侵染落葵的黄瓜花叶病毒分离物CP基因序列分析

通过间接酶联免疫法(ID-ELISA)检测到染病落葵病样中存在黄瓜花叶病毒（Cucumber Mosaic Virus,CMV）。从病叶中提取总RNA,用RT-PCR方法扩增得到657bp的CMV CP基因片断,将扩增产物与T载体连接并进行测序。用DNA MAN将得到的CP基因序列与GenBank收录的黄瓜花叶病毒两亚组部分株系或分离物的CP基因序列进行比较,结果表明该CP基因与CMV亚组Ⅰ、亚组Ⅱ之间的核苷酸序列同源性分别为91.17~95.43%和75.30~75.76%,推导氨基酸序列同源性分别为95.41~97.71%和81.28~81.74%,表明CMV-Ba与亚组Ⅰ同源关系密切。     

黄瓜资源对黄瓜绿斑驳病毒广东分离物的抗性水平鉴定

【背景】黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)是严重威胁葫芦科作物生产的毁灭性病原之一,该病毒已入侵我国十多个省份,危害西瓜、黄瓜等作物并造成严重的经济损失。早在2009年广东即发现CGMMV为害西瓜和黄瓜,但黄瓜等葫芦科作物对其抗性情况尚不清楚。【方法】采用人工机械摩擦接种方法,测定了14份黄瓜种质资源对CGMMV广东分离物的抗性水平。【结果】从广东葫芦病样中分离获得CGMMV,该病毒分离物MP基因序列与国内报道的各分离物同源率均在99%以上;14份黄瓜种质资源对该病毒分离物均表现为感病。【结论与意义】广东主要黄瓜资源对CGMMV均表现为感病,这为我省防控该病毒病提供了科学依据,也为黄瓜抗病育种提供了指导。     

黄瓜花叶病毒亚组Ⅰ和Ⅱ分离物外壳蛋白基因的序列分析与比较

对我国分离的经生物学和血清学鉴定为黄瓜花叶病毒（ＣＭＶ）亚组Ⅰ和Ⅱ的各一分离物（ＧＢ、ＸＢ）的外壳蛋白（ＣＰ）基因进行了序列分析和比较。以提纯病毒ＲＮＡ为模板,进行逆转录及ＰＣＲ扩增,并通过常规基因克隆方法得到插入ＣＰ基因片段的重组克隆。对插入ＧＢ和ＸＢ两个分离物ＣＰ基因片段的重组克隆进行全序列测定,结果表明重组克隆序列长分别为７７７ｂｐ和７９２ｂｐ,均只含一个开放读框（ＯＲＦ）,长度为６５７ｎｔ,可编码２１８个氨基酸;两个分离物的ＣＰ基因核苷酸序列同源率为７７５％,氨基酸序列同源率为８２６％。与我国已报道的７个ＣＭＶ分离物的ＣＰ基因序列比较,分离物ＧＢ的同源率为９１３％～９７３％,分离物ＸＢ的同源率为７６６％～７８４％。与国际上已报道部分ＣＭＶ株系的ＣＰ基因序列相比较,分离物ＧＢ与亚组Ⅰ株系有更密切的亲缘关系,而分离物ＸＢ则与亚组Ⅱ株系的亲缘关系更密切。     

侵染辣椒的黄瓜花叶病毒CP基因的序列分析、原核表达及抗血清制备

从吉林长春感病辣椒上获得一黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)分离物(CMV-CC),根据GenBank中已登录的CMV外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因核苷酸序列设计简并引物,通过RT-PCR的方法克隆到了长度为657 bp的目的片段。序列分析表明,CMV-CC与CMVI组各分离物核苷酸同源性为93.2%-97.9%。根据完整CP基因核苷酸序列构建的系统进化树显示:38个CMV分离物可分为3个组,CMV-CC属于CMV的IB亚组。将CMV-CC CP基因与原核表达载体pET-22b(+)连接,在大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)诱导表达出分子量约27 kD的融合蛋白。表达的融合蛋白经树脂纯化后免疫家兔制备了抗血清。用间接ELISA测定抗血清效价为1/4 096。Western blotting分析表明制备的抗血清对CP有高度特异性,为准确、快速地检测CMV奠定了基础。     

