汉坦病毒中国疫苗株Z37M片段的克隆及序列分析

汉坦病毒Z37株是从褐家鼠体内分离到的,用于生产双价肾综合征出血热疫苗的病毒毒株之一,血清分型为SEO型。利用RT-PCR方法扩增Z37株M基因片段cDNA,克隆入质粒载体,进行核苷酸序列测定及分析。Z37株M基因片段由3651个核苷酸组成,只有一个开放读码框架,共编码1133个氨基酸。与HTN型病毒(76-118、A9、HV-114)的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为71.8%～72.1%、76.2%～76.7%,与SEO型(R22、L99、80-39)的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别为95.3%～96.1%、95.3%～98.9%。这一结果的获得进一步从分子水平确定了Z37株的型别,并为研制M基因片段重组疫苗打下基础。     

汉坦病毒HTN261株S基因片段的核苷酸序列测定及分析

黑龙江省是肾综合征出血热(HFRS)的重疫区。近年来HFRS年的发病人数曾超过万人。流行病学和血清学研究表明黑龙江省HFRS疫区主要是姬鼠型,但目前尚缺乏病毒的分子生物学资料。我们对从疫区捕获的宿主动物-黑线姬鼠肺中分离的汉坦病毒HTN261株的S基因片段的全基因序列进行了测定和初步分析。结果如下,HTN261株的S基因片段的全序列长为1697nt。只有一个主要的编码N蛋白的ORF,起始位置为第37nt,终止于1326nt,编码的蛋白长为429aa。没有发现存在ORF2。HTN261株的S基因片段核苷酸序列与HTN型中的病毒株的同源性很高,而与汉坦病毒其他型的同源性较差。从种系发生树分析来看,HTN261株归结于汉坦病毒的HTN型。在HTN型之内,HTN261株和HTN76-118株在一个分枝内。就其核苷酸和蛋白的同源性来说,HTN261株和HTN76-118株的同源性分别是89%(全S基因)和98%(蛋白)。而与中国境内发现的其他汉坦病毒株Z10,HU,Chen4,NC167等基因和蛋白的同源性相对较差。汉坦病毒除具有其宿主的依赖性外,还具有其地理的簇集性。HTN261株和HTN76-118株之间S基因和N蛋白序列的变异性的差异分别为11%和2%,表明HTN261株和HTN76-118株还有不同,可能是不同的亚型。不过,尚有待于进一步研究证明。     

汉坦病毒HTN261株S基因片段的核苷酸序列测定及分析

黑龙江省是肾综合征因热（HFRS）的重疫区。近年来HFRS年的发病人数曾超过万人。流行病学和血清学研究表明黑龙江省HFRS疫区主要是姬鼠型,但目前尚缺乏病毒的分子生物学资料。我们对从疫区捕获的宿主动物－黑线姬鼠肺中分离的汉坦病毒HTN261株的S基因片段的全基因序列进测定和初步分析。结果如下,HTN261株的S基因片段的全序列长为1697nt。只有一个主要的编码N蛋白的ORF,起始位置为第37nt,终止于1326nt,编码的蛋白长为429aa。没有发现存在ORF2。HTN261株的S基因片段核苷酸序列与HGTN型中的病毒株的同源性很高,而与汉坦病毒其他型的同源民生较差,从种系发生树分析来看,HNT261株归结于汉坦病毒的HTN型。在HTN型之内,HTN261株和HTN76－118株在一个分枝内,就其核苷酸和蛋白的同源性说,HT N261株和HTN76－118株的同源性分别是89％（全S基因）和98％（蛋白）。而与中国境内发现的其他汉坦病毒株Z10,HU,Chen4,NC167等基因和蛋白的同源性相对较差,汉坦病毒除具有其宿主的依赖性外,还具有其地理的簇集性。HTN261株和HTN76－118株之间S基因和N蛋白序列的变异性的差异分别为11％和2％,表明HTN261株和HTN76－118株还有不同,可能是不同的亚型。不过,尚有待于进一步研究证明。     

