关于尾尖奇蒿(菊科-春黄菊族)合格发表问题的一条简注（英文）

尾尖奇蒿(Artemisia anomala var.acuminatissima)(菊科-春黄菊族)1992年发表时未指定模式,故为不合格发表。该名称2011年得以合格发表,故2016年的再次合格发表纯属多余,是有关作者没有仔细查阅文献的结果。该名称的正确引证应为“Artemisia anomala var.acuminatissima Y.R.Ling,Bangladesh J.Plant Taxon.18:203.2011”,而非“Artemisia anomala var.acuminatissima Y.R.Ling,Phytotaxa 273:213.2016”。     

蒿属植物一新名

<正> 细裂叶蒿 Artemisia austro-himalayana A.R.Ling & H.S.Puri,nom.nov.—A.ten ifo iasensu Y.R.Ling & H.S.Puri in Guihaia 5(1): 2.1985,non Adam.ex DC.     

厚叶木犀名称的合格发表

由于指定的两号标本分别为花和果模式标本,厚叶木犀在种及变种等级上的名称Osmanthus pachyphyllus H．T．Chang和O．marginatus var．pachyphyllus（H．T．Chang）R．L．Lu是不合格发表的名称。通过指定模式标本,对厚叶木犀O．marginatus var．pachyphyllus的名称作了合格发表。     

东北蒿属新分类群

本文发表了中国东北菊科蒿属1个新亚种,3个新变种,即;北牡蒿Artemisia eriopoda Bge.subsp.jiagedaqiensis.G.Y.Chang et X.J.Liu,subsp.nov.,兴凯光沙蒿A.oxycephala kitag.var.xinkaiensis G.Y.Chang.et L.S.Wang,var.nov.,塔河柔毛蒿A.pubescens Ledeb.var.taheensis G.Y.Chang et L.S.Wang,var.nov.和线叶沙蒿A.desertorum Spreng.var.lineata G.Y.Chang,var.nov。     

中国蒿属植物新资料(Ⅳ)

本文补充了中国蒿属植物新资料,即太白山蒿A. taibaishanensis Y. R. Ling & C. J. Humohries, sp. nov.;吉隆蒿A. jilongensis Y. R. Ling & C. J. Humphries, sp. nov.;昌都蒿A. orientali-xizangensis Y. R. Ling & C. J. Humphries, sp. nov.;贡山蒿A. gongshanensis Y. R. Ling & C. J. Humphries, sp. nov.。     

中国绢蒿属新种(续)

本文补充发表绢蒿属一新种,即沙湾绢蒿Seriphidium sawanense Y. R. Ling & C. J. Humphries sp. nov.     

旧大陆的绢蒿属植物

本文报导了亚、欧、非三洲的绢蒿属[Seriphidium(Bess.)Poljak.]植物的系统分类、分布及区系地理等。在系统分类与分布项中,作者结合现代孢粉的研究,比较了该属与邻近属,如蒿属[Artemisia Linn.)、紊蒿属(Elacanthemum Y.Ling & Y.R.Ling)及百花蒿属(Stilpnole-pis Krasch.)的异同,该属分组特点及经订正与考证过的该属107种、27变种及补遗10种的正名、异名及其分布地区等;在区系地理项中作者讨论了该属起源中心、现代分布中心,同时将亚、欧、非三洲绢蒿属区系分5亚区、8地区成分加以论述。     

中国清风藤属Sabia Colebr.(清风藤科)的订正

归并了清风藤属5个名称,Sabia campanulata Wall.ex Roxb.var,kingiana Nayar et Majumder处理为S.campanulata Wall.ex Roxb。的异名,S.metcalfiana L.Chen处理为S.leptandra Hook.f.et Thoms.的异名,S.longruiensis X.X.Chen et D.R,Ling和S.swinhoei Hemsl.ex Forbes et Hemsl.ex FOrb.et Hemsl。的异名,S.nervosa Chun ex Y.F.Wu处理为S.coriacea Rehd.et Wils.的异名,订正了缅甸清风藤S.burmania L.chen在中国有分布的错误报道。     