甘蔗花叶病毒3‘末端基因的克隆及外壳蛋白序列分析比较

选取我国SCMV优势株系A株系的分离物SCMV－CA为材料,经过病毒和病毒RNA的提纯,反转录获得病毒cDNA,并克隆到载体pUC19的SmaⅠ位点上,筛选得到多个重组质粒,选取其中一个克隆SCMV－CA54进行测序,得到一个全长为1296bp的苷酸序列,这段序列由一个长为1044bp的开放阅读框架（ORF）和一个长279bp的3‘末端非编码区序列（3‘-UTR)及poly（A）尾巴组成。这个ORF包括病毒完整的外壳蛋白（CP）及部分核内含体蛋白（b(NIb）基因序列,将所得序列同已知SCMV亚组中各株系分离物的核苷酸和氨基酸进行同源性比较,结果表明该序列与其它株系分离的CP核苷酸序列的同源性介于63.7％－77.6％之间,氨基酸的同源性介于64％－89％之间。根据马玲薯Y病毒属的序列同源性划分标准,SCMV－CA与其它株系或分离物的同源性关系均介于种与株系进分标准之间,这是我国首次报道SCMV CP基因序列。     

侵染万寿菊的黄瓜花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因的克隆与序列分析

应用ELISA的方法检测到感染了黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的万寿菊。根据已报道的CMV外壳蛋白(CP)基因的保守序列设计并合成引物,提取万寿菊叶片总RNA为模板,进行cDNA合成和PCR扩增,得到约875bp的片断,与预期片断大小相符。序列分析显示:该分离物CMV-WSJ CP基因全长657bp,编码218个氨基酸,其核苷酸和氨基酸序列与CMV亚组Ⅱ的分离物有很高的同源率,分别达到98.33%～99.24%和98.63%～100%;与CMV亚组I分离物的同源率分别仅为74.43%～76.26%和77.17%～78.99%。因此,从万寿菊叶片上检测出的黄瓜花叶病毒分离物CMV-WSJ应归属于亚组Ⅱ。     

马铃薯S病毒外壳蛋白基因的克隆与原核表达

依据马铃薯S病毒(Potato virus S,PVS)外壳蛋白(CP)基因序列(885bp)设计合成了两对 引物,通过RT-PCR扩增得到长0.8kb的目的片段,将目的片段转入大肠杆菌,酶切鉴定证明 得到了含有目的片段的重组子,测定序列结果与其他PVS分离物CP基因的序列比较,发现其核苷酸同源性达95%左右;构建了含PVS CP基因的融合蛋白原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中得到表达,SDS-PAGE测定融合蛋白的分子量为58kD.     

番木瓜环斑病毒YsCP基因的序列分析和植物表达载体的构建

用双脱氧链终止法分析了克隆的番木瓜环斑病毒（PRV）Ys株系外壳蛋白（CP）基因的序列,结果表明YsCP基因全长858nt。对PRV国内外16个株系或分离物CP基因的比较发现,YsCP基因与国内株系或分离物CP基因的同源性较高（94．44％～97．68％）,而与国外株系或分离物CP基因的同源性较低（88．88％～92．70％）。CP基因之间的差异主要靠近基因5’端,特别是在YSCP基因第63nt后连续缺失6nt,SmGTHAI和SRI的CP基因也在此处缺失3nt。将YsCP基因插入中间质粒pRokⅡ的CaMV35S启动于和nos终止序列之间形成CP基因的植物表达载体pRPCY,通过三亲交配使pRPCY进入农杆菌LBA4404,与其中的pAL4404构成双元载体系统。     

