光合细菌转化槲寄生制剂抗肿瘤活性初步研究

通过急性毒性实验比较各制剂组的毒性,MTT法考查各制剂组对人体外癌细胞的生长抑制率,体内实验考查各制剂组对移植性肿瘤的抗肿瘤作用。结果表明,光合细菌（PSB）制剂组、光合细菌转化槲寄生（PSBT）制剂组无毒,PSBT降低了槲寄生的毒性;PSBT制剂组对人体外癌细胞BGC-803、A2780、KB和小鼠体内S180肉瘤、H22肝癌、Lewis肺癌均具有明显抑制作用,且抗肿瘤活性高于其他制剂组。     

一些抗癌药物对荷瘤小鼠血清中唾液酸含量的影响

测定荷六种小鼠肿瘤S180肉瘤(实体型和腹水型),腹水肝癌(HepA),艾氏腹水瘤(EC),白血病P388和Lewis肺癌的小鼠腹水和血清中唾液酸含量,结果显示血清中唾液酸含量与肿瘤生长、肿瘤类型有关。腹水中唾液酸含量高,推测肿瘤能比正常组织产生更多唾液酸。对四种腹水肿瘤用阴离子交换树脂层析鉴定,发现HepA腹水中葡萄糖代唾液酸(NcuGc)含量明显低于其它三种腹水瘤。还研究了十几种抗癌药物对荷S180和Lewis肺癌小鼠血清中唾液酸含量的影响。发现吗丙嗪(probimane)和顺铂(DDP)能降低荷瘤小鼠血清中唾液酸含量,提示此二药物在肿瘤治疗中更具选择性。     

人参皂苷Rh_4对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用

本文阐述了三七中人参皂苷Rh4的体内抗肿瘤作用。建立S180肉瘤和肝癌H22荷瘤小鼠动物模型,将接种后的小鼠随机分为阴性对照组、阳性对照组及人参皂苷Rh4高、中、低剂量组,采用腹腔给药和灌胃给药两种方式,观察人参皂苷Rh4对小鼠移植性肿瘤的体内抑制作用以及对动物免疫器官重量的影响。结果表明:采用腹腔注射给药和灌胃给药,人参皂苷Rh4各剂量组对S180肉瘤小鼠和肝癌H22小鼠肿瘤生长均有抑制作用。与阴性对照组比较,当人参皂苷Rh4剂量为4.5 mg/kg灌胃给药时,对肉瘤S180的抑制率为47.84%(P0.01);当Rh4剂量为10.0 mg/kg腹腔注射给药时,对肝癌H22的抑制率为52.72%(P0.01)。人参皂苷Rh4对荷瘤小鼠免疫器官未见明显影响。     

光合细菌转化槲寄生制剂抗肿瘤活性初步研究*

通过急性毒性实验比较各制剂组的毒性,MTT法考查各制剂组对人体外癌细胞的生长抑制率,体内实验考查各制剂组对移植性肿瘤的抗肿瘤作用。结果表明,光合细菌(PSB)制剂组、光合细菌转化槲寄生(PSBT)制剂组无毒,PSBT降低了槲寄生的毒性;PSBT制剂组对人体外癌细胞BGC-803、A2780、KB和小鼠体内S₁₈₀肉瘤、H₂₂肝癌、Lewis肺癌均具有明显抑制作用,且抗肿瘤活性高于其他制剂组。     

酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的:探讨酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用。方法:采用小鼠移植性肿瘤模型,以5-FU为阳性对照组,观测2、4、8mg.kg-1酯苷胶囊对小鼠H22、S180肉瘤和HCA肝癌模型动物的抗肿瘤作用。结果:酯苷胶囊对H22、S180和HCA移植瘤的抑制率分别为36.8%～65.3%,19.0%～41.4%,46.8%～52.3%。结论:酯苷胶囊具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生命。     

酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植瘤的抑制作用

目的：探讨酯苷胶囊对小鼠移植性肿瘤的抑制作用。方法：采用小鼠移植性肿瘤模型,以5-FU为阳性对照组,观测2、4、8mg·kg^-1酯苷胶囊对小鼠H22、S180肉瘤和HCA肝癌模型动物的抗肿瘤作用。结果：酯苷胶囊对H22、S180和HCA移植瘤的抑制率分别为36．8％～65．3％,19．0％～41．4％,46．8％～52．3％。结论：酯苷胶囊具有较强的抗肿瘤作用,显著延长荷瘤小鼠的生命。     

蚯蚓提取物对小鼠肿瘤动物模型的研究

目的 :研究蚯蚓提取物 (EFE)的免疫活性及抗肿瘤作用。方法 :采用小鼠移植性肿瘤S1 80 肉瘤及Heps肝癌的动物模型观察其肿瘤抑制作用。结果 :EFE对S1 80 肉瘤和Heps肝癌细胞的抑制率分别为 36 97%和 4 8 55% ;结论 :它对小鼠实体瘤细胞有明显的抑制作用 (P <0 0 1 )并提示对小鼠的细胞和体液免疫功能有显著增强作用。     

小鼠Lewis肺癌组织中糖肽的分离纯化及其对肿瘤细胞与层粘连蛋白基质粘着的影响

小鼠Lewis肺癌组织经氯仿甲醇去除脂类,用木瓜蛋白酶消化,再经Sephadex柱层析分离得到总糖肽。它有明显地抑制小鼠Lewis肺癌细胞,S180肉瘤细胞及人巨细胞肺癌细胞与层粘连蛋白(Laminin,LN)基质粘着的作用;对层粘连蛋白受体(LN-R)与其配体的识别及结合也具有同样明显的阻断效应。糖肽的上述作用均具有剂量依赖性。进一步经ConA-Sepharose CL-4B亲和层析将总糖肽分为三个部分。与ConA不结合的糖肽部分对Lewis肺癌细胞与LN基质的粘着也具有剂量性抑制作用。     

凤丹籽油对小鼠H22肿瘤的抑制作用

探讨凤丹籽油对小鼠移植性肿瘤H22的抑瘤作用及机制。建立肝癌H22移植性肿瘤模型小鼠,随机分为正常组、模型组、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)阳性对照组、凤丹籽油高、中、低剂量组,给药10 d后处死。结果表明:低、中、高剂量组的抑瘤率分别是18.4%、26.9%、34.7%,具有较好量效关系。与模型组相比,低、中、高剂量组能不同程度提高胸腺、脾脏指数,降低AST、ALT、ALP,增加WBC;降低TE活性和BCL-2表达,显著提高BAX表达。以上结果表明,高剂量凤丹籽油对H22荷瘤小鼠有明显的抑瘤作用,其机制可能是通过调节免疫功能和抑制TE活性、BCL-2表达,提高BAX表达而发挥肿瘤抑制作用。     

红曲多糖抑瘤作用初步研究

以昆明种小鼠为试验动物,通过皮下注射建立小鼠移植性S180肿瘤模型,红曲多糖灌胃2周后,摘取瘤体和脾脏,计算抑瘤率和脾指数,并用SPSS软件进行统计分析。结果显示,红曲多糖低、中、高剂量组均能抑制荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤生长,抑瘤率分别达24.70%、31.03%、39.82%,呈量效关系,对S180肉瘤生长有明显的抑制作用;红曲多糖能提高小鼠的免疫力,高剂量组免疫器官质量显著增加。研究表明红曲多糖有抗肿瘤作用,具有一定的开发价值。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细