肾综合征出血热病毒Gou3株M片段的分子特性及序列的比较分析

为测定我国肾综合征出血热病毒Ｇｏｕ３株的Ｍ片段全基因序列,了解该株分子基础,并分析其瑟其他病毒株的差异,将提取的感染了病毒的Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞总ＲＮＡ进行逆转录ＰＣＲ扩增,产物直接或纯化后克隆Ｔ载体并测定序列,结果测得Ｇｏｕ３株Ｍ片段的全基因序列共３６５１个核苷 ,最大读码框架从４７到３４４８,共编码１１３４个氨基酸。     

Batai and Ngari viruses: M segment reassortment and association with severe febrile disease outbreaks in East Africa

Ngari virus is an orthobunyavirus recently recognized as a reassortant between Bunyamwera virus and an as yet unidentified M segment donor. Analysis of M segment sequences of Batai and Ilesha viruses revealed 95% deduced amino acid identity between Batai virus and Ngari virus. These findings suggest Batai virus as the donor of Ngari virus M segment sequence. Analysis of Batai virus-related African isolates identified UgMP-6830, isolated from mosquitoes in Uganda, as an isolate of Batai virus. KV-141, isolated during a febrile disease outbreak in Sudan, was identified as another isolate of Ngari virus, emphasizing a role of this reassortant virus in severe human illness throughout East Africa.     

Pathogenicity of Hantaan virus in newborn mice: genetic reassortant study demonstrating that a single amino acid change in glycoprotein G1 is related to virulence

Two Hantaan virus strains, clone 1 (cl-1), which is virulent in newborn mice, and its attenuated mutant (mu11E10), were used to examine the pathogenesis of Hantaan virus infection in a mouse model and identify virus factors relating to virulence. After subcutaneous inoculation of newborn BALB/c mice, cl-1 caused fatal disease with high viral multiplication in peripheral organs, but mu11E10 produced nonfatal infection with a low level of virus multiplication. Intracerebral inoculation of either strain caused fatal disease. Histopathological changes in the dead animals were prominent in the brain, indicating that the brain is the target organ and produces the fatal outcome. These results indicate that mu11E10 has a generally less virulent phenotype, and because of decreased multiplication in peripheral tissues, neuroinvasiveness is also decreased. An experiment with genetic reassortant viruses showed that in newborn mice the M segment is the most related to virulence and the L segment is partly related. Sequence comparison detected a single deduced amino acid change (cl-1 Ile to mu11E10 Thr) at amino acid number 515 in glycoprotein G1. One nucleotide change, but no amino acid substitution, was observed in the noncoding region of the L segment. In mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells in vitro, viruses possessing a cl-1-derived M segment grew more rapidly than viruses containing a mu11E10-derived M segment. These results suggest that the single amino acid change in the glycoprotein alters peripheral growth, which affects invasion of the central nervous system in mice.     

副粘病毒Tianjin株NP、P、M及L蛋白的生物信息学分析

为了进一步明确副粘病毒Tianjin株的来源和种系进化地位,探讨其高致病性的机制.对Tianjin株NP、P、M及L蛋白进行了生物信息学分析.进化树显示:Tianjin株属于副粘病毒亚科呼吸道病毒属,且很可能为仙台病毒新的基因型.相似性比较表明,P蛋白变异最大.相似性仅为78.7%～91.9%;L蛋白相似性最高,为96.0%～98.0%.序列比对显示:NP蛋白氨基酸序列中存在15个独特的变异位点,P蛋白存在29个,M蛋白存在6个,L蛋白存在29个.这些独特变异位点的存在很可能是导致Tianjin株在宿主来源和致病特点等方面与已知仙台病毒株具有较大差异的原因.     

cDNA nucleotide sequence encoding the ZPC protein of Australian hydromyine rodents: a novel sequence of the putative sperm-combining site within the family Muridae

This comparative study of the cDNA sequence of the zona pellucida C (ZPC) glycoprotein in murid rodents focuses on the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of the putative sperm-combining site. We ask the question: Has divergence evolved in the nucleotide sequence of ZPC in the murid rodents of Australia? Using RT-PCR and (RACE) PCR, the complete cDNA coding region of ZPC in the Australian hydromyine rodents Notomys alexis and Pseudomys australis, and a partial cDNA sequence from a third hydromyine rodent, Hydromys chrysogaster, has been determined. Comparison between the cDNA sequences of the hydromyine rodents reveals that the level of amino acid sequence identity between N. alexis and P. australis is 96%, whereas that between the two species of hydromyine rodents and M. musculus and R. norvegicus is 88% and 87% respectively. Despite being reproductively isolated from each other, the three species of hydromyine rodents have a 100% level of amino acid sequence identity at the putative sperm-combining site. This finding does not support the view that this site is under positive selective pressure. The sequence data obtained in this study may have important conservation implications for the dissemination of immunocontraception directed against M. musculus using ZPC antibodies.     

