微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白基因-164T/C基因多态性与非酒精性脂肪肝的关联性研究

目的:探讨微粒体甘油三酯转移蛋白(Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein,MTP)MTP基因启动子区164T/C单核苷酸多态性与(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与非酒精性脂肪肝(Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)的相关性.方法:严格按照诊断标准收集NAFLD患者156例,随机选择健康体检者125例作为对照组,应用聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切片段长度多态性(Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)技术对受试者进行基因分型.采用SPSS11.5软件分析各位点基因型、等位基因频率及组间差异.结果:病例组和对照组均检测到MTP基因-164T/C位点TT、TC和CC 3种基因型;MTP基因-164T/C位点的基因型及等位基因频率分布在病例和对照组中差别有统计学意义(P<0.05),NAFLD组等位基因C频率显著高于对照组(P<0.01).结论:MTP基因启动子区164T/C位点多态性可能与非酒精性脂肪肝有关.携带有等位基因C的个体可能更容易患非酒精性脂肪肝.     

TGF-β1-509(C/T)基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症相关性的研究

目的:研究转化生长因子(TGF-β1)-509(C/T)基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症易感性的关系。方法:采用PCR-RFLP法和PCR产物直接测序法,检测80例子宫内膜异位症和80例正常对照组TGF-β1-509(C/T)基因型及等位基因分布。结果:子宫内膜异位症组TGF-β1-509CC、CT、TT基因型频率分别为20%、35%、45%,C和T等位基因频率分别为37.5%和62.5%;对照组中TGF-β1-509CC、CT、TT基因型频率分别为30%、32.5%、37.5%,C和T等位基因频率分别为46.25%和53.75%。基因型频率和等位基因频率在两组之间无显著性差异(P>0.05、P>0.05)。结论:TGF-β1-509(C/T)基因多态性与子宫内膜异位症无关联。     

肿瘤坏死因子α基因rs4645843C/T多态对多囊卵巢综合征患者血清中睾酮浓度的影响

目的:探讨肿瘤坏死因子α基因外显子3中rs4645843C/T多态对多囊卵巢综合征患者睾酮浓度的影响。方法:应用聚合酶链反应-SNP敏感性分子开关技术检测130例多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者和175例对照组妇女肿瘤坏死因子-α外显子3中rs4645843C/T多态及其分布,比较rs4645843C/T等位基因与PCOS之间的关系,同时采用化学发光法分析测定血清T水平。结果:PCOS及对照组TNF-α基因rs4645843C/T多态分析均显示有CC,CT,TT三种基因型和C,T两种基因。PCOS组中CC,CT,TT三种基因型和C,T两种等位基因频率分别为34.6%、58.5%、6.9%和63.8%,36.2%,对照组中三种基因型和两种等位基因频率分别为43.4%,53.7%,2.9%和70.3%,29.7%,基因型频率和等位基因频率分布差异在两组中均无统计学意义(P=0.108;P=0.093)。在PCOS患者中,各等位基因及基因型频率分布在高雄激素血症组(T≥0.7ng/mL)和非高雄激素血症组(T<0.7ng/mL)差别亦无统计学意义(P=0.867)。方差分析发现CC,CT,TT三种基因型患者之间血清T...     

