RNA干扰USE1基因慢病毒载体的构建及鉴定

旨在构建泛素结合酶USE1基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体,并在细胞中检测该基因的抑制表达水平,以期寻找Uba6-USE1特异性泛素化通路对应的下游底物并研究其功能。选取并合成靶向USE1基因的特异性shRNA序列,将其克隆至pLL3.7慢病毒抑制表达载体上,构建抑制USE1基因表达的重组慢病毒质粒并鉴定。将鉴定成功的重组质粒与psPAX2、VSVG慢病毒包装载体共转染至HEK-293细胞,收集病毒上清,测定病毒滴度并确定最佳感染稀释倍数,通过qPCR和Western Blot方法检测病毒感染HEK-293细胞后对USE1基因的抑制程度,获得能有效抑制USE1基因的慢病毒上清。结果显示,成功构建3种靶向USE1基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体,获得滴度符合要求的3种慢病毒包装上清液,感染HEK-293细胞后发现,第2、3号shRNA序列均有明显抑制表达USE1基因效果,基因表达抑制率约50%(*P0.05)。利用RNA干扰技术成功构建了特异性抑制泛素结合酶USE1基因表达的慢病毒载体,并经mRNA和蛋白水平检验得到2种能够显著抑制USE1表达的慢病毒上清及其shRNA序列。     

小鼠RNA干扰基因RelA慢病毒载体的构建与鉴定

目的：构建小鼠RelA 基因的RNA 干扰慢病毒载体,转染小鼠成骨样细胞并鉴定。方法：针对小鼠RelA 基因序列,设计特异 性的shRNA 序列,应用基因重组技术插入慢病毒载体GV-248。得到的重组质粒转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5-alpha,筛选得到阳性克隆 并扩大培养。所得质粒进行测序分析确定载体构建成功。重组质粒载体及包装辅助质粒转染293T 细胞,得到目的病毒并测定相 应病毒滴度。慢病毒转染MC3T3-E1 细胞后,Real-time PCR 及Western blot 检测MC3T3-E1 细胞RelA 基因及成骨相关基因 ALP、OCN、RANKL的表达。结果：成功构建小鼠RelA 基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体,感染MC3T3-E1 细胞后,RelA 基因的表达 明显受到抑制,同时RANKL基因表达水平明显下降,ALP、OCN基因表达水平明显上升。结论：成功构建了小鼠RelA 基因的 RNA 干扰慢病毒载体。当小鼠成骨细胞RelA基因表达被干扰,NF-资B 通路被抑制后,小鼠成骨细胞成骨相关基因ALP、OCN的 表达明显上升,成骨功能增强;同时RANKL 的表达明显下降,其介导的破骨细胞骨吸收功能减弱。     

小鼠RNA干扰RelA基因慢病毒载体的构建与鉴定

目的:构建小鼠Rel A基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体,转染小鼠成骨样细胞并鉴定。方法:针对小鼠Rel A基因序列,设计特异性的sh RNA序列,应用基因重组技术插入慢病毒载体GV-248。得到的重组质粒转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α,筛选得到阳性克隆并扩大培养。所得质粒进行测序分析确定载体构建成功。重组质粒载体及包装辅助质粒转染293T细胞,得到目的病毒并测定相应病毒滴度。慢病毒转染MC3T3-E1细胞后,Real-time PCR及Western blot检测MC3T3-E1细胞Rel A基因及成骨相关基因ALP、OCN、RANKL的表达。结果:成功构建小鼠Rel A基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体,感染MC3T3-E1细胞后,Rel A基因的表达明显受到抑制,同时RANKL基因表达水平明显下降,ALP、OCN基因表达水平明显上升。结论:成功构建了小鼠Rel A基因的RNA干扰慢病毒载体。当小鼠成骨细胞Rel A基因表达被干扰,NF-κB通路被抑制后,小鼠成骨细胞成骨相关基因ALP、OCN的表达明显上升,成骨功能增强;同时RANKL的表达明显下降,其介导的破骨细胞骨吸收功能减弱。     

携带三种报告基因慢病毒载体的构建及其实验研究

慢病毒是逆转录病毒科的一个属.它具有可以感染分裂期及非分裂期细胞、容纳外源性目的基因片段大、目的基因表达时间较长、免疫反应小等诸多优点,因此成为运载目的基因的理想载体而得到广泛的应用.构建了带有3种报告基因即红色荧光蛋白(mCherry)、荧光素酶基因(luciferase)及绿色荧光蛋白(eGFP)的慢病毒载体,其中...     