Comparison of the Amino Acid Sequence and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Peplomer,Integral Membrane and Nucleocapsid Proteins of Feline,Canine and Porcine Coronaviruses

Complete nucleotide sequences were determined by cDNA cloning of peplomer (S), integral membrane (M) and nucleocapsid (N) genes of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) type I strain KU-2, UCD1 and Black, and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) type II strain 79–1683. Only M and N genes were analyzed in strain KU-2 and strain 79–1683, which still had unknown nucleotide sequences. Deduced amino acid sequences of S, M and N proteins were compared in a total of 7 strains of coronaviruses, which included FIPV type II strain 79–1146, canine coronavirus (CCV) strain Insavc-1 and transmissible gastroenteritis virus of swine (TGEV) strain Purdue. Comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of M and N proteins revealed that both M and N proteins had an identity of at least 90% between FIPV type I and type II. The phylogenetic tree of the M and N protein-deduced amino acid sequences showed that FIPV type I and type II form a group with FECV type II, and that these viruses were evolutionarily distant from CCV and TGEV. On the other hand, when the S protein-deduced amino acid sequences was compared, identity of only about 45% was found between FIPV type I and type II. The phylogenetic tree of the S protein-deduced amino acid sequences indicated that three strains of FIPV type I form a group, and that it is a very long distance from the FIPV type II, FECV type II, CCV and TGEV groups.     

The genomes of sheeppox and goatpox viruses

Sheeppox virus (SPPV) and goatpox virus (GTPV), members of the Capripoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae, are etiologic agents of important diseases of sheep and goats in northern and central Africa, southwest and central Asia, and the Indian subcontinent. Here we report the genomic sequence and comparative analysis of five SPPV and GTPV isolates, including three pathogenic field isolates and two attenuated vaccine viruses. SPPV and GTPV genomes are approximately 150 kbp and are strikingly similar to each other, exhibiting 96% nucleotide identity over their entire length. Wild-type genomes share at least 147 putative genes, including conserved poxvirus replicative and structural genes and genes likely involved in virulence and host range. SPPV and GTPV genomes are very similar to that of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), sharing 97% nucleotide identity. All SPPV and GTPV genes are present in LSDV. Notably in both SPPV and GTPV genomes, nine LSDV genes with likely virulence and host range functions are disrupted, including a gene unique to LSDV (LSDV132) and genes similar to those coding for interleukin-1 receptor, myxoma virus M003.2 and M004.1 genes (two copies each), and vaccinia virus F11L, N2L, and K7L genes. The absence of these genes in SPPV and GTPV suggests a significant role for them in the bovine host range. SPPV and GTPV genomes contain specific nucleotide differences, suggesting they are phylogenetically distinct. Relatively few genomic changes in SPPV and GTPV vaccine viruses account for viral attenuation, because they contain 71 and 7 genomic changes compared to their respective field strains. Notable genetic changes include mutation or disruption of genes with predicted functions involving virulence and host range, including two ankyrin repeat proteins in SPPV and three kelch-like proteins in GTPV. These comparative genomic data indicate the close genetic relationship among capripoxviruses, and they suggest that SPPV and GTPV are distinct and likely derived from an LSDV-like ancestor.     

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus genomics and global diversity

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness with high case fatality that occurs in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The complete genomes of 13 geographically and temporally diverse virus strains were determined, and CCHF viruses were found to be highly variable with 20 and 8%, 31 and 27%, and 22 and 10% nucleotide and deduced amino acid differences detected among virus S (nucleocapsid), M (glycoprotein), and L (polymerase) genome segments, respectively. Distinct geographic lineages exist, but with multiple exceptions indicative of long-distance virus movement. Discrepancies among the virus S, M, and L phylogenetic tree topologies document multiple RNA segment reassortment events. An analysis of individual segment datasets suggests genetic recombination also occurs. For an arthropod-borne virus, the genomic plasticity of CCHF virus is surprisingly high.     