中国汉族人群PNPLA3 I148M 多态性影响脂联素水平及非酒精性脂肪性 肝病遗传易感性的相关性研究*

目的:探讨在中国人群中PNPLA3 I148M基因型、脂联素与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的遗传易感性的相关性,及PNPLA3基因型与空腹血清脂联素水平的关系。方法:对96例NAFLD患者和76名正常对照,采用多聚酶链反应(PCR)及直接测序法检测PNPLA3基因型。计量资料结果均用均数±标准差(X±S)表示,经方差齐性检验后,行t检验;性别、基因型及等位基因频率的比较行X2检验。结果:中国汉族人群中,存在PNPLA3基因I148M多态性,I148M G等位基因频率分布在NAFLD(64.89%)与正常对照组(34.87%)、NASH组(71.70%)与SS组(56.09%)中比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。病例对照分析显示:148GG基因携带者与148CC基因携带者相比较,前者发生NAFLD的比值比(OR)为3.45(95%CI:2.21~5.41,P<0.05),发生NASH的OR为1.98(95%CI=1.08~3.64,P<0.05)。PNPLA3基因rs738409多态性与血清ALT水平有关(P<0.05),对NASH组分层分析,148GG基因型BMI、ALT、FINS均高于148CC基因型(P<0.05),血清HDL水平低于148CC基因型和148GC基因型(P<0.05),这些结果提示等位基因G与肝脏炎症和肝脏脂肪增加有相关性.Ordinal Logistic回归分析显示PNPLA3 I148M多态性与低浓度血清脂联素水平相关(<6μg/ml)(OR=2.78,95%CI=1.765~4.384,P<0.05)。结论:中国汉族人群中,PNPLA3基因I148M多态性与NAFLD的遗传易感性及脂联素的分泌调节相关,是决定NAFLD个体遗传易感性的重要因素。     

ERα-29 位基因多态性与HBV相关原发性肝癌易感性的关系分析

目的:探讨ERα-29位基因多态性与HBV相关原发性肝癌(PHC)易感性的关系。方法:通过聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性法检测我院100例HBV相关原发性肝癌患者(PHC组)与95例同期健康体检者(对照组)的ERα-29位基因多态性并对两组间各等位基因、基因型频率进行比较。结果:PHC组ERα-29位基因的TT、TC和CC基因型分别有31例(31.00%)、45例(45.00%)和24例(24.00%),T与C等位基因频率分别为53.50%和46.50%,对照组ERα-29位基因的TT、TC和CC型基因型分别有11例(11.58%)、39例(41.05%)和45例(47.37%),T与C等位基因频率分别为32.11%和67.89%,两组间基因型分布、等位基因频率差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);T等位基因发生PHC的风险是C等位基因的2.43倍(OR=2.43,95%CI:1.37~4.32)。结论:ERα-29位基因与HBV相关原发性肝癌易感性有关,其中T等位基因可增加发生风险。     

肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝病与血清铁蛋白相关性研究

目的：探讨血清铁蛋白和肥胖儿童非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）之间的关系,为早期发现肥胖儿童NAFLD提供临床科学依据。方法：选取2016年5月—2018年12月在丽水市中心医院诊断为肥胖的儿童315例,男233例、女82例,平均年龄(11.4±2.6)岁,体质指数（BMI）（24.5±4.6）kg/m2。依据B超结果将315例儿童分为单纯性肥胖184例、肥胖伴NAFLD 131例。按照标准方法测量儿童体重、身高、腰围,同时选取同时期体检同年龄段的健康儿童35例作为对照组。检测血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、血清铁蛋白（SF）等指标。结果：在315例肥胖儿童中,其中116人检出脂肪肝（男性91例、女性25例）,脂肪肝检出率为36.9%,男性和女性肥胖儿童青少年脂肪肝检出率分别是39.1%、30.4%,两组之间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。年龄及BMI在对照组、单纯肥胖组和肥胖伴NAFLD组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。腰围在肥胖伴NAFLD组和单纯肥胖组均大于对照组（P＜0.05）;TG、HDL、SF在3组间比较有差异（P＜0.05）;TG在肥胖伴NAFLD组结果要高于对照组;HDL在肥胖伴NAFLD组和单纯肥胖组低于对照组;SF在肥胖伴NAFLD组高于单纯肥胖组和对照组。轻、中、重度3组脂肪肝儿童SF比较发现重度NAFLD＞中度NAFLD＞轻度NAFLD。经多因素Logistic回归分析,甘油三酯（TG）、血清铁蛋白（SF）和性别均是儿童非酒精性脂肪肝的危险因素。结论：血清铁蛋白、血脂、腰围等指标可以作为监测肥胖儿童伴发NAFLD的有效指标。     

