南丹参化学成分研究

从南丹参根中分得分得16个化合物,经光谱和理化分析测定,鉴定了其中的10个,分别为丹酚酸C（salvianolic acid C）、4-羟基-1-乙烯羧基-7-（3,4-二羟基苯基）苯并[b]呋喃（4-hydroxy-1-vinyl carboxy-7-（3,4-dihydroxyphenyl）benzo[b]furan）、丹参酮ⅡA（tanshinoneⅡA）,丹参酮Ⅰ（tanshinoneⅠ）、二氢异丹参酮（dihydroisotanshinone）、7-羰基-12-羟基脱氯松香烷（7-carbonyl-12-hydroxy—dehydroabietane）、十八醇（octadecanol）、丹参内酯（tanshinlactone）、1,2-顺式-2-（3,4-二甲氧基-5-羟基苯基）-丙烯酸（1,2-cis-2-（3,4-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyphenyl）-acrylic acid、β-谷甾醇（β—sitosterol）。     

大蒜果树的化学成分

从大蒜果树（Dysaxylum hainanense Merr),树皮的乙醇提取物中分离得到10个化合物,通过波谱方法鉴定它们分别是（＋）evofolinB(1),20S,24-epoxy-24,25-dihydroxy-3,4-secodanmar-4(28)-en-3-oic acid(2),4(14)-eudesmene-6?,11-diol(3),stigmast-5-ene-3β－7a-diol(4),stigmast-5-en-eβ－ol lioleate(5),sitindosideI(6),methyl3,4-dihdroxy-benzoate(7),scopoletin(8),β-谷甾醇和胡萝卜甙,其中1为新化合物。     

瓜蒌薤白白酒汤活性成分研究Ⅳ：含氮及其它类化合物

在药理活性指导下,利用各种化学和色谱手段从瓜蒌薤白白酒汤活性部位中分离得到10个化合物,通过化学及波谱手段鉴定了它们的化学结构,分别为thymidine(1),adenosine(2),2,3,4,9-tetrahy-dro-1-methyl-1H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole-3-carboxylic acid(3),2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-pyriod[3,4-b]indle-3-carboxylic acid(4),D-tryptophan(5),syringin(6),daucosterin(7),stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside(8),succinic acid(9),β-sitosterol（10）。     

彝族虫类药日本琵琶甲的化学成分研究

采用多种分离材料包括硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和RP-18从日本琵琶甲的50%乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位分离得到10个化合物,经过波谱学方法分别鉴定为Bracteanolide A(1)、3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid methyl ester(2)、Hydroxytyrosol(3)、3,4-Dihydroxy-β-methoxyphenethyl alcohol(4)、(S)-(+)-2-(3,4-Dihydroxy phenyl)-2-ethoxyl-ethanol(5)、3-Hydroxy-4-methoxy-phenylmethylcarbinol(6)、4-Hydroxybenzoic acid(7)、原儿茶醛(8)、Ethylβ-D-xylobioside(9)和Butylβ-D-xylobioside(10)。所有化合物均系从该种中首次分离。其中化合物1具有抑制脂多糖诱导的巨噬细胞一氧化氮产生的作用,可能为该昆虫消炎、消包块的物质基础之一。     

三棱的化学成分研究

目的：研究三棱Sparganium stoloniferum Buch．-Ham．的化学成分。方法：采用硅胶柱层析,Sephadex LH-20,ODSC-18,重结晶等方法,根据理化性质和光谱鉴定化合物的结构。结果：从三棱中得到8个化合物,分别为棕榈酸（1）,5-羟甲基糠醛（2）,6,7,10-三羟基-8-十八烯酸（3）,棕榈酸单甘油酯（4）,5-Hydroxy-2-（hydroxymethyl）pyridine（5）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterot）（6）,β-胡萝卜苷（daucosterol）（7）,Betulinic acid（8）。结论：化合物5,8为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

