645例颌面部骨折患者的回顾性研究

目的:对口腔颌面部骨折患者的性别、年龄、致伤原因、损伤类型及部位进行临床回顾性总结.方法:对四川大学华西口腔医院口腔颌面外科2003年至2008年共5年间收治的645例口腔颌面部骨折患者的病历资料进行汇总和分析.结果:645例颌面部骨折患者男女比例为3.64:1;21～30岁(27.6%)为发病的高峰年龄段;夏秋两季为好发季节;交通事故(46%)在致伤原因中居首位.在颌面部骨折中,下颌骨骨折361例,占总数的56%,发生率最高.结论颌面部骨折的发病年龄有年轻化的趋势.颌面部骨折的发生有一定的季节性,夏秋是高发季节.     

5117例院前急救流行病学特征分析

目的分析柳州市120急救中心下属分中心2010年院前急救患者流行病学特征。方法对柳州市工人医院2010年1月1日～12月31日的院前急救患者的性别、年龄、就诊时间、急诊诊断或主诉、去向等要素进行统计分析。结果2010年我院院前急救患者5117例,男女比为1.46：1,年龄（49．284-22．26）岁,院前急救各月份出诊量最高为12月份,最低为5月份,每日院前急救高峰时间段为8;00～10;00;创伤、神经系统疾病、急诊症状及体征、心血管系统疾病、消化系统疾病、中毒居院前急救疾病谱前6位;30～59岁组男性与其他年龄组比较,更易患创伤和心血管系统疾病。结论（1）加强安全生产、遵守交通法规,降低创伤发生率。（2）加强心脑血管疾病的防治,普及全民急救知识,降低致残率、死亡率。（3）院前急救疾病谱的排序,对指导急诊急救专业人员培训和开展院前急救有重要意义。（4）关注30～59岁男性健康和安全防范教育,减少创伤和心脑血管系统疾病发生。     

初步探讨非定点三级甲等医院无缝连接一体化新冠肺炎分诊体系的构建

目的探讨基于新冠肺炎"重点、疑似"患者诊断标准构建无缝连接一体化新冠肺炎分诊体系,在辨识新冠肺炎病例中的效果与机理。方法从院前急救、预检分诊、急诊分诊、急诊医师识别、发热门诊医师识别、专家网络会诊六个层面科学整合医疗资源,构建无缝连接一体化新冠肺炎分诊体系,准确高效分流门急诊患者。结果构建体系前,重点患者占门急诊患者比率13.3%,疑似患者占6.27%,两类患者筛查后转运平均耗时36.2 min;构建体系后,重点患者占5.27%、疑似患者占1.84%,筛查后转运平均耗时21.6 min。结论无缝连接一体化新冠肺炎分诊体系辨识新冠肺炎重点、疑似病例具有明显优越性。通过层层筛查,该体系能提高新冠肺炎患者甄别质量与效率,缓解定点医院就诊压力,缩短重点、疑似患者筛查后转运时间。     

86 例骨盆骨折的流行病学回顾性分析

目的:探讨骨盆骨折的流行病学特征。方法:利用医学影像计算机存档与传输系统(PACS)及病案查询系统,回顾性分析我院2010年7月1日至2011年6月30日收治的86例骨盆骨折患者的流行病学特征。结果:男性58例,女性28例,男女性别比例2.07:1。年龄分布8-87岁,平均39.07±17.40岁,其中青年组(18-40岁)51例(59.30%)、中年组(41-65岁)23例(26.74%)。主要致伤原因为车祸51例(59.30%)、高坠伤24例(27.91%)。按骨盆骨折AO分型:A型45例(52.33%)、B型25例(29.07%)、C型16例(18.60%)。86例患者有30例合并其它部位的损伤,占34.88%。56例为单纯骨盆骨折,占65.12%。本组病例有31(36.05%)例行手术治疗,涉及脊柱骨科、创伤骨科、普外科、胸外科、脑外科。55(63.95%)例行保守治疗。创伤严重度评分(ISS)分布在4-43分,平均为17.50±6.14分。结论:盆骨骨折多发生于男性中青年患者,致伤原因主要是车祸及高坠伤,且骨盆骨折较易合并身体其它部位的损伤,各科室之间应加强合作治疗。     

下颌骨骨果状突骨折126例分析

我科１９８６～１９９７年共收治下颌骨骨果状突骨折１２６例,现分析如下：１临床资料１．１性别及年龄１２６例中男８９例,女３７例;最小年龄１２岁,最大年龄６３岁,其中１５～３０岁占６６％。１．２骨折原因跌落伤２８例（２２％）,交通事故伤５６例（４４％）,...     