北方汉族人群白细胞介素-6基因-572C/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的相关性研究

目的:探讨中国北方汉族人群中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)基因启动子区-572C/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,检测434例冠心病(冠心病组)患者和417名非冠心病人(对照组)的IL-6基因型,探讨-572C/G单核苷酸多态与冠心病的关系。结果:IL-6基因-572C/G多态位点的CC、CG和GG基因型在冠心病组中分别为59.68%、37.09%、3.23%,等位基因频率C和G分别为78.23%、21.77%;在健康成年者中基因型分别为67.87%、30.22%、1.92%,等位基因频率C和G分别为82.97%、17.03%。IL-6基因-572C/G位点多态性在两组人群中的分布差异存在显著性(P<0.05);经Logsitic回归校正性别、年龄、体重指数、高血压病、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症及吸烟等冠心病易患因素后,IL-6基因-572C/G单核苷酸多态是冠心病发病的独立的危险因素(P<0.05);等位基因频率的相对风险分析发现,G等位基因携带者患冠心病的风险是C等位基因的1.356倍〔OR=1.356,95%CI=1.0648～1.7279〕。...     

新疆汉族人群SREBP-1c基因54G/C多态性与急性心肌梗死的相关性研究

目的:探讨固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c基因18号外显子54G/C基因多态性与新疆地区汉族人群心肌梗死的相关性.方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法,对230例急性心肌梗死患者和212例健康受试者SREBP-1c基因18号外显子54G/C位点进行分析,同时进行血糖及血脂水平检测.数据处理利用PEMS for windows 3.1软件包完成,用Hardy-Weinberg平衡检验样本的群体代表性,各组基因型和等位基因频率差异比较用x2检验,连续变量的比较用t检验.结果:SREBP-le基因18号外显子54G/C在病例组和健康对照组中基因型频率分别为:CC型13.04%和4.25%,CG型34.78%和36.32%,GG52.17%和59.43%.两组CC基因型差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05),且病例组C等位基因频率高于对照组(P＜0.05),而GC和GG基因型差异羌统计学意义(P＜0.05).不同基因型问血糖、血脂水平差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:CC基因型和等位基因C可能增加急性心肌梗死发生的风险,并可影响病人的血糖、甘油三酯代谢.     

TGF-beta1 基因rs200482214 位点多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群慢性牙周炎的相关性研究

目的:探讨转移生长因子β1(transforminggrowth factor beta-l,TGF-β1)位点rs200482214基因多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群慢性牙周炎的易感性的相关性。方法:选取2012年3月至2013年7月在哈尔滨医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科就诊的135例轻、中、重度慢性牙周炎汉族患者(牙周炎组)和108例汉族健康对照者(健康对照组)作为研究对象,基因组DNA来自口腔颊粘膜拭子,采用多重单碱基延伸SNP分型技术(Multiplex SNaPshot technique)对所有受试者TGF-β1基因rs200482214位点进行检测,比较两组间此位点基因型分布和等位基因频率的差异。结果:(1)TGF-β1基因rs200482214位点各基因型(GG、GA、AA)分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律(P>0.05);(2)TGF-β1基因rs200482214位点GG、GA、AA在牙周炎组和健康对照组的分布频率分别为61.5%、30.4%、8.1%和63.0%、28.7%、8.3%,两组人群基因型分布频率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);等位基因G、A在牙周炎组和健康对照组分布频率分别为76.7%、23.3%和77.3%、22.7%,两组人群的等位基因分布频率差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:TGF-β1位点rs200482214基因多态性与黑龙江省汉族人群慢性牙周炎的易感性不具有相关性。     

白细胞介素-8基因-251A/T多态性与急性胰腺炎的相关性研究

目的:探讨白细胞介素-8(Interleukin-8,IL-8)基因-251A/T位点单核苷酸多态性(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)与急性胰腺炎的关系.方法:应用聚合酶链反应.限制性酶切片段长度多态性技术检测120例急性胰腺炎(Acute pancreatitis,AP)患者和132例健康对照组的IL-8-251A/T基因型分布情况.结果:病例组和对照组均检测到IL-8基因-251A/T位点AA、AT和TT3种基因型:IL-8基因-251A/T的基因型分布在AP组和对照组差另q有统计学意义(P＜0.05),AP组等位基因A频率明显增高(24.2%→34.2%);在轻型组和重型组差别有统计学意义(P＜0.05),重型组等位基因A频率明显增高(24.2%→42%);在重型合并Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型及SIRS组和非SIRS组各基因型比较差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:IL-8基因-25lA/T基因多态性可能是急性胰腺炎病情进展的危险因素.     