刺枝野丁香和穗花野丁香(茜草科)名称之合格发表

刺枝野丁香Leptodermis pilosa Diels var．acanthoclada Lo和穗花野丁香L．pilosa Diels vat．spicatiformis Lo发表时没指明模式,是不合格发表的名称。现通过指定模式,将它们的名称作合格发表。还对此2新变种及其近缘类群提供了分类检索表和地理分布图。     

中国东北蒿属光砂蒿的两个新变种

发表了东北产光砂蒿的两个新变种,即疏花光砂蒿(Artemisia oxycephala Kitag. var. sporadantha W. Wang)和金砂蒿(A. oxycephala Kitag. var. aureinitens W. Wang)     

Description of a new species and notes on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Crossoglossa</Emphasis> (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) from the eastern Andes in Colombia and Venezuela

A new species of Crossoglossa (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae), Crossoglossa acuminatissima, from Santander del Sur Department in Colombia, is described and illustrated, and its affinities are discussed. Malaxis tipuloides var. exigua is raised to the rank of species as Crossoglossa exigua, and its report from Venezuela constitutes the first record of the genus Crossoglossa in that country.

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Resumen  Se describe Crossoglossa acuminatissima de Santander del Sur en Colombia y se provee una ilustración y una discusión de sus afinidades. Malaxis tipuloides var. exigua se eleva al rango de especie como Crossoglossa exigua, y su reporte para Venezuela constituye el primer registro del género en ese país.

     

Hydroxylation of steroids by Fusarium oxysporum, Exophiala jeanselmei and Ceratocystis paradoxa

The potential of Fusarium oxysporum var. cubense UAMH 9013 to perform steroid biotransformations was reinvestigated using single phase and pulse feed conditions. The following natural steroids served as substrates: dehydroepiandrosterone (1), pregnenolone (2), testosterone (3), progesterone (4), cortisone (5), prednisone (6), estrone (7) and sarsasapogenin (8). The results showed the possible presence of C-7 and C-15 hydroxylase enzymes. This hypothesis was explored using three synthetic androstanes: androstane-3,17-dione (9), androsta-4,6-diene-3,17-dione (10) and 3α,5α-cycloandrost-6-en-17-one (11). These fermentations of non-natural steroids showed that C-7 hydroxylation was as a result of that position being allylic. The evidence also pointed towards the presence of a C-15 hydroxylase enzyme.The eleven steroids were also fed to Exophialajeanselmei var. lecanii-corni UAMH 8783. The results showed that the fungus appears to have very active 5α and 14α-hydroxylase enzymes, and is also capable of carrying out allylic oxidations.Ceratocystis paradoxa UAMH 8784 was grown in the presence of the above-mentioned steroids. The results showed that monooxygenases which effect allylic hydroxylation and Baeyer–Villiger rearrangement were active. However, redox reactions predominated.     

Molecular modeling of substrate selectivity of Candida antarctica lipase B and Candida rugosa lipase towards c9, t11- and t10, c12-conjugated linoleic acid

Molecular modeling was used to clarify the mechanism of the selectivity of Candida antarctica lipase B and Candida rugosa lipase towards cis9, trans11 (c9, t11-) and trans10, cis12 (t10, c12-) conjugated linoleic acid. Hydrogen bonds network, substrate conformation, binding affinity and water molecules in the binding site were analyzed. Substrate conformation and binding affinity were not correlated with the experimental results of the substrate selectivity. On the contrary, better enzyme preference towards a substrate was correlated with two stronger hydrogen bonds (His-NH-O_a and His-NH-Ser-O_γ) and less water molecules between the substrate the binding pocket. Possible explanation of these was discussed.     

