离子交换树脂袋法测定鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤有效氮的初步研究

本文用离子交换树脂袋法（Ｉｏｎｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅｒｅｓｉｎｂａｇｍｅｔｈｏｄ）．测定了鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤有效氮动态．结果表明,鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林土壤有效氮主要由铵态氮（ＮＨ４＋－Ｎ）组成,且具有明显的季节性变化,两种不同深度（０－１０ｃｍ,１０－２０ｃｍ）土层比较,硝态氮（ＮＯ３－Ｎ）年平均值在１０－２０ｃｍ土层显著地高于在０－１０ｃｍ的土层（ｐ＝０．０５）;铵态氮年平均值在１０－２０ｃｍ土层则趋向低于在０－１０ｃｍ的土层．     

鼎湖山马尾松人工林土壤硝态氮和铵态氮动态研究

本文用离子交换树脂袋法（ｌｏｎｅｘｃｈａｎｇｅｒｅｓｉｎｂａｇｍｅｔｈｏｄ）,测定了鼎湖山马尾松人工林土壤硝态氮和铵态氮动态情况。结果表明,鼎湖山马尾松林土壤硝态氮和铵态氮均具有明显的季节性变化,以春季最高和夏季最低。硝态氮在０～１０ｃｍ和１０～２０ｃｍ两土层的年平均值分别为１．７２２和１．４２９μｇ．ｄ－１．ｇ－１干树脂,铵态氮在０～１０ｃｍ和１０～２０ｃｍ的年平均值则分别为１９．１３７和１４．６９６μｇ．ｄ－１．ｇ－１干树脂。硝态氮和铵态氮在试验的大部分季节表现出显著的直线相关关系（ｐ＜０．０５）,表明了铵态氮供应是调节硝化速率的一个重要因子。     

水旱轮作下长期免耕和施用有机肥对土壤某些肥力性状的影响

１９８３年６月至１９９７年１０月进行的水旱轮作下连续免耕并配合施用有肥料的长期定位田间试验研究结果表明,长期免耕和施肥造成土壤养分的表层富集,０－５ｃｍ土层有机磷、全氮、速效氮含量显著增加,而５－１０ｃｍ和１０－２０ｃｍ土层上述养分含量明显低于常规耕翻处理;免耕对土壤结构破坏少,使０－２０ｃｍ土层水稳性团粒结构增多,综合各项肥力性状,不同施肥处理对提高土壤肥力的贡献为：猪粪〉秸秆〉绿肥〉化肥〉不施     

海河流域植物土壤中氮碳的含量特征

本文研究了海河要植物（包括栽培和野生植物）及土壤中氮、碳的含量特征,结果表明：本区植物氮含量平均约２％,最高约６％,少数植物约３％－４％;不同植物类型氮含量以蔬菜植物最高,苔藓、蕨类植物最低,大多数植物碳含量平均在４０％－４５％左右,其次为茎和叶。不同土壤类型含氮量以亚高山草甸土最高,盐碱土最低,０－１０ｃｍ土层含氮量明显高１０－２０ｃｍ土层。不同土类炭含量以棕壤土最高,草甸褐土,潮土最低,０－１     

果农复合系统根系分布格局与生长动态研究

对苹果、小麦复合系统根系分布格局生长动态的研究表明：（１）４年生苹果根系垂直分布这１００ｃｍ,其主要分布在２０～６０ｃｍ,可占总根量的８０％以上;小麦根系垂直分布可达８０ｃｍ,０～１０ｃｍ占５５．２％,与苹果根系在空间尺度上不复重叠;而不间作时,苹果根系有上浮趋势。（２）苹果幼树根系的水平分布达２５０ｃｍ,大多在０～１００ｃｍ范围,占４２．４％;间作时两边各留１００ｃｍ的保护行,基本不影响小麦生长     