HIV-1缺损慢病毒载体的高滴度制备及其介导的高效基因转移

近来,慢病毒载体引起了极大关注,己成为转基因操作中重要的工具。用编码病毒组份的三质粒系统共转染293T包装细胞系,建立了大量制备HIV-1缺损慢病毒载体的方法,病毒载体的度可达到1.1×107IU/mL,离心浓缩可将载体滴度提高100倍以上。HIV-1缺损慢病毒载体可以高效转导人淋巴瘤等多种来源的细胞,RT-PCR检测显示外源基因GFP稳定表达达18个月以上,长期传代观测未检出p24抗原蛋白或可复制病毒。     

小鼠Smad6基因RNAi慢病毒载体的构建与鉴定

构建小鼠Smad6基因RNA干扰（RNAi）慢病毒载体,有效沉默骨髓树突状细胞（BMDC）的Smad6基因表达,为构建骨髓致耐受DC用于哮喘等自身免疫疾病的研究。设计小鼠Smad6 shRNA序列,合成、退火,得到双链DNA,与经酶切后的Psih1-H1-copGFP shRNA Vector载体连接产生LV-shSmad6慢病毒载体,并测序鉴定。转染293TN细胞,包装产生慢病毒,测定滴度。感染小鼠骨髓树突细胞,检测Smad6基因的表达状况成功构建Smad6 shRNA的慢病毒载体LV-shSmad6。包装慢病毒,并显著抑制Smad6 mRNA水平及蛋白水平的表达。成功构建出小鼠Smad6基因shR-NA慢病毒载体,为后期研究Smad6基因在哮喘发病机制及新治疗方法提供了稳定的转染细胞载体。     

利用Gateway技术构建慢病毒载体及其在鸡囊胚细胞中的表达

目的:建立慢病毒载体介导的外源基因在动物中表达的模式。方法:通过PCR扩增出带EGFP基因和特异性结合位点的DNA序列,并应用Gateway技术构建了带EGFP基因的pLenti6/v5-DEST慢病毒载体。利用磷酸钙介导慢病毒4质粒系统在包装细胞中转染,收集并浓缩产生的病毒颗粒,通过感染293FT细胞测定慢病毒滴度。结果:通过PCR扩增后测序分析,表明慢病毒载体构建正确。病毒滴度测定结果为2×107TU/mL。并用慢病毒对鸡囊胚细胞进行感染,获得了较强的表达效果。结论:慢病毒载体系统所产生的病毒颗粒对动物细胞具有较强的感染能力,为慢病毒载体在转基因家禽研究中的应用奠定了基础。     

Tet-On3G系统调控人巨细胞病毒蛋白pUL23稳定表达的人胚肺成纤维细胞(HELF)系的建立

人巨细胞病毒(Human cytomegalovirus,HCMV)为疱疹病毒家族一员,易导致免疫力低下或缺陷的人群严重疾病,目前对HCMV编码的皮层蛋白pUL23功能的相关报道很少。本研究应用Tet-On3G诱导表达系统,在人胚肺成纤维细胞(Human embryonic lung fibroblast,HELF)建立诱导表达HCMV病毒蛋白pUL23细胞模型。将病毒基因UL23和阳性对照基因EGFP分别定向插入应答慢病毒载体pLVX-TRE3G中,获得pLVX-TRE3GUL23-3×Flag、pLVX-TRE3G-EGFP重组慢病毒载体。运用二代慢病毒包装系统与Lenti-X293T包装细胞系,制备收获慢病毒后感染人胚肺成纤维细胞HELF。遗传霉素(Geneticin,G418)和嘌呤霉素(Puromycin,Puro)抗性筛选后多西环素(Doxycycline,Dox)诱导外源基因表达。感染后的细胞在96孔板有限稀释法成单克隆,分别采用RT-PCR与Western blot技术检测病毒UL23基因在mRNA水平与蛋白水平的表达量,筛选出当诱导时高效表达且未诱导时低表达的单克隆细胞;并评估Dox诱导剂量与诱导时间对外源蛋白pUL23表达的影响。限制性内切酶与测序显示重组质粒pLVX-TRE3G-UL23-3×Flag、pLVX-TRE3G-EGFP序列和方向正确。病毒蛋白pUL23在感染细胞中能够被诱导表达;当Dox浓度高于400ng/mL时pUL23蛋白表达量不再随Dox剂量增高而增高。在Dox诱导2h后,RT-PCR结果表明在921bp处有特定条带(UL23-3×Flag基因)与此同时,Western blot实验也检测到pUL23蛋白。这些结果表明,成功构建重组慢病毒载体,包装成慢病毒感染后,病毒基因UL23能够在人胚肺成纤维细胞中诱导表达。Dox的最佳工作浓度为400ng/mL,最佳诱导时间为12h至24h之间。这将为进一步研究病毒蛋白pU23的功能奠定基础。     