华重楼内生真菌聚多曲霉的促生与拮抗作用

【背景】华重楼(Paris polyphylla var. chinensis)是我国一种名贵稀缺中药材,有多种药效,由于过度采挖等原因,其野生资源现已极度匮乏。华重楼的人工栽培技术尚未成熟,生长缓慢、病害频繁发生是主要的制约因素。【目的】植物益生菌的开发是一种环保且有效的解决途径,符合生态种植的要求。【方法】通过常规方法分离鉴定内生菌,选取已报道具有促生抗病作用的菌株进行玉米种子发芽试验,无氮培养基定性检测固氮活性,平板拮抗试验检测抗菌性;高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,LC-MS)检测其菌液的代谢成分;分光光度法检测华重楼幼苗丙二醛和叶绿素含量,LC-MS检测叶片水杨酸、茉莉酸、脱落酸、赤霉素、细胞分裂素、生长素的含量,测量华重楼地下部分生物量指标。【结果】分离得到一株菌jdqmzz-1,经rDNA ITS序列扩增比对、形态学观察、生理生化鉴定,确定为聚多曲霉(Aspergillus sydowii);其可以促进玉米种子发芽和华重楼生长,具有固氮、拮抗病原真菌尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum GSICC 60612)、病原细菌胡萝卜软腐果胶杆菌胡萝卜亚种(Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum,Pcc ATCC15713)的作用,真菌拮抗指数为42.50%,其菌液含有种类较多的促生和抑菌杀虫物质,菌液处理过的华重楼幼苗,叶片内源赤霉素和生长素含量较对照分别提高了54.1倍和2.3倍,叶绿素含量达到209.88 mg/g鲜重,较对照增加了48.80%,丙二醛含量较对照降低了15.20%;平均根数、平均根长、平均百株重较对照也有显著性(P0.01)提高。【结论】分离出的内生真菌聚多曲霉jdqmzz-1能够有效地促进华重楼的生长。     

假尾孢属四个新种

本文报道中国假尾孢属的4个新种:扁担秆生假尾孢(Pseudocercospora grewiigena Y. L. Guo> sp. nov.),忍冬假尾孢(Pseudocercospora lonicerae Y. L. Guo, sp. nov.),红豆树假尾孢(Pseudocercospora ormosiae Y. L. Guo & Y. R. Lin, sp. nov.)欧洲荚蒾假尾孢(Pseudocercosporatinea Y. L. Guo & W. H. Hsieh> sp. nov.)。文中对每个种都进行了描述并附图。研究的标本保存在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)。     

白花鬼针草中多烯炔类成分的分离及其生物活性研究

为了解白花鬼针草(Bidens pilosa var.radiata)的化学成分,采用多种色谱技术从其提取物中分离多烯炔类成分,并对其生物活性进行研究。结果表明,从白花鬼针草乙酸乙酯提取部位中分离鉴定出4个多烯炔类化合物,分别为5-acetoxy-2-phenylethinyl-thiophene (1)、1-phenylhepta-1,3,5-triyne (2)、5-phenyl-2-(1-propynyl)-thiophene (3)和icthyothereol acetate (4)。体外活性评价结果表明,化合物1～4均具有中等抗MRSA活性,且均对人肝LO_2细胞无毒性。首次为化合物1提供核磁数据并进行结构解析,化合物3、4为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

两面针基原植物考证及其活性成分含量分析

该研究选取广西不同类型的两面针为材料,通过查阅文献对两面针基原植物进行考证,用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)对两面针原变种及变种中的5种活性成分进行定量分析。结果表明:(1)毛两面针[Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb) DC. f. fastuosum How ex Huang]早已并入两面针原变种[Z. nitidum (Roxb.)DC. var. nitidum];虽然毛两面针与毛叶两面针中文名称相似,但不可认为是同一个变种。(2) RP-HPLC结果显示两面针原变种及变种均不含毛两面针素。(3) 5种活性成分在不同类型中存在显著性差异。(4)根据5种活性成分含量数据,对9份两面针样品进行聚类分析,结果划分为4组,与两面针形态划分一致。这不仅理清了"毛叶两面针"与"毛两面针"存在的混淆问题,而且还比较了不同形态类型间的活性成分含量,为两面针质量控制和资源的合理应用开发提供了参考。     

四川重楼属植物2新记录变种

报道了四川重楼属植物2新分布变种,分别是宽瓣球药隔重楼(Paris fargesii var. latipetala H. Li et V. G. Soukup)和红果五指莲(Paris axialis H. Li var. rubra H. H. Zhou, K. Y. Wu et R. Tao)。其中红果五指莲为贵州特有类群,且为孤点分布。四川新分布的发现对于重楼属植物的系统分类和迁徙演化研究具有重要意义。