三维超声心动图评价不同年龄段和性别主动脉瓣二叶畸形

目的:三维超声心动图评估不同年龄段和性别主动脉瓣二叶畸形(bicuspid aortic valve malformation,BAV)的应用价值。方法:超声心动图检测我院2012年6月至2014年9月70例BAV患者,根据年龄段分为4组,≤20岁年龄组7例,21-40岁年龄组14例,41-60岁年龄组30例,≥60岁年龄组19例;根据性别分为2组,男性42例,女性28例。测量不同病例分组的主动脉窦部及升部内径、室间隔厚度、左心功能及左房横径,比较主动脉瓣狭窄、关闭不全、钙化及脱垂四个合并症发生率。结果:在心脏结构指标方面,年龄段分组室间隔厚度≥60岁年龄组12.37±1.64 mm高于≤20岁年龄组10.43±2.22 mm和21-40岁年龄组11.00±1.92 mm;左房横径41-60岁年龄组38.73±7.95 mm和≥60岁年龄组40.05±9.71 mm高于≤20岁年龄组29.86±1.86 mm。性别分组左心功能女性64.18±6.04%高于男性58.71±11.28%。在合并症发生率方面年龄段分组主动脉瓣狭窄41-60岁年龄组80%、≥60岁年龄组84%高于21-40岁年龄组50%,性别分组狭窄男性81%大于女性54%,关闭不全女性79%大于男性50%。结论:三维超声心动图诊断BAV可获得更加全面、具体、直观的诊断信息,BAV的超声表现与患者年龄段和性别密切相关。     

新疆垦区607例颌面部骨折临床病例回顾性研究

目的:研究发生在新疆垦区颌面部创伤患者的损伤特点及诊治方法状况.方法:通过病案资料对新疆垦区五家医院收治的607例颌面部骨折患者性别、年龄、原因、全身损伤、骨折类型、治疗方法及术后疗效进行调查分析.结果:本组病例颌面部骨折男性占85.83%,20-40岁年龄段占68.04%,交通事故伤占54.04%,发生下颌骨骨折占75.45%,伴有全身损伤占18.62%和外伤性昏迷占20.76%;下颌运动受限(51.07%)、咬合紊乱(38.22%)和颜面畸形(40.69%)是颌骨骨折的三个主要体征;349例的骨折行手术复位和钛板坚固内固定(57.50%),均获满意疗效.结论:颌面部骨折中年轻男性多见,交通事故伤是其最主要原因,直接复位和固定是骨折治疗的有效方法,颌间牵引在新疆各垦区的颌面部骨折患者治疗中作用不可忽视,坚固内固定技术促进了颌骨骨折的治疗发展.     

结肠息肉镜下特征、病理分型及癌变规律分析

目的:探讨结肠息肉镜下特征、病理类型及血清学特点与癌变的相关性。方法:收集我院2011年6月~2013年6月肠镜证实的640名结肠息肉患者资料。对年龄、性别、息肉特征(部位、大小、数量、分型、病理等)分析,并将息肉者癌胚抗原与健康人比较。结果:检出息肉1144枚;年龄在41岁~60岁的占52.9%;发生在乙状结肠和直肠的占47.3%;多发及多部位息肉比例为56.9%和46.9%;腺瘤样息肉占87%;随年龄、息肉体积增加,癌变率增加;无蒂息肉癌变率高于有蒂息肉;两组血清癌胚抗原值差异有统计学意义。结论:结肠息肉多发生在乙状结肠和直肠;以腺瘤息肉为主;癌变与年龄、腺瘤大小、形态、病理类型有关。癌胚抗原可能在腺瘤样息肉的筛查及监测癌变存在意义。     