黄瓜扩张蛋白基因CsEXP10的克隆与表达

以cDNA-AFLP差示片段的序列（CO434610）为基础,通过RACE延伸和与EST序列拼接,得到长度为1191bp的、包含完整3’末端的CsEXP10基因cDNA序列。Southern杂交结果表明,该基因在黄瓜基因组中以单拷贝形式存在．RT-PCR检测发现,该基因不在根、茎和叶中表达,而在果实中表达．Northern杂交显示,该基因在授粉后迅速生长的幼果中丰量表达,而在幼小子房、开花当天的未授粉子房和生长停止的果实中不表达,由此推测CsEXP10基因与授粉后黄瓜果实膨大生长有密切关系。     

芜菁花叶病毒的3’末端序列克隆与CP基因序列分析

目的:克隆芜菁花叶病毒(Turnip mosaic virus,TuMV)的3'末端序列,并进行CP基因序列分析.方法:以TuMV杭州榨菜分离物(TuMv-HZZC)接种病叶为材料,利用病毒粒子吸附法制备病毒RNA模板,经RT-PCR扩增获得了TuMV-HZZC 3'末端序列,将其克隆到PMD 18-T质粒上进行序列分析.结果:TuMV-HZZC分离物3'末端序列包括部分的Nib基因、完整的TuMVCP基因和3'-UTR,CP基因为864bp,分别编码288个氨基酸,3'-UTR序列(不包括PolyA尾巴)为213bp.经过与其他TuMV分离物的CP基因核苷酸和氨基酸比较,同源性分别达到88.0%～97.6%和91.0%-96.5%.结论:TuMV的系统进化具有典型的地域和寄主关联性.     

Specifics of the coat protein gene in Russian strains of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus

The primary structure of the coat protein (CP) gene was examined for pathogenic strain MS-1 and vaccine strain VIROG-43M of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV). In CP amino acid composition, strains MS-1 and VIROG-43M are typical representatives of CGMMV: their CPs have 98–100% homology to CPs of other tobamoviruses of the group. The CP gene has the same nucleotide composition in pathogenic MS-1 and vaccine VIROG-43M, indicating that strain attenuation is not determined by this gene. The CP amino acid sequences of the two Russian strains are fully identical to the CP sequences of two Greek strains, GR-3 and GR-5. However, the nucleotide sequences of their genes differ in 13 bp, testifying to the difference between the Russian and Greek strains.     

Genetic diversity of cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV) infecting cucurbits

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a well-known Tobamovirus, infects cucurbits across the globe. To determine its current status, molecular characterization, genetic recombination, gene flow and selection pressure, 10 districts from Punjab province of Pakistan were surveyed and a total of 2561 cucurbits samples were collected during 2019–2020. These samples were subjected to virus-specific double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) for the detection of CGMMV. The results revealed that viral disease was prevalent in all surveyed districts of Punjab with an overall 25.69% disease incidence. ELISA positive samples were further confirmed through RT-PCR and sequencing of coat protein (CP) cistron. Sequence analysis showed that the present studied CGMMV isolates have 96–99.5% nucleotide and 94.40–99.50% amino acid identities with those already available in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed that understudied isolates were closely related with South Korean (AB369274) and Japanese (V01551) isolates and clustered in a separate clad. Sequence polymorphisms were observed in 663 bp of sequence within 31 CGMMV isolates covering complete CP gene. Total number of sites were 662, of which 610 and 52 sites were monomorphic and polymorphic (segregating), respectively. Of these polymorphic, 24 were singleton variable and 28 were parsimony informative. Overall nucleotide diversity (π) in all the understudied 31 isolates was 0.00010 while a total of 1 InDel event was observed and InDel Diversity (k) was 0.065. Haplotype diversity analysis revealed that there was a total 29 haplotypes with haplotype diversity (Hd) of 0.993458 in all the 31 isolates which provide evidence of less diversity among Pakistani isolates. The statistical analysis revealed the values 2.568, 5.31304 and 4.86698 of Tajima's D, Fu, & Li’s F* and D*, respectively, which witnessed the population of CGMMV was under balanced selection pressure.     