热带山地雨林生态系统水文动态特征的研究

采用小集水区定位研究方法,研究分析了尖峰热带山地雨林天然更新林生态系统５个水文年水分循环的动态特征。年降水量分配在１６９．８～３５０．０ｃｍ,林冠层截留率年变化１１．０％～１７．６％范围,旱、雨季变化在１４．４％～３１．４％和１１．５％～１９．４％之间;其中树干茎流率年平均为７．１％,雨季平均为６．８％,雨季月变化在２．２％～１２．４％。总径流动态特性以每年７～９月的增加响应较快,１１月至翌年２月径流衰减缓慢。水量平衡参数为：年均降水量２６６８．３ｍｍ,１４．３％为冠层截留,４６．７％为径流输出,５３．３％为蒸发散失。土壤渗透水性能为,７０ｃｍ厚土层,当雨量小于３０ｍｍ,进入土层的水分全部被吸持,雨量在３５～５０ｍｍ,２５％的降水量渗漏,雨量在５０～１００ｍｍ内,２６．５％～５６．３％的降水量下渗,其吸持和滞留贮存水性能与土壤的结构、持水量、孔隙度密切相关。     

西双版纳次生林火烧前后土壤养分变化的研究

研究了火烧对西双版纳热带次生林下土壤养分的影响。火烧后０～１０ｃｍ土层的ｐＨ、有机质、全Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ和有效Ｎ、Ｐ、Ｋ都显著提高,ｐＨ、有机质、全Ｎ、Ｋ和有效Ｎ、Ｋ达０．１％显著水平,有效Ｐ达１％水平,全Ｐ达５％水平。但１０～３０ｃｍ土层的上述各指标均无显著变化。火烧前后各土层的Ｃ／Ｎ比率变化均不显著。     

屎克螂适宜的繁殖条件初步研究

１９９１—１９９４年对屎克螂适宜的繁殖条件研究结果：１．土层４０ｃｍ和６０ｃｍ的平均温度分别为１５．９２±６．３４℃和１５．８９±６．０８℃;平均土壤含水量分别为２６．７０±３．７４％和２３．７２±１．８８％,使各虫态处于一个几乎恒温恒湿的条件,有利于生长发育与越冬,２．土壤含水量１７％、２０％、２２％、２６％和２９％,其产卵最多的深度分别在６５─７０ｃｍ,７５─８０ｃｍ,６５─８０ｃｍ,６５—８０ｃｍ和３５—５０ｃｍ,分别占产卵总数的３４．１６％、４２．４２％、６８．４２％、５５．４０％和９０．５６％。３．不同土壤的产卵深度,沙壤土以土下４５—５０ｃｍ处最多,占产卵总数的３４．７８％;沙土以６５—８５ｃｍ最多,占产卵总数的８６．６７％;粘土以４５—６０ｃｍ最多,占产卵总数的５１．１１％。     

南亚热带常绿阔叶林优势种群的生物量与生物量增量

粘木种群的生物量为７０．１４ｔ／ｈｍ２,生物量增量为２．３２ｔｈｍ２ａ－１。其总生物量的９０％以上分布在ｄ≥２０ｃｍ的大树,仅有０．０４％～０．０５％分布在ｄ＜１０ｃｍ的小树。在各器官的分配是：树干为６５％,根为２５％,枝为１１％,而叶仅占有２％。粘木的平均径向增长为０．３５ｃｍ／ａ。应用树干解析法和形率法估算树干的生物量,两者的结果差别不大。但形率法则既省力省时,又较方便。粘木的形率为０．７１。     

福建海产鱼类寄生吸虫二新种（ 吸虫纲：复殖目：隐殖科）

从福建沿海的鲈鱼肠道里查获双巢亚科的厦门双巢吸虫,新种Ｂｉｏｖａｒｉｕｍｘｉａｍｅｎｅｎｓｅｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,虫体大小２．５４～４．２０ｍｍ×０．３０～０．４０ｍｍ（２．９０３×０．３６９ｍｍ）,虫卵１８～２２μｍ×１０～１４μｍ（２０．４×１１μｍ）;从勒氏菌鲷的小肠里检获新隙亚科的厦门拟隐殖吸虫,新种Ｐａｒａｃｒｙｐｔｏｇｏｎｉｍｕｓｘｉａｍｅｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐｎｏｖ,虫体大小０．８００～０．１６７２ｍｍ×０．４８４～０．８４８ｍｍ（１．２４７×０．６８５ｍｍ）,虫卵１９～３０μｍ×１１～１４μｍ（２４×１２μｍ）,头棘５５枚。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.