胃癌患者发病部位、发病年龄以及临床病理特征之间的关系

目的:探讨胃癌患者发病部位、发病年龄年龄以及临床病理特征之间的关系。方法:选取2008年1月～2017年12月哈医大一院及哈医四院普外科经手术治疗的1200例胃癌患者,对其发病部位、发病年龄与性别、肿瘤大小、Borrmann分型、大体分型、病理分化类型等情况进行统计学分析。结果:在113例早期胃癌患者中,60例发病部位在胃窦小弯部,占53.1%;胃体小弯部29例,占25.7%;胃角部14例,12.4%;贲门部10例,占8.8%。不同发病部位患者性别构成比较差异存在明显的统计学意义(P0.05),但年龄、肿瘤大小、大体分型、病理分化类型比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在1087例进展期胃癌患者中,好发部位以胃窦部最多,为608例(55.9%),其次是胃底贲门部249例(22.9%)和胃体部173(15.9%)。不同发病部位患者性别构成比较冲压存在明显的统计学意义(P0.05),而患者年龄、肿瘤大小、Borrmann分型、病理分化类型比较冲压无统计学意义(P0.05)。在不同年龄组别胃癌患者的统计中,全组男女总比为2.3:1,在≤40岁组中男女比例为1.1:1,40岁≤60岁组中男女比例为2.4:1,60岁组中男女比例为2.9:1,三组对比(x~2=8.39,P0.05)存在明显统计学意义;在病理学分化类型的三组对比中,以低分化腺癌为主占91.7%,但随着年龄的增长,高分化腺癌比例有所增加(x~2=16.74,P0.05)存在明显统计学意义;而发病部位以胃下部1/3最多649例,占54.1%,三组对比无明显统计学意义;肿瘤大小以2 cm≤5 cm最多567例,占47.3%,三组对比无明显统计学意义;Borrmann分型以BorrmannⅢ型最多594例,占49.5%,三组对比无明显统计学意义。结论:无论早期胃癌还是进展期胃癌,好发部位以胃窦小弯部最多;胃癌发病部位与性别存在一定关系,在早期胃癌中,发病部位越高,女性患者比例越大;在进展期胃癌中,胃癌发生的位置越高,男性比例越大;此外,胃癌患者年龄越小,女性比例越大;胃癌患者年龄越大,高、中分化腺癌的比例越大。胃癌患者的发病部位与临床病理特征无明显相关性。     

急诊昏迷患者的迅速分诊与急救方法探讨

目的:探讨急诊昏迷患者的迅速分诊与急救方法。方法:参照5级急诊预检分诊系统和急诊危重病降阶梯治疗方法,对我院2012年1月至2014年12月120例急诊治疗昏迷患者进行规范化分诊、急救护理,回顾性分析其诊疗效果。结果:120例昏迷患者有90例(75.00%)治愈出院,17例(14.17%)因病情平稳转至相关科室进行治疗,13例(10.83%)病死,急诊治疗总有效率和病死率分别为89.17%和10.83%。结论:分诊和急救处置的规范化对患者治愈和预后有重要影响。     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

鸡传染性法氏囊病病毒研究进展

传染性法氏囊病(Infection bursal disease, IBD)是由鸡传染性法氏囊病毒(Infectious bursal disease virus, IBDV)引起的鸡和火鸡的一种高度接触性传染病,给世界各国的禽养殖业带来了巨大损失.自IBDV发现至今新的变异株不断出现,分子结构的改变导致病毒致病力的改变及宿主对疫苗应答的改变,使得传统的疫苗已不能控制其流行,因此各国学者对其基因组结构和功能进行了广泛深入的研究,并积极研制新型有效的疫苗以达到防治的目的.     

Development of a Novel Reverse Transcription Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid Detection of SARS-CoV-2

In conclusion, the novel visual RT-LAMP assay is a simple, rapid, and sensitive approach for detection of SARS-CoV-2, and it is ready for application in primary care and community hospitals or health care centers, and even patients' own houses in response to the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic because the assay does not require sophisticated equipment and skilled personnel. Furthermore, it is also ready to be used in fields for screening samples from wild animals and environments to facilitate the identification of potential intermediate hosts that mediate the cross-species transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from bats to humans.     

Perinatal Vertical Transmission of Chikungunya Virus in Ruili,a Town on the Border between China and Myanmar

正Dear Editor,Chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an arbovirus in the family of Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus, is transmitted by the A.aegyptii or A. albopictus mosquito, and causes disease in humans characterized by fever, rash, and arthralgia (Silva and Dermody 2017; Suhrbier 2019). It was first reported in 1953 in Tanzania, and caused only a few outbreaks and sporadic cases in Africa and Asia in last century. However, in the epidemic in 2004, CHIKV acquired mutations that conferred enhanced transmission by the A. albopictus mosquito(Schuffenecker et al. 2006). Since then, it has successively caused outbreaks in Africa, the Indian Ocean, South East Asia, the South America, and Europe (Zeller et al. 2016).     

Enterovirus 71 3C proteolytically processes the histone H3 N-terminal tail during infection

Highlights
1. The N-terminal tail of histone H3 is specifically cleaved during EV71 infection.
2. Viral protease 3C is identified as a protease responsible for proteolytically processing the N-terminal H3 tail.
3. Our finding reveals a new epigenetic regulatory mechanism for Enterovirus 71 in virus-host interactions.