Tuning of electronic properties of one-dimensional cyano-bridged Cu-Ni, Cu-Pd, and Cu-Pt bimetallic assemblies by stereochemistry of ligands

Preparations, XPS and electronic spectroscopy, and magnetism of seven new one-dimensional cyano-bridged coordination polymers, chiral [Cu(RR-chxn)₂][Pd(CN)₄] · 2H₂O (1), [Cu(trans-chxn)₂][M(CN)₄] · 2H₂O (2, 4, and 6 for M = Pd, Ni, and Pt), and [Cu(cis-chxn)₂][M(CN)₄] · 2H₂O (3, 5, and 7 for M = Pd, Ni, and Pt) (RR-chxn = cyclohexane-(1R,2R)-diamine, trans-chxn = racemic trans-cyclohexane-(1,2)-diamine, and cis-chxn = racemic cis-cyclohexane-(1,2)-diamine) have been reported in view of tuning of their electronic properties by stereochemistry of chxn ligands and metal-substitution. Comparison of Cu 2p_1/2 and 2p_3/2 peaks of XPS and broad d-d bands around 18 000 cm⁻¹ of electronic spectra are described systematically for 1-7. Variable-temperature magnetic measurement shows that complexes 1-7 indicate weak antiferromagnetic interactions via cyano-bridges. Because of semi-coordination coupled with pseudo Jahn-Teller elongation and electrostatic interaction for 1, the axial Cu-N coordination bond distances of 2.330(7) and 3.092(8) Å are considerably longer than those of equatorial ones in the range from 2.016(6) to 2.030(6) Å. The former bond distances of 1 are intermediate values among the related Ni (2.324(6) and 3.120(8) Å) and Pt (2.34(1) and 3.09(1) Å) complexes.     

Land,livestock, and livelihoods: Changing dynamics of gender,caste, and ethnicity in a Nepalese Village

Over the past 10 years, Ghusel VDC, Lalitpur District has moved from primarily subsistence agriculture into the wider cash economy aided by the Small Farmers' Development Program (SFDP), which provides credit to farmers mainly for the purchase of buffalo for milk production, and by the National Dairy Corporation, which supports local dairy cooperatives. Analysis reveals that buffalo-keeping and milk sales are increasing the well-being of many households, while at the same time creating new inequalities in gender roles and responsibilities, greater inequities between Brahmin and Tamang residents in Ghusel, and placing pressures on the ecosystem for increased supplies of fodder and fuelwood. Evidence suggests that there is critical, need for attention to the social, and particularly gender-based, implications of maintaining livestock for milk sales and to the ecological underpinnings of this livelihood system.     

Structure and function of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase

In mammals, S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (AdoHcyase) is the only known enzyme to catalyze the breakdown of S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) to homocysteine and adenosine. AdoHcy is the product of all adenosylmethionine (AdoMet)-dependent biological transmethylations. These reactions have a wide range of products, and are common in all facets of biometabolism. As a product inhibitor, elevated levels of AdoHcy suppress AdoMet-dependent transmethylations. Thus, AdoHcyase is a regulator of biological transmethylation in general. The three-dimensional structure of AdoHcyase complexed with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADH) and the inhibitor (1′R, 2′S, 3′R)-9-(2′,3′-dihyroxycyclopenten-1-yl)adenine (DHCeA) was solved by a combination of the crystallographic direct methods program, SnB, to determine the selenium atom substructure and by treating the multiwavelength anomalous diffraction data as a special case of multiple isomorphous replacement. The enzyme architecture resembles that observed for NAD-dependent dehydrogenases, with the catalytic domain and the cofactor binding domain each containing a modified Rossmann fold. The two domains form a deep active site cleft containing the cofactor and bound inhibitor molecule. A comparison of the inhibitor complex of the human enzyme and the structure of the rat enzyme, solved without inhibitor, suggests that a 17° rigid body movement of the catalytic domain occurs upon inhibitor/substrate binding.     

