不同放化疗模式治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的:探讨同步和序贯放疗联合不同化疗方案对治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效、远期生存及毒性反应的影响。方法:将45例III-IV期非小细胞肺癌患者随机归入两组,同步放化疗组22例;序贯放化疗组23例。全组病例依据病情分别选择艾素和顺铂、吉西他滨和顺铂、长春瑞滨和顺铂或培美曲塞和顺铂方案化疗。比较两组近期疗效、远期生存率及毒性反应。结果:同步组近期有效率为81.8%高于序贯组73.9%,但无统计学差异(P0.05);两组均有随放疗剂量增加有效率升高趋势。NP和TP方案两组近期疗效相近(P0.05)。同步组和序贯组1年生存率分别为90.9%和86.9%(P0.05);2年生存率分别为72.7%和52.2%(P0.05)。毒性反应主要为骨髓抑制、放射性食管炎和肺炎。同步组毒副反应发生率高于序贯组,但无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:同步放化疗治疗中晚期非小细胞肺癌近期疗效及远期生存率有优于序贯放化疗的趋势,但毒副反应发生相对增多。联合治疗模式下,分期越早,患者远期生存时间越长。近期疗效有随放疗剂量增高而提高趋势,但放疗剂量、病理类型、化疗方案等对患者远期生存无明显统计学差异。     

单纯放疗与顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌患者的临床效果比较

目的:比较单纯放疗与顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌患者的临床效果。方法:选择2012年3月~2014年3月在我院进行诊治的中晚期宫颈癌患者87例,按住院序号分为观察组43例和对照组44例。对照组给予单纯放疗,观察组在常规放疗的的间歇给予同步化疗,静脉滴注600 mg/m~2的5-氟尿嘧啶以及50 mg/m~2的顺铂,每周一次,共治疗6个周期。每次化疗结束后半小时内开展体外放疗。比较两组的临床治疗效果,血小板减少、白细胞下降、肾功能受损以及恶心呕吐等毒副反应的发生情况。对两组患者进行3年的随访,观察两组的复发率、转移率以及3年生存率。结果:治疗后,观察组的近期有效率为90.63%(39/43),明显高于对照组的79.04%(32/44)(P0.05)。经过3年的随访,观察组的复发率以及转移率均明显低于对照组(P0.05),3年生存率明显高于对照组(P0.05),血小板减少、白细胞下降、肾功能受损以及恶心呕吐等毒副反应的发生率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:顺铂联合氟尿嘧啶同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌患者的近期疗效以及远期疗效明显优于单纯放疗,毒副反应发生率较高,但在可控制的范围内。     

同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床效果分析

目的：子宫颈癌（Cervical Cancer）是女性生殖系统常见的恶性肿瘤,严重影响女性的身体健康及生活质量。本研究通过观察单纯放疗与同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床效果,探讨治疗宫颈癌的最佳方式,为后续临床研究提供参考。方法：选取我院2008年1月-2009年6月收治的中晚期宫颈癌患者124例,随机分为同步放化疗组和单纯放疗组,每组62例。单纯放疗组采取腔内或腔外照射的方式进行放射治疗,而同步放化疗组在此基础上采用多烯紫杉醇＋顺铂（DP）方案进行治疗。观察并比较两组患者的近期临床疗效、毒副反应发生率及随访情况。结果：同步放化疗组的治疗总有效率、毒副反应发生率均高于单纯放疗组,但患者经对症处理后均获得改善;同步放化疗组三年生存率高于单纯放疗组,差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：在中晚期宫颈癌的临床治疗中,对患者实施放射治疗的同时选择合理的药物及给药方案进行化疗具有明显的近期疗效,患者的毒副反应可耐受,且治疗后的生存率较高,值得临床推广应用。     

PF方案同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的疗效及毒性反应研究

目的：探究PF 方案同步放化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌患者的疗效和毒性反应。方法：回顾性分析我院在2014 年6 月～2015 年6 月期间收治的ⅡB～Ⅲ期宫颈癌患者,共152 例,根据治疗方法将其分为单纯放疗组和同步放化疗组,比较两组患者治疗的疗效 和毒性反应。结果：单纯放疗组和同步放化疗组近期疗效总有效率无显著差异,差异不具有统计学意义(P>0.05),但分别对ⅡB 和 Ⅲ期患者进行分析,Ⅲ期患者同步放疗组总有效率显著高于单纯放疗组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);同步放化疗组患者治疗 后骨髓抑制白细胞下降和消化道反应发生率显著高于单纯放疗组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者皮肤反应的发生情况 比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论：PF方案同步放化疗治疗Ⅲ期宫颈癌的临床疗效显著优于单纯放疗治疗,可有效提高近期总有效 率,毒性反应虽较单纯放疗组有所增加,但经临床支持治疗患者均可耐受。     

术后放化疗在局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌中的临床应用研究

目的:研究局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌术后放化疗对患者生存率的影响研究.方法:选择我院2009年1月～2012年1月经根治术后病理学检查确诊的局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者150例,按知情同意原则分成单纯放疗组(48例)、单纯化疗组(54例)、放化疗组(48例)三组,单纯放疗组于术后6周内用15MV-X线照射,总剂量50Gy/25f,治疗30天.单纯化疗组于术后4周内开始用DDP和5-Fu联合方案进行序贯性化疗,放化疗组的剂量同单纯放疗组和单纯化疗组.结果:三组患者治疗有效率分别为72.91％、51.85％、91.67％,差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05),三组患者的三年生存率组间差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05),放化疗组患者治疗有效率及三年生存率最高.结论:局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌术后应用放化疗作为辅助治疗手段疗效较单纯化疗和单纯放疗好.     