利用移码突变和终止密码子提高下游目的基因的表达水平

目的:在基因结构复杂的慢病毒载体插入报告基因并提高目的基因表达量。方法:慢病毒载体上有复杂的基因排列,为了不影响慢病毒载体的活性,必须尽量保留原有的基因,替换不必要的基因。首先将报告基因萤光素酶插入慢病毒载体替换基因Env后,结果检测不到报告基因的表达。为了提高报告基因的表达水平,将报告基因的读码框向后移动一个碱基,同时在其上游增加一个终止密码子,然后检测报告基因的表达水平。结果:通过移动报告基因的读码框同时在上游增加终止密码子,使报告基因的表达水平大大提高。结论:在构建基因表达载体时,通过改变目的基因与上游起始密码子ATG之间的相对位置以及增加终止密码子,可以大幅提高目的基因的表达水平。     

慢病毒介导的大鼠肝BRL-3A 细胞Tmub1 基因沉默及稳定感染细胞 系的建立

目的:构建Tmub1基因慢病毒干扰载体,建立稳定转染细胞系,检测大鼠肝BRL-3A细胞中Tmub1基因表达的干扰效果。方法:设计并构建4对针对大鼠Tmub1基因的特异性shRNA干扰质粒,酶切鉴定、DNA测序所得质粒。将由pRSV-Rev、pMDLg-pRRE、pMD2G和pll3.7干扰质粒组成的包装系统共转染293T细胞,产生慢病毒。所得慢病毒感染大鼠正常肝细胞BRL-3A,Western Blot检测不同靶点RNAi后Tmub1蛋白表达情况,确定有效靶点。针对有效靶点大量包装慢病毒。测定病毒滴度并以最适感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)感染BRL-3A细胞后,G418抗生素筛选稳定感染细胞系BRL-3A/256。RT-PCR和Western Blot检测各组细胞Tmub1 mRNA和蛋白质的表达差异。结果:结果显示Tmub1 RNAi慢病毒载体构建成功,C0020Sh2-Hops-256干扰靶点RNAi效果最强。成功包装Tmub1基因RNAi慢病毒,测定病毒滴度为2.3×108TU/ml,对293T细胞的最适感染复数为60。成功建立Tmub1 RNAi慢病毒载体稳定感染细胞系BRL-3A/256,且在该细胞系中Tmub1 mRNA和蛋白质表达明显降低。结论:成功构建Tmub1 RNAi慢病毒载体,有效干扰BRL-3A细胞中Tmub1 mRNA和蛋白表达;成功筛选出Tmub1RNAi慢病毒稳定感染细胞系BRL-3A/256。     

Ovine Adenovirus Vectors Overcome Preexisting Humoral Immunity against Human Adenoviruses In Vivo

Recombinant human adenoviruses (hAd) have become widely used as tools to achieve efficient gene transfer. However, successful application of hAd-derived vectors in clinical trials is limited due to immunological and potential safety problems inherent in their human origin. In this study, we describe a recombinant ovine adenovirus (OAV) as an alternative vector for gene transfer in vivo. In contrast to an hAd vector, the OAV vector was not neutralized by human sera. An OAV vector which contained the cDNA of the human alpha1-antitrypsin (hAAT) gene linked to the Rous sarcoma virus promoter was generated and administered systemically to mice. The level and duration of hAAT gene expression was similar to that achieved with an hAd counterpart in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice. However, the tissue distribution of the OAV vector differed from that observed for hAd vectors in that the liver was not the dominant target. Significantly, we demonstrated efficient gene transfer with the OAV vector into mice immunized with hAd vectors and vice versa. We also confirm that the immune response to a transgene product can prevent its functional expression following sequential application of a vector. Our results suggest a possible solution to endemic humoral immunity against currently used hAd vectors and should therefore have an impact on the design of improved gene therapy protocols utilizing adenovirus vectors.     