Chiral Separation of G‐type Chemical Warfare Nerve Agents via Analytical Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

Chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs) are extremely toxic organophosphorus compounds that contain a chiral phosphorus center. Undirected synthesis of G‐type CWNAs produces stereoisomers of tabun, sarin, soman, and cyclosarin (GA, GB, GD, and GF, respectively). Analytical‐scale methods were developed using a supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) system in tandem with a mass spectrometer for the separation, quantitation, and isolation of individual stereoisomers of GA, GB, GD, and GF. Screening various chiral stationary phases (CSPs) for the capacity to provide full baseline separation of the CWNAs revealed that a Regis WhelkO1 (SS) column was capable of separating the enantiomers of GA, GB, and GF, with elution of the P(+) enantiomer preceding elution of the corresponding P(–) enantiomer; two WhelkO1 (SS) columns had to be connected in series to achieve complete baseline resolution. The four diastereomers of GD were also resolved using two tandem WhelkO1 (SS) columns, with complete baseline separation of the two P(+) epimers. A single WhelkO1 (RR) column with inverse stereochemistry resulted in baseline separation of the GD P(–) epimers. The analytical methods described can be scaled to allow isolation of individual stereoisomers to assist in screening and development of countermeasures to organophosphorus nerve agents. Chirality 26:817–824, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. Chirality published by John Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Influence of Fluoride on Rat Kidney Antioxidant System: Effects of Methionine and Vitamin E

The aim of the study has been to determine and compare the influence upon the kidney antioxidative system, exercised by administration of vitamin E, and vitamin E in combination with methionine, under conditions of oxidative stress induced by sodium fluoride. The experiment was carried out on Wistar FL rats (adult males) that, for 35 days, were administered water, NaF, NaF with vitamin E, or vitamin E with methionine (doses: 10 mg NaF/kg of body mass/24 h, 3 mg vitamin E per 10 μl per rat for 24 h, 2 mg methionine per rat for 24 h). The influence of administered sodium fluoride and antioxidants upon the antioxidative system in kidney was examined by analyzing the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of the most important antioxidative enzymes (SOD, total and both its isoenzymes, GPX, GST, GR, and CAT). The studies carried out confirmed the disadvantageous effect of the administered dose of NaF upon the antixodiative system in rats (increase in the concentration MDA, decrease activity of all antioxidative enzymes). The administration of vitamin E increased the activity of studied enzymes with the exception of glutathione reductase GR; it also reduced the procesess of lipid peroxidation. It has been found that combined doses of vitamin E and methionine were most effective in inhibiting lipid peroxidation processes. The results confirmed the antioxidative properties of methionine.     

Reorientation of Microfibrils and Microtubules at the Outer Epidermal Wall of Maize Coleoptiles During Auxin-Mediated Growth

Auxin-mediated elongation growth of isolated subapical coleoptile segments of maize (Zea mays L.) is controlled by the extensibility of the outer cell wall of the outer epidermis (Kutschera et al., 1987). Here we investigate the hypothesis that auxin controls the extensibility of this wall by changing the orientation of newly deposited microfibrils through a corresponding change in the orientation of cortical microtubules. On the basis of electron micrographs it is shown that cessation of growth after removal of the endogenous source of auxin is correlated with a relative increase of longitudinally orientated microfibrils and microtubules at the inner wall surface. Conversely, reinduction of growth by exogenous auxin is correlated with a relative increase of transversely orientated microfibrils and microtubules at the inner wall surface. These changes can be detected 30–60 min after the removal and addition of auxin, respectively. The functional significance of directional changes of newly desposited wall microfibrils for the control of elongation growth is discussed.     