云南美登木悬浮培养细胞的化学成分

利用组织培养方法以云南美登木（Maytenus hookeri Lose.）未木质化的茎和嫩叶为材料诱导出愈伤组织,经过继代培养建立了悬浮细胞培养系,培养物的乙酸乙酯提取物显示抗橙色青霉（Penicillium avellaneum UC-4376）生长的生物活性。对培养物进行化学成分研究,分离鉴定了9个化合物,2,3-diacetoxyl maytenusone(1)、角鲨烯（squa-lene,2）、β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,3)、2′,3′,4′-triacetylsitoindoside I(4)、salaspermic acid(5)、美登酮酸（maytenonic acid,6)、2α-羟基美登酮酸（2α-hydroxy-maytenonic acid,7)、6,11,12-trihydroxy-8,11,13-abietrien-7-one（8）和11,12-dihydroxy-8,11,13-abietrien-7-one（9）,其中化合物1为新化合物,通过2D NMR对化合物5-7的NMR数据进行了全指定,并修正了化合物5和6的部分碳谱数据指定。     

土木香化学成分的研究

采用硅胶柱色谱、制备薄层色谱、制备高效液相、葡聚糖凝胶SephadexLH-20等方法进行分离纯化,根据光谱数据进行结构鉴定。从乙醇提取物中分离得到了8个化合物,分别鉴定为：异土木香内酯（1）,11,13-二氢异土木香内酯（2）,土木香内酯（3）,β-谷甾醇（4）,3-hydroxy-11,13-dihydroisoalantolactone（5）,macrophyllilae-toneE（6）,HIS-12-en-18-H-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（7）,caffeic acid anhydride（8）。化合物7和8系首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

地胆草的化学成分研究

对地胆草全草的化学成分进行研究。采用硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20以及半制备型高效液相色谱技术进行分离纯化,通过1D、2D NMR,MS等方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果从地胆草95%乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了9个化合物,分别为1-[(2R*,3S*)-3-ethoxy-2,3-dihydro-6-hydroxy-2-(1-methylethenyl)-1-benzofuran-5-yl]ethanone(1)、7-hydroxy-6-acetyl-2-methylchromone(2)、matriisobenzofuran(3)、桦木酸(betulinic acid,4)、木犀草素(luteolin,5)、木犀草素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucoside,6)、对香豆酸(p-coumaric acid,7)、3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(3,4-dihydroxy benzaldehyde,8)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside,9)。其中化合物1~3均为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物3在国内未见从其它植物中分离报道。     

野桂花化学成分研究

从野桂花（Osmanthus yunnanensis）地上部分95％乙醇提取物中首次分离得到18个化合物,应用波谱方法及与已知品对照的手段鉴定它们为：E-阿魏酸二十烷基酯（1）、β-谷甾醇（2）、羽扇豆醇（3）、齐墩果酸（4）、7-oxo-β—sitosterol（5）、乙酰齐墩果酸（6）、（6＇-O－palmitoyl）－sitosterol-3-O-β—D—glucoside（7）、rotundioic acid（8）、地榆糖甙II（9）、3β-hydroxy－27-p－（E）－eoumaroyloxyolean－12－en-28－oicacid（10）、3β—laydroxy-27-p－（Z）－coumaroyloxy－olean－12－en-28-oicacid（11）、hycandinic acid ester（12）、绿原酸丁酯（13）、4,5-二咖啡酰奎尼酸丁酯（14）、28-O-β-D—glueopyranosyl rottmdioic acid（16）以及三个半萜类化合物：4,5-dihydroxyprenyl caffeate（15）、4-（6-O-caffeoyl -β-D—glucopyranosyloxy）-5-hydroxyprenyl caffeate（17）、4-β-D—glucopyranosyloxy5-hydroxyprenyl caffeate（18）。     

玄参的化学成分研究

利用正、反相硅胶以及各种色谱技术进行分离,经理化性质和光谱分析鉴定中药玄参（Scrophularia ningpoensis）有效成分。从玄参（S．ningpoensis）根的乙醇提取物中分离了8个化合物,分别鉴定为14-去氧-12（R）-磺酸基穿心莲内酯（14-deoxy-12（R）-sulfo andrographolide,Ⅷ）、肉桂酸（cinnamic acid,Ⅰ）、对羟基肉桂酸（β-hydroxycinnamic acid,Ⅱ）、丁二酸（succinic acid,Ⅲ）、β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,Ⅳ）、胡萝卜甙（daucosteol,Ⅴ）、葡萄糖（gluose,Ⅵ）、熊果酸（ursolic acid,Ⅶ）。Ⅷ为在玄参中首次发现的天然化合物。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.