靶向Ang2的RNAi慢病毒载体的构建及其对恶性黑色素瘤细胞中Ang2基因表达的影响

目的 构建携带促血管生成素2-小干扰RNA（Ang2-siRNA）慢病毒载体,观察其对恶性黑色素瘤细胞中Ang2基因表达的干扰作用.方法 将经XbaⅠ酶切电泳鉴定的带有加强绿色荧光蛋白的转移质粒（pNL-EGFP）载体与pSilencer 1.0-U6启动子-促血管生成素2-小干扰RNA（pSilencer 1.0-U6-Ang2-siRNA）重组质粒连接,产生加强绿色荧光蛋白的转移质粒-U6启动子-促血管生成素2-Ⅰ（pNL-EGFP-U6-Ang2-Ⅰ）、加强绿色荧光蛋白的转移质粒-U6启动子-促血管生成素2-Ⅱ（pNL-EGFP-U6-Ang2-Ⅱ）慢病毒转移质粒,电泳筛选阳性克隆,测序鉴定.用连接成功的慢病毒转移质粒、水疱性口炎病毒G蛋白（pVSVG）包膜质粒和pHelper包装质粒共转染293T细胞,产生pNL-EGFP-U6-Ang2-Ⅰ、pNL-EGFP-U6-Ang2-Ⅱ慢病毒.收集病毒上清,测定病毒滴度.将收集的病毒上清感染恶性黑色素瘤细胞,通过实时荧光定量RT-PCR测定抑制Ang2基因表达的效率.结果 酶切电泳与测序鉴定证实成功构建了Ang2-SiRNA慢病毒载体,293T细胞测定病毒原液滴度为8.0×103/ml.实时荧光定量RT-PCR结果显示：Ang2-siRNA慢病毒载体感染恶性黑色素瘤细胞,抑制了恶性黑色素瘤细胞中Ang2基因的表达（P＜0.05）.结论 成功构建了Ang2-SiRNA慢病毒载体,体外研究显示Ang2-SiRNA慢病毒载体能抑制恶性黑色素瘤细胞中Ang2 mRNA的表达,为下一步进行裸鼠恶性黑色素瘤移植瘤生长的干预实验奠定基础,为肿瘤的基因治疗提供实验依据.     

乳酸菌载体pMG36e的应用现状

乳酸乳球菌通用表达质粒pMG36e是一个经典的人工构建的组成型表达载体,是以乳酸乳球菌乳脂亚种蛋白酶基因的转录和翻译信号为基础构建而成的。它包含一个强启动子,能够在多种细菌中表达外源蛋白。已用于研究细菌素作用机制,乳酸菌基因工程菌株的改造以及口服疫苗的开发等,应用领域十分广泛,已成为乳酸菌基因工程研究的重要工具质粒之一。本文主要从载体构成、基因表达与食品级载体改造等三方面的应用对其进行综述,旨在为该质粒今后研究提供资料。     

pLR: A lentiviral backbone series to stable transduction of bicistronic genes and exchange of promoters

Gene transfer based on lentiviral vectors allow the integration of exogenous genes into the genome of a target cell, turning these vectors into one of the most used methods for stable transgene expression in mammalian cells, in vitro and in vivo. Currently, there are no lentivectors that allow the cloning of different genes to be regulated by different promoters. Also, there are none that permit the analysis of the expression through an IRES (internal ribosome entry site) - reporter gene system. In this work, we have generated a series of lentivectors containing: (1) a malleable structure to allow the cloning of different target genes in a multicloning site (mcs); (2) unique site to exchange promoters, and (3) IRES followed by one of two reporter genes: eGFP or DsRed. The series of the produced vectors were named pLR (for lentivirus and RSV promoter) and were fairly efficient with a strong fluorescence of the reporter genes in direct transfection and viral transduction experiments. This being said, the pLR series have been found to be powerful biotechnological tools for stable gene transfer and expression.     