Gamma-glutamylcysteine protects ergothioneine-deficient Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants against oxidative and nitrosative stress

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb.), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), cannot synthesize GSH, but synthesizes two major low molecular weight thiols namely mycothiol (MSH) and ergothioneine (ERG). Gamma-glutamylcysteine (GGC), an intermediate in GSH synthesis, has been implicated in the protection of lactic acid bacteria from oxidative stress in the absence of GSH. In mycobacteria, GGC is an intermediate in ERG biosynthesis, and its formation is catalysed by EgtA (GshA). GGC is subsequently used by EgtB in the formation of hercynine-sulphoxide-GGC. In this study, M.tb. mutants harbouring unmarked, in-frame deletions in each of the fives genes involved in ERG biosynthesis (egtA, egtB, egtC, egtD and egtE) or a marked deletion of the mshA gene (required for MSH biosynthesis) were generated. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analyses (LC-MS) revealed that the production of GGC was elevated in the MSH-deficient and the ERG-deficient mutants. The ERG-deficient ΔegtB mutant which accumulated GGC was more resistant to oxidative and nitrosative stress than the ERG-deficient, GGC-deficient ΔegtA mutant. This implicates GGC in the detoxification of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in M.tb.     

In vitro studies of the rabbit immune system. IV. Differential mitogen responses of isolated T and B cells.

The mitogenic responses of separated rabbit lymphocyte populations functionally analogous to mouse T and B cells have been tested in vitro. Purified T cells were prepared by passage over nylon wool (NW) and purified B cells prepared by treatment with antithymocyte serum and complement (ATS + C). ATS + C kills 70% of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL's) and 50% of the spleen cells while passage over NW yields 40% of the applied PBL's and 5–23% of the applied spleen cells. NW-purified T cells from the spleen or PBL's respond fully to concanavalin A (Con A) but have a reduced response to phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and little or no response to goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (anti-Ig). PBL's that survive ATS + C (B cells) are stimulated by anti-Ig but not by Con A or PHA. B cells purified from spleen do not respond to Con A or PHA but will respond to anti-Ig under appropriate conditions. A full spleen B-cell response to anti-Ig required removal of Ig produced by the cultures that blocked anti-Ig stimulation. It is concluded that, for rabbit lymphocytes, Con A and PHA are primarily T-cell mitogens and that anti-Ig is primarily a B-cell mitogen. However, the mitogen response of unfractionated PBL or spleen cell populations indicates an overlap in reactivity. This could be due to cells sharing T and B properties, alteration of cell populations by the fractionation procedures used, or recruitment of one population in the presence of a mitogenic response of the other population.     

八种脑-肠肽侧脑室内注射对大鼠基础胃酸分泌的影响

用乌拉坦麻醉大鼠作急性实验,采用连续灌流胃并收集流出液的方法,观察向侧脑室内注射微量脑-肠肽对大鼠基础胃酸分泌的影响。实验结果如下:(1)雨蛙肽、八肽胆囊收缩素、促甲状腺素释放激素及四肽胃泌素均使总酸排出量增加;(2)生长抑素、胰多肽、P 物质、胰高血糖素则使总酸排出量减少;(3)上述肽类用侧脑室注射的剂量作肌肉注射,除四肽胃泌素也产生明显的刺激胃酸分泌作用外,对胃酸分泌均无明显影响。以上结果提示,脑内的一些肽类可能以神经递质或调制物的方式,参与中枢对胃酸分泌的调节。     

A chromium-tolerant plant growing in Cr-contaminated land

In this paper, a kind of Typhaceae plant species, Typha angustifolia L, with a high tolerance to Cr is described. Experiments were carried out to examine its ability to tolerant Cr and its physiological response. The results showed that there was no difference in growth, plant height, and biomass response to external Cr (VI) between the plants exposed to 100 microM Cr (VI) and control (0 microM), while increasing Cr levels to 200-800 microM induced a significant decrease in plant height and biomass, but no significant injury was detected, even for the plants exposed to 800 microM Cr. Chromium induced significant increases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities. Meanwhile, a significantly positive correlation was found between Cr and Mn or Cu in leaves and roots, respectively. The Cr tolerance of the plant appeared to be associated with the enhancement of SOD and POD activities and the improvement in uptake and translocation of the essential microelements.