sRNASVM——基于SVM方法构建大肠杆菌sRNA预测模型

在理解细菌与环境的相互作用方面,细菌sRNA的识别发挥重要作用。文章介绍了一个通过增加训练集中实验证实的sRNA来构建细菌sRNA预测模型的策略,并以大肠杆菌K-12的sRNA预测为例来说明策略的可行性。结果表明,按此策略构建的模型sRNASVM的10倍交叉检验精度达到92.45%,高于目前文献中报道的精度。因此,构建的这一模型将为实验发现sRNA提供较好的生物信息学支持。有关模型和详细结果可以从网站http://ccb.bmi.ac.cn/srnasvm/下载。     

细菌sRNA基因及其靶标预测研究进展

摘要：细菌sRNA是一类长度在40～500 nt之间的非编码RNA,主要以不完全碱基配对方式与靶标mRNA5′端相互作用进而发挥其生物学功能。鉴于预测方法可以为细菌sRNA及其靶标的实验发现提供指导,因此,细菌sRNA与靶标预测研究受到了广泛重视。文章首先将sRNA预测方法分为3类,分别是基于比较基因组学的预测方法、基于转录单元的预测方法和基于机器学习的预测方法;其次,将sRNA靶标预测方法分为2类,分别是序列比较方法与基于RNA二级结构的预测方法;最后对各类方法的原理、核心思想、优点和局限性进行了分析,并探讨了进一步的发展方向。     

细菌非编码小RNA研究进展

细菌非编码小RNA(small non-coding RNA, sRNA)是一类长度在50~500个核苷酸, 不编码蛋白质的RNA。迄今, 在各种细菌中共发现超过150多种sRNA。它们通过碱基配对识别靶标mRNA, 在转录后水平调节基因的表达, 是细菌代谢、毒力和适应环境压力的重要调节因子。细菌sRNA的研究技术主要有基于生物信息学的计算机预测法和基于实验室的检测分析方法。这些方法所得到的sRNA都需要进行实验室确认, 然后再进一步通过各种实验手段研究其功能。     

细菌小RNA的调控及在代谢工程中的应用

细菌代谢工程需要优化基因的表达来平衡代谢物通量分布和减少有毒的中间体积累,从而提高产物生物合成。细菌小RNA(small RNA,sRNAs)与靶标mRNA通过碱基互补配对结合来抑制或激活其靶标基因的表达。sRNA在细菌的生理过程中都起到了至关重要的调控作用,因此被认为是细菌代谢工程中调节靶标基因表达的有力工具。近年来,越来越多的人工合成sRNA在细菌代谢工程中得到应用,分别就细菌sRNA的靶标识别和其对靶标的调控及代谢工程中的应用做了总结概括。     

病原菌非编码sRNA的功能及研究新方法北大核心CSCD

细菌中的非编码小RNA(small RNA,sRNA)作为一种靶向调控分子在细胞生理代谢过程中具有重要作用。sRNA作用于特定靶标,调控基因的表达。大肠杆菌大约有100种sRNA,其中1/3sRNA需要伴侣蛋白Hfq的介导。病原细菌中sRNA分子如何调控致病基因的表达,目前研究仍处于初级阶段。本文将从生物膜形成、细菌耐药性以及对宿主的影响等方面,结合新颖的sRNA的研究方法,综述sRNA在调控代谢网络及控制病原菌致病性方面的作用。     

病原菌非编码sRNA的功能及研究新方法

细菌中的非编码小RNA（small RNA, sRNA）作为一种靶向调控分子在细胞生理代谢过程中具有重要作用。sRNA作用于特定靶标,调控基因的表达。大肠杆菌大约有100种sRNA,其中1/3 sRNA需要伴侣蛋白Hfq的介导。病原细菌中sRNA分子如何调控致病基因的表达,目前研究仍处于初级阶段。本文将从生物膜形成、细菌耐药性以及对宿主的影响等方面,结合新颖的sRNA的研究方法,综述sRNA在调控代谢网络及控制病原菌致病性方面的作用。     

细菌中的小RNA

小RNA（sRNA）或非编码RNA（ncRNA）在原核生物和真核生物中广泛分布。迄今,在各种细菌中共发现超过150种sRNA,在大肠杆菌中发现了约80种sRNA。sRNA通过与靶mRNA配对而发生作用,导致mRNA翻译和稳定性的变化;sRNA的功能涉及从结构调节到催化作用,影响生物体内各种各样的加工过程,一个单独的sRNA就能调控大量的基因并对细胞生理产生深远影响。目前,对sRNA的研究主要采用生物信息学预测结合分子生物学实验的方法。     

细菌非编码小RNA功能及作用机制研究进展

生物体中除了编码蛋白质的mRNA外,还存在多种具有重要调控功能的非编码RNA。细菌中长度50~500 nt的非编码RNA通常定义为sRNA。sRNA在细菌的整个生命活动中发挥着极为广泛的作用,在感受环境压力、基因表达、细胞周期乃至个体发育等过程中均具有重要的调控作用。sRNA的功能学和调控机制的研究已成为当今细菌学研究的热点。本研究就细菌中的sRNA的特征,在细菌中的作用和作用机制进行文献综述。     

细菌中非编码小RNA的筛选及鉴定

细菌非编码小RNA(small non-coding RNA,sRNA)是一类长度在50-200个核苷酸,不编码蛋白质的RNA.它们通过碱基配对识别靶标mRNA,在转录后水平调节基因的表达,是细菌代谢、毒力和适应环境压力的重要调节因子.近年来,随着生物信息学和RNA组学技术应用于细菌sRNA的筛选,sRNA已被证实存在于大肠埃希杆菌(Escherichia coli),铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、霍乱弧菌(Vibrio cholerae)等细菌中,是细菌基因调控中新的调节因子.本文对细菌中非编码小RNA的筛选和鉴定技术作一个简要论述.     

非编码小RNA对细菌毒力及耐药性的调控作用研究进展

近年来的研究发现,细菌非编码小RNA (small non-coding RNA, sRNA)对其不同生理进程起到了重要的调控作用。随着大量sRNA被发现并鉴定,细菌sRNA的功能被逐步阐明,其可在转录后水平广泛调控细菌的生理代谢、毒力及耐药性等。本文综述了sRNA对细菌毒力和耐药性调控作用的研究进展,对揭示细菌转录后水平毒力及耐药性调控机制具有一定意义。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.