Tissue-specific consequences of the anti-adenoviral immune response: implications for cardiac transplants.

The immune response to adenoviral vectors can induce inflammation and loss of transgene expression in transfected tissues. This would limit the use of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in disease states in which long-term gene expression is required. While studying the effect of the anti-adenoviral immune response in transplantation, we found that transgene expression persisted in cardiac isografts transfected with an adenovirus encoding beta-galactosidase. Transfected grafts remained free of inflammation, despite the presence of an immune response to the vector. Thus, adenovirus-mediated gene transfer may have therapeutic value in cardiac transplantation and heart diseases. Furthermore, immunological limitations of adenoviral vectors for gene therapy are not universal for all tissue types.     

Gene therapy of severe combined immunodeficiencies

Recent advances in gene transfer in human hematopoietic cells, combined with a better understanding of the genetic aspects of several immunodeficiencies, has offered new opportunities in the domain of gene therapy. Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) appear to represent a good model for the application of gene therapy, combining an expected selective advantage for transduced cells, an absence of immunological response to the vector and/or the therapeutic transgene, together with accessibility to hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Ex vivo retroviral transduction of a therapeutic transgene in HSC prior to transplantation appears to be a particularly effective and long‐lasting means of restoring the expression of a mutated gene in the lymphoid lineage. Furthermore, encouraging therapeutic benefits as a result of a gene therapy protocol for the treatment of X‐linked severe combined immunodeficiencies (SCID‐X1) invites many questions as to the reasons for this therapeutic benefit. This review outlines the results that have been achieved in gene therapy for SCID‐X1, ADA‐SCID as well as other types of SCID, and discusses the possible relationship between the physiopathology of each disease and the success of relevant trials. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基因治疗心肌缺血的载体应用新进展

近年来,随着基因治疗技术的不断进步,为心肌缺血的治疗开辟了一条全新的途径,并取得了一些令人鼓舞的进展。基因治疗主要包括治疗基因、基因转移载体以及基因导入途径三个方面。基因转移载体又在治疗基因和基因表达之间起着桥梁作用,因此,发展安全、高效的基因转移系统是基因治疗的关键之一。目前用于基因治疗心肌缺血基因转移的载体主要有病毒载体和非病毒载体。下面将就不同载体在心肌缺血的基因治疗中的应用进展进行简要的总结。     

基因治疗心肌缺血的载体应用新进展

近年来,随着基因治疗技术的不断进步,为心肌缺血的治疗开辟了一条全新的途径,并取得了一些令人鼓舞的进展。基因治疗主要包括治疗基因、基因转移载体以及基因导入途径三个方面。基因转移载体又在治疗基因和基因表达之间起着桥梁作用,因此,发展安全、高效的基因转移系统是基因治疗的关键之一。目前用于基因治疗心肌缺血基因转移的载体主要有病毒载体和非病毒载体。下面将就不同载体在心肌缺血的基因治疗中的应用进展进行简要的总结。     

Increased antitumor capability of fiber-modified adenoviral vector armed with TRAIL against bladder cancers

Adenoviral vectors are widely used for cancer therapy and show a tumor-suppressing effect. However, bladder cancers are found to be resistant against infection of Ad5-derived adenoviral vector, limiting the application of the existing strategy of gene therapy. Therefore, efforts to develop novel types of adenoviral vector aimed for improving the viral infection and enhancing expression level of tumor-inhibiting transgene is urgently required. We constructed a 5/35 fiber-modified E1A-deleted adenoviral vector armed with TRAIL gene. Its ability to express this gene for inhibition of bladder cancer cell growth was investigated in our work. The results showed that this modification in fiber region facilitates adenoviral infection to bladder cancer, perhaps due to high expression of CD46 on target cell surface. Subsequently, we found an enhanced expression level of TRAIL mediated by 5/35 fiber-modified adenoviral vectors in bladder cancer cells, leading to an increased tumor-inhibiting capability of 5/35 adenoviral vector against bladder cancer cells. Consistently, growth of xenograft tumors in mice was also effectively inhibited by 5/35 fiber-modified vector-mediated gene therapy strategy. The 5/35 fiber-modified adenoviral vector-based gene transfer shows an improved efficacy against bladder cancers. The application of this novel gene therapy vector may benefit the patients in clinical bladder cancer treatment.