水稻南方黑条矮缩病毒湖南鼎城株系S10片段的基因组序列分析

运用RT-PCR技术克隆了水稻南方黑条矮缩病毒(southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus,SRBSDV)湖南鼎城株系的基因组S10片段(SRBSDV-HuNDCS10),并对其全序列进行了测定和生物信息学分析。结果显示,SRBSDV-HuNDC S10片段全长为1797bp(登录号:JQ337964),含有1个ORF,编码557个氨基酸残基的衣壳蛋白,推测分子量约62.6kD,推测等电点为7.62,与已报道的广东、海南和云南分离物病毒的S10作比较,它们的核苷酸相似性分别为99.7%、99.0%和98.4%,氨基酸相似性分别为100.0%、99.5%和99.3%。对SRBSDV-HuNDCS10及部分Fijiviruses病毒对应片段在5’URT与3’URT存在的保守序列和互补序列进行了归纳,对其ORF编码的氨基酸序列进行了motif查找,得到该属(Fijiviruses)氨基酸序列的10个保守区段。此外,进行了糖基化位点、磷酸化位点及B细胞抗原表位预测,发现了3个可能的N端豆蔻酰基化位点,可能与病毒的侵染机制有关。     

香蕉束顶病毒基因克隆和序列分析

对香蕉束顶病毒（ＢＢＴＶ）中国分离株ＤＮＡ组份Ｉ（ＤＮＡ－１）、外壳蛋白（ＣＰ）和运转蛋白（ＭＰ）基因进行了克隆和序列分析。ＢＢＴＶＤＮＡ－１含有１１０３个核苷酸,与南太平洋和亚洲分离株分别有８７％－８８％ ９６．９－９８％的核苷酸序列同源性。由ＤＮＡ－１编码的复制酶含有１８６个在酸残基。与南太平洋和亚洲分离株分别有８４．４％－９５．８％和９７．６％、９８．０％的氨基酸序列同源性。外壳蛋白基因由５     

Yellow head virus from Thailand and gill-associated virus from Australia are closely related but distinct prawn viruses.

Corresponding genomic regions of isolates of yellow head virus (YHV) from Thailand and gill-associated virus (GAV) from Australia were compared by RT-PCR and sequence analysis. PCR primers designed from sequences in the GAV ORF1b polyprotein gene amplified the corresponding 577 nucleotide region of the YHV genome. Comparison of the amplified region indicated 85.1% nucleotide and 95.8% amino acid sequence identity. YHV PCR primers designed to amplify a 135 nucleotide product previously described as a YHV diagnostic probe failed to amplify the corresponding product from GAV RNA. However, the cognate GAV sequence for this and another recently reported YHV sequence were located in an upstream region of the ORF1b gene. A comparison of these sequences indicated identities of 83.0 and 80.9% at the nucleotide level and 86.7 and 86.5% at the amino acid level, respectively. The data indicate that GAV and YHV are closely related but distinct viruses for which differential diagnostic probes can be applied.     

水稻瘤矮病毒基因组S9片段的基因结构特征

应用RT-PCR技术克隆了水稻瘤矮病毒(RGDV)中国广东信宜分离物(RGDV-C)的基因组S9片段,测定了全序列并进行了生物信息学分析。结果表明,RGDV-C S9片段全长共有1202bp(登录号AY556483),含有一个长的开放阅读框,这一开放阅读框编码一个由323个氨基酸残基组成的多肽,推测分子量约35.6kDa,与泰国分离物(RGDV-T)的全序列相比,它们的核苷酸长度相等,核苷酸同源性为98.1%,氨基酸同源性为98.5%。RGDV S9片段编码的Pns9蛋白在植物呼肠孤病毒属内未发现同源蛋白,其功能尚待确定。利用NCBI的BLAST查找与比较,发现Pns9与伯氏疏螺旋体(Borrelia burgdorferi)ATP依赖的Clp蛋白水解酶组分[ATP-dependent Clp prote-ase proteolytic component(clpP-1)]有21.8%的氨基酸序列同源性。