杆菌P-8对小鼠免疫功能的调节作用研究

摘要 目的：不同类型的益生菌株免疫调节功能各异。本文旨在评价植物乳杆菌P-8（Lactobacillus plantarum P-8）对小鼠免疫功能的调控作用及机制。方法：C57BL/6J小鼠每日灌胃给予不同剂量的植物乳杆菌P-8（0. 25 mg/kg、0.5 mg/kg、1.5 mg/kg）,连续30天,记录小鼠一般情况。给药结束后处死动物,测定小鼠脏器/体重比;小鼠碳廓清实验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验评价各组小鼠的单核-巨噬细胞功能;血清溶血素测定、抗体生成细胞实验评价各组小鼠的体液免疫功能;脾淋巴细胞转化实验、迟发型变态反应实验评价各组小鼠的细胞免疫功能;NK细胞的活性测定实验评价小鼠的NK细胞活性。结果：与对照组相比,低、中、高剂量组植物乳杆菌P-8对小鼠脏器/体重比值差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;且植物乳杆菌P-8可显著提高小鼠的碳廓清能力、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力、半数溶血值、二硝基氟苯诱导的小鼠迟发型变态反应及NK细胞活力（P均<0.05）。结论：植物乳杆菌P-8可通过提高单核-巨噬细胞功能、体液免疫功能、细胞免疫功能及NK细胞活力增强小鼠的免疫功能。     

The effect of prenatal exposure to the n-butylester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) on the immune response in mice

Pregnant CD-1 mice were administered the n-butylester of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) by gastric intubation on day 11 of gestation at dosages ranging from 0 to 200 mg/kg (2,4-D content). The immune response in the female offspring was elevated at 6 weeks of age. The humoral immune response, antibody production against sheep red blood cells, was not altered by 2,4-D ester exposure during gestation. The mitogen responses of lymphocytes induced by concanavalin A, a T-lymphocyte mitogen, or by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide, a B-lymphocyte mitogen, were reduced in the highest exposure group (200 mg/kg), although the T-lymphocyte suppression was not statistically significant. A similar response pattern was observed in the background nonstimulated lymphocyte cultures, suggesting that the suppression was a generalized lymphocyte abnormality. Evaluation of the mitogen responses using stimulation indices to correct for the variable background responses demonstrated that 2,4-D produced no net suppressive effect in any of the treatment groups. Since in utero 2,4-D ester exposure produced no alterations in humoral immunity and only subtle effects on lymphocyte blastogenesis, it is unlikely to be of any immunotoxicological or immunoteratological significance. Further studies investigating commercial-grade 2,4-D formulations are necessary since these formulations contain other components that may potentially induce alterations in the immune system.     

扇贝糖胺聚糖对感染HSV-Ⅰ小鼠免疫功能的影响研究

目的:研究扇贝裙边糖胺聚糖(glycosaminoglycan from Scallop Skirt,SS-GAG)对感染单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(herpes simplex virus type,HSV-Ⅰ)小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法:通过在无菌条件下给予小鼠注射扇贝糖胺聚糖SS-GAG,连续11天,并在给药第三天给小鼠腹腔注射HSV-Ⅰ病毒悬液建立小鼠感染模型,用MTT等方法观察SS-GAG对HSV-Ⅰ感染小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬活性的影响、对脾脏指数、胸腺指数的影响以及对脾淋巴细胞转化能力等免疫指标的影响。结果:与病毒对照组相比,扇贝糖胺聚糖SS-GAG低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组均能显著增强HSV-Ⅰ感染小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬活性和HSV-Ⅰ感染小鼠的脾脏指数和胸腺指数(P0.01),并且能促进其脾淋巴细胞转化增殖能力(P0.01)。结论:扇贝糖胺聚糖在体内有一定的抗Ⅰ型单纯疱疹病毒作用。其抗病毒作用可能与增强机体免疫功能有关。     