奈达铂与紫杉醇联合同期放疗对中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效分析

目的:探讨紫杉醇-奈达铂联合同期放疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效。方法:选择2012年1月~2013年12月62例中晚期宫颈癌患者,随机分成观察组和对照组,各31例,两组患者均行盆腔三维适型放疗+腔内后装放疗,观察组在此基础上同时再行奈达铂、紫杉醇全身化疗。结果:两组近期疗效比较,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者不良反应主要表现为骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应。随访一年,两组患者一年生存率比较差异显著(P0.05)。结论:本研究采用放疗联合紫杉醇+奈达铂化疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌有效率高,耐受性好,值得临床推广应用。     

同步放化疗联合深部热疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效观察

目的观察放化疗联合深部热疗治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床疗效及不良反应。方法选取本院收治的Ⅱb—Ⅲb期宫颈癌患者70例,分为同步放化疗联合深部热疗组（试验组）和同步放化疗组（对照组）,对照组进行根治性放射治疗,放疗第1天开始行化疗,顺铂40mg静脉滴注1d,化疗6个周期,每周重复。试验组：放化疗方法同对照组,于化疗当天行盆腹腔深部热疗（HG-2000体外高频热疗机）,每次热疗60min,每周1次,共4次。于热疗后1h内行放射治疗。结果两组局部肿瘤消退情况、近期疗效、肿瘤局部控制情况、1年期无瘤生存情况比较,差异有统计（P〈0．05）。两组不良反应比较无统计差异。结论同步放化疗联合深部热疗可以提高患者近期疗效,且无严重的并发症,是中晚期宫颈癌治疗中的一种安全有效的模式,值得进一步研究。     

紫杉醇脂质体联合顺铂同步放疗对老年宫颈癌有较好疗效

本研究将178例具有危险因素的老年宫颈癌术后患者随机分为研究组和对照组各89例,对照组给予紫杉醇联合顺铂同步放化疗方案,研究组给予紫杉醇脂质体联合顺铂同步放化疗方案,观察2组患者治疗期间的毒副反应及1年、2年、3年生存率、局部复发率和远处转移率,以期探讨老年宫颈癌患者术后不同化疗方案联合同步放疗的有效性和安全性。研究结果表明:研究组骨髓抑制、消化道反应、肝肾功能异常、脱发发生率低于对照组(p<0.05);研究组1年、2年、3年生存率与对照组相比较均无统计学差异(p>0.05);研究组与对照组1年、2年、3年局部复发率和远处转移率相比较差异均无统计学意义(p>0.05)。本研究初步结论认为,老年宫颈癌患者术后采用紫杉醇脂质体联合顺铂同步放化疗方案更为安全有效,采用紫杉醇脂质体代替紫杉醇注射液值得在临床推广应用。     

周剂量奈达铂联合调强放疗对复发鼻咽癌的近期疗效分析

目的:探讨周剂量奈达铂化疗联合调强放疗对于复发鼻咽癌患者的近期疗效及安全性.方法:将2009年2月至2012年2月本院收治的56例鼻咽癌复发患者随机分为联合治疗组与单纯放疗组,两组患者均给予适形调强放疗,联合治疗组患者在此基础上给予周剂量奈达铂化疗治疗,比较两组患者的临床疗效、并发症的发生情况及近期生存情况.结果:联合治疗组和单纯放疗组的有效率分别为78.6％和50.0％,联合治疗组有效率显著高于单纯放疗组(P＜0.05);联合治疗组白细胞减少发生率显著高于单纯放疗组(P＜0.05),其他并发症的发生率比较无显著差异(P＞o.05);联合治疗组1年、2年生存率分别为85.7％、64.3％,显著高于单纯放疗组的60.7％、42.9％(P＜0.05).结论:联合周剂量奈达铂化疗能够显著提高复发鼻咽癌患者调强放疗的临床疗效,且未增加严重并发症风险,值得临床推广应用.     

比较分析精确放疗与替加氟和奈达铂同步放化疗在食管癌中的应用价值

为了探讨精确放疗与替加氟和奈达铂同步放化疗在食管癌中的临床效果及应用价值,本研究收集我院食管鳞癌局部晚期的60例患者进行研究,精确放疗组予三维适形调强放射治疗,同步放化疗组在精确放疗基础上予替加氟和奈达铂联合化疗,并对两组的近期疗效、生存率和不良反应方面进行观察对比。研究发现,同步放化疗组总的有效率是83.3%,精确放疗组总的有效率为60.0%,同步放化疗组的近期疗效优于精确放疗组(p0.05)。同步放疗组1、2年的生存率分别为88.7%、67.3%,精确放疗组分别为66.3%、40.6%,均低于同步放疗组(p0.05),而且在生存期方面,同步放疗组要比精确放疗组时间长(p0.05)。同步放化疗组患者的白细胞下降、消化道反应较精确化疗组表现较差(p0.05),放射性食管炎和血小板下降两方面无统计学差异(p0.05)。由此可以看出,替加氟和奈达铂同步放化疗治疗食管癌,可以增强患者的近期疗效,延长生存期,安全性和耐受性均可。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.