Specifics of the coat protein gene in Russian strains of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus

The primary structure of the coat protein (CP) gene was examined for pathogenic strain MS-1 and vaccine strain VIROG-43M of the cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV). In CP amino acid composition, strains MS-1 and VIROG-43M are typical representatives of CGMMV: their CPs have 98-100% homology to CPs of other tobamoviruses of the group. The CP gene has the same nucleotide composition in pathogenic MS-1 and vaccine VIROG-43M, indicating that strain attenuation is not determined by this gene. The CP amino acid sequences of the two Russian strains are fully identical to the CP sequences of two Greek strains, GR-3 and GR-5. However, the nucleotide sequences of their genes differ in 13 bp, testifying to the difference between the Russian and Greek strains.     

小鼠诺如病毒分离鉴定及病毒衣壳蛋白基因序列分析

目的了解广东地区小鼠诺如病毒（murine norovirus,MNV）的分子遗传特征和进化来源。方法采用小鼠巨噬细胞系RAW264.7细胞对RT-PCR检测为阳性的小鼠样本进行病毒分离,通过细胞病变、RT-PCR、间接免疫荧光试验、测序方法对病毒分离株进行鉴定。应用RT-PCR技术针对15株MNV分离株的VP1基因的1626个核苷酸片段进行基因扩增,将扩增产物连接在pMD18-T载体后转化到大肠杆菌中进行克隆。通过氨苄青霉素平皿筛选,将鉴定为阳性的克隆菌进行核苷酸序列测定及序列分析。将这15株MNV分离株与从GenBank获得的19株MNV参考株进行序列比较分析,基于VP1基因的1626核苷酸片段构建系统发生进化树,一起进行分子流行病学研究。结果从80个小鼠样本中分离到了15株MNV病毒,通过细胞病变试验、RT-PCR试验、间接免疫荧光试验和测序分析鉴定确认分离到的病毒为MNV。序列分析结果显示MNV分离株的VP1蛋白基因全长均为1626个核苷酸,广东地区15株MNV分离株的核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别在89.7%~100%和94.8%~100%之间,15株MNV分离株与其他19株MNV参考毒株核苷酸和氨基酸同源性分别在87.5%~92.9%和92.4%~98.2%之间。进化树分析表明来自设施A和设施D的13株病毒之间的亲缘关系较近,同属一个进化分支。来自设施B的ZD-1毒株和设施C的ZYY-163毒株与来自广东（K162）、日本（S7-P2、S7-PP3）、韩国（K4）和德国（Berlin/04/06/DE、Berlin/05/06/DE）同属另一个进化分支。结论成功分离到15株MNV病毒。遗传进化分析表明广东地区的MNV分离株来源并不相同,来自设施B和设施C的MNV分离株与国外分离株的亲缘关系较近,而来自设施A和设施D的13株MNV分离株可能是本地固有的毒株。     

Studies on a Gynoecious-specific ACC Synthase Gene in Different Sexual Phenotypes of Cucumber Genome

Using a pair of primers (Primer Ⅰ and Primer Ⅱ), the authors have amplified a fragment of ACC synthase gene about 1025 bp from four varieties of gynoecious species of cucumber （Cucumis sativus L.） viz.:“CORONA”,“DALEVE”,“Zhongnong No.5”,and “Ouzhou No.8”. Sequence analysis revealed that this fragment of ACC synthase gene was more than 99% homologous with the gene reported by Trebitsh et al (1997). The authors regard them as the same gene, but it exhibited less homology with this ACC synthase gene when expressed by other induction. Southern blot analysis showed that this fragment of ACC synthase gene is associated with the sexual phenotype of cucumber,and it is the specific gene of gynoecium. However, the number of its copies has no direct correlation with the degree of female expression; this seems to indicate that there might be other genes associated with the degree of feminization.