中国被毛孢和蝙蝠蛾拟青霉小鼠免疫功能调节作用的比较

目的观察中国被毛孢和蝙蝠蛾拟青霉对小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法分别给予中国被毛孢和蝙蝠蛾拟青霉后,测定观察对小鼠碳粒廓清功能、迟发性变态反应、溶血素抗体、淋巴细胞增殖和NK细胞活性等的影响。结果3．0g／kg中国被毛孢和蝙蝠蛾拟青霉可显著提高小鼠吞噬指数和半数溶血值（P〈0．01）、显著提高T、B淋巴细胞增殖能力（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）、显著提高NK细胞活性（P〈0．05）,0．5～1．5g／kg中国被毛孢都能显著抑制小鼠耳廓肿胀（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）,同时还能抑制脾脏和胸腺增大（P〈0．01,P〈0．05）。结论中国被毛孢和蝙蝠蛾拟青霉均具有免疫调节作用,而中国被毛孢免疫抑制及增强天然免疫系统作用要优于蝙蝠蛾拟青霉,而对适应性免疫系统增强作用蝙蝠蛾拟青霉优于中国被毛孢。     

甲型肝炎、乙型肝炎病毒混合抗原的细胞免疫学研究

评价甲型肝炎病毒和乙型肝炎病毒混合抗原对细胞免疫反应的影响。采用小鼠迟发型超敏反应(DTH)、脾脏淋巴细胞增殖实验和淋巴细胞亚型分群实验 ,对甲肝抗原 (HAAg)、乙肝表面抗原 (HBsAg)和甲乙肝混合抗原 (HAAg +HBsAg)进行检测 ,并进行统计学分析。混合抗原没有降低相应单价抗原的各项细胞免疫反应强度 ,且较单一 ,HBsAg表现出了显著的抗原特异性T淋巴细胞和Th2细胞增殖作用 (P <0 .0 5 )。混合抗原表现出良好的细胞免疫反应原性 ,同时可能辅助B细胞 ,增强体液免疫应答能力。     

Anti-oxidants as modulators of immune function

In order to confirm the hypothesis of the immunomodulating action of anti-oxidants (bringing back altered immune function to more optimum values), the possibility that anti-oxidants may be useful in two experimental models of altered immune function has been studied. The first is a pathological model, that is, lethal murine endotoxic shock caused by an LPS injection of 100 mg/kg, in which the lymphocytes show increased adherence and depressed chemotaxis. The injection of N-acetylcysteine (150 mg/kg), which increased both functions in control animals, decreased adherence and increased chemotaxis in mice with endotoxic shock. The second is a physiological model; aged human subjects (70 +/- 5-year-old men) who, in their largest segment of population ('standard' group) showed an increased lymphocyte adherence and decreased lymphoproliferative response to mitogens compared with younger adults. The ingestion of vitamin E (200 mg daily for 3 months in this standard group) lowered adherence and stimulated lymphoproliferation. However, a smaller segment of the human population tested showed 'non-standard' values in these lymphocyte functions, that is, very low adherence and very high proliferation. In those subjects, vitamin E showed the opposite effects, namely adherence increase and depressed lymphoproliferation. In both age groups of men, these functions reached adult levels after vitamin E ingestion. These data suggest that anti-oxidants preserve adequate function of immune cells against homeostatic disturbances such as those caused by endotoxic shock and ageing.     

扇贝糖胺聚糖对感染HSV-I小鼠免疫功能的影响研究

目的：研究扇贝裙边糖胺聚糖（glycosaminoglycan from Scallop Skirt,SS—GAG）对感染单纯疱疹病毒I型（herpes simplex virustype,HSV-I）小鼠免疫功能的影响。方法：通过在无菌条件下给予小鼠注射扇贝糖胺聚糖SS．GAG,连续11天,并在给药第三天给小鼠腹腔注射HSV—I病毒悬液建立小鼠感染模型,用MTT等方法观察SS—GAG对HSV—I感染小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬活性的影响、对脾脏指数、胸腺指数的影响以及对脾淋巴细胞转化能力等免疫指标的影响。结果：与病毒对照组相比,扇贝糖胺聚糖SS-GAG低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组均能显著增强HSV．I感染小鼠的腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬活性和HSV—I感染小鼠的脾脏指数和胸腺指数（P〈0．01）,并且能促进其脾淋巴细胞转化增殖能力（P〈0．01）。结论：扇贝糖胺聚糖在体内有一定的抗I型单纯疱疹病毒作用。其抗病毒作用可能与增强机体免疫功能有关。     

Study of the immunotropic activity of aminoglycoside antibiotics

The action of some aminoglycoside antibiotics on the immune system was studied on both intact mice and the animals with immune deficiency caused by administration of cyclophosphamide. The following tests were used: local hemolysis (the Herne test), lymphocyte transformation (LT), delayed hypersensitivity to sheep red blood cells and the local graft versus host reaction (GVHR). Amikacin was shown to have no significant action on the activity of lymphocytes in the intact mice and stimulated both cellular (LT and GVHR) and humoral (the Herne test) immunity in the animals with lowered immunological reactivity. Sisomicin had no significant action on the immune system of the animals. Gentamicin suppressed the immune response only in the intact mice. Kanamycin and streptomycin induced inhibition of humoral and cellular immunity in both the intact mice and animals with immune deficiency. On the basis of the results it was concluded that gentamicin, amikacin and sisomicin may be used in the treatment of diseases developing in the presence of immune deficiency whereas streptomycin and kanamycin should be recommended when inhibition of the immunity is needed.     

IL-2与猪细小病毒VP2基因双表达载体的构建及免疫原性的研究

将白细胞介素-2基因和猪细小病毒VP2基因主要抗原区克隆至pCI-neo真核表达载体中,构建了pCIneo-IL2-VP2重组质粒,用脂质体将其转染到PK-15细胞中,利用免疫荧光方法检测在体外表达情况。并以小鼠为动物模型,将pCIneo-IL2-VP2重组质粒、对照组pCI-neo和猪细小病毒活疫苗通过肌肉注射进行免疫,检测免疫小鼠的淋巴细胞转化功能,特异性CTL杀伤活性和血清抗体滴度。结果显示,pCIneo-IL2-VP2在体外能够诱导PK-15细胞表达VP2蛋白,小鼠注射pCIneo-IL2-VP2质粒1周后能够诱导机体产生抗体,4周时达到峰值,与活疫苗对照组产生的抗体滴度、诱导T淋巴细胞增殖和诱导强的细胞毒性基本一致。试验表明,构建的pCIneo-IL2-VP2能够有效诱导机体产生体液免疫和细胞免疫。     

Immunosuppressive activity of Semen Persicae ethanol extract on specific antibody and cellular response to ovalbumin in mice

The immunosuppressive activity of the ethanol extract of Semen Persicae (EESP) was studied with respect to specific antibody and cellular response to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice. The effects of EESP on mice splenocyte proliferation in vitro were measured. EESP significantly suppressed concanavalin A (ConA)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effects of EESP at three dose levels on the humoral and cellular immune responses in the OVA-immunized mice were examined. ICR Mice were immunized subcutaneously with OVA on day 0 and 14. Starting on the day of immunization, the mice were administered intraperitoneally with EESP at a single dose of 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg, and cyclosporin A (CsA, positive drug) at a single dose of 0.1 mg at intervals of 7 days. On day 28, mitogen- and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation and OVA-specific antibody level in serum were measured. EESP significantly decreased ConA-, LPS-, and OVA-induced splenocyte proliferation in the OVA-immunized mice at the dose of 1.0 mg. Meanwhile, the OVA-specific serum IgG, IgG1, and IgG2b antibody levels in the OVA-immunized mice were markedly reduced by EESP in a dose-dependent manner. The results suggest that EESP could suppress the cellular and humoral immune response in mice, and deserve further research to be developed as immunosuppressant.