Fucoidan对巨噬细胞RAW264.7的免疫调节作用

目的观察褐藻多糖硫酸酯(Fucoidan)对巨噬细胞RAW264.7体外吞噬活性、细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6分泌,以及Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA表达的影响。方法实验分对照组,Fucoidan高、中、低剂量组(浓度分别是200、400和800μg/mL)。药物处理6~48h后,MTT法检测RAW264.7细胞活力;中性红比色法检测细胞吞噬活性;ELISA法检测培养上清中TNF-α和IL-6的分泌水平;实时定量PCR检测Toll样受体4(TLR4)mRNA表达量。结果与对照组相比,Fucoidan显著增强RAW264.7细胞代谢活力和吞噬能力(P0.01),增加TNF-α和IL-6的分泌,上调TLR4的表达,呈剂量依赖关系。结论 Fucoidan可上调TLR4表达,增强巨噬细胞代谢和吞噬活性,增加TNF-α和IL-6的分泌,具有潜在的调节免疫作用。     

乳酸杆菌发酵液RNA的抗肿瘤及对巨噬细胞功能的调节作用

目的研究乳酸杆菌DM9811发酵滤液中存在的100200 bp长的RNA片段（Ls-RNA）的免疫调节与抗肿瘤作用。方法采用中性红吞噬试验检测巨噬细胞吞噬功能,用L929细胞检测TNF,用免疫保护试验检测体内抗肿瘤作用。结果Ls-RNA可增强脾巨噬细胞的吞噬活性,对小鼠肝癌Hca-F的生长有抑制作用,延长小鼠的存活时间,但对TG诱导的腹腔巨噬细胞产生TNF无明显调节作用。结论Ls-RNA有一定免疫调节和抗肿瘤作用。     

仿刺参多糖抗肿瘤及对荷瘤小鼠免疫调节作用

目的 观察仿刺参多糖(AJPS)抗肿瘤及免疫调节作用.方法 采用MTT法检测AJPS对人肝癌HepG-2细胞抑制率;以Hca-F肝癌小鼠为模型,采用MTT法、放免法测定荷瘤小鼠细胞免疫指标.结果 AJPS抑制HepG-2细胞生长,抑制小鼠移植瘤生长;增强脾淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞活性,促进TNF-α和IL-2的产生.结论 AJPS具有对HepG-2细胞的直接杀伤作用;AJPS对荷瘤小鼠有免疫调节活性,在肿瘤的免疫治疗中发挥作用.     

金线莲多糖对免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞体外增殖、分泌NO及细胞因子的影响

本试验旨在研究金线莲多糖(ARP)对免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞体外增殖、NO及细胞因子IL-2、IL-6、IFN-γ分泌水平的影响。MTT法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞体外增殖;Griess法检测NO分泌水平;ELISA法检测细胞因子IL-2、IL-6、IFN-γ的含量。结果显示,与对照组比较,ARP在50~400μg/m L可明显促进免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞体外增殖(P0.01),促进NO分泌(P0.01),促进细胞因子IL-2、IL-6和IFN-γ分泌(P0.05,P0.01)。以上结果提示ARP能提高免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞体外免疫活性,其作用机制可能与促进免疫抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,促进NO产生以及提高IL-2、IL-6、IFN-γ的分泌水平有关。     

海胆黄多糖SEP对S180的体内抑制作用

研究海胆黄多糖SEP对S180肉瘤的抑制作用及初步机制。MTT法检测SEP对体外培养的S180细胞生长的抑制作用;建立小鼠S180肉瘤模型观察SEP抗肿瘤活性;检测SEP协同ConA/LPS刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖作用;同时,考察SEP对NK细胞和杀伤性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lym-phocyte,CTL)活性的影响;碳粒廓清检测SEP对小鼠单核巨噬细胞吞噬功能的影响。研究表明,海胆黄多糖SEP高中低剂量(16、8、4 mg/kg)显著抑制小鼠180实体瘤生长,增加小鼠脾指数和胸腺指数,协同ConA/LPS刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,提高小鼠NK细胞和CTL活性,增强小鼠单核巨噬细胞的吞噬功能,通过免疫调节提高小鼠免疫功能达到抑制S180作用。     

建立分泌型荧光素酶基因标记的原位肝癌模型及用于干扰素β基因治疗评价

旨在建立一种分泌型荧光素酶基因标记的小鼠原位移植型肝癌模型并观察其对干扰素β基因治疗的反应。首先建立稳定表达分泌型荧光素酶Gluc(Gaussia princeps luciferase)的小鼠肝癌细胞Hepa 1-6/Gluc;将该细胞通过脾注射至C57BL/6小鼠肝脏建立原位移植型肝癌模型,通过检测外周血Gluc活性监测小鼠体内肿瘤生长情况;用此模型观察水动力注射干扰素β质粒DNA的抗肿瘤效果。结果表明,通过脾注射Gluc基因标记的Hepa 1-6细胞可以建立小鼠原位移植型肝癌模型;外周血Gluc活性可以有效反映体内接种肿瘤细胞的数量和肿瘤的生长情况;通过监测外周血Gluc活性可灵敏反映干扰素β基因治疗对肿瘤生长的抑制作用。本研究表明,利用Gluc为报告基因建立的小鼠原位移植型肝癌模型可以体外实时监测肿瘤的生长情况,并能灵敏可靠地用于抗肿瘤治疗效果的评价。     

透明质酸孵育树突状细胞对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

目的：研究透明质酸对小鼠骨髓来源树突状细胞功能的影响以及回输后荷黑色素瘤小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖、活化和细胞因子 的变化,进而探讨透明质酸诱导的树突状细胞增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的机制。方法：体外细胞因子联合诱导培养小鼠骨髓细胞获 得树突状细胞（DCs）,免疫磁珠分选纯化获得CD11c+树突状细胞,经不同浓度透明质酸（HA）刺激后,采用酶联免疫吸附法 （ELISA）检测培养上清液中细胞因子IL-12p70 含量。建立小鼠皮下B16 黑色素瘤模型,肿瘤局部皮下回输HA 孵育DC后检测 肿瘤大小,应用ConA 检测脾淋巴细胞增殖情况,应用MTT 法检测脾淋巴细胞杀伤活性,ELISA 法检测脾淋巴细胞分泌的 TNF-alpha和IFN-r的表达,以单纯DC回输、生理盐水注射以及正常小鼠（无瘤）组作为对照。结果：在10～100 ug/mL 范围内,HA 以剂量依赖的方式上调DCs 分泌IL-12p70。HA 孵育DC处理组肿瘤生长明显受到抑制;淋巴细胞增殖反应、杀伤活性和细胞因 子TNF-alpha和IFN-r的表达明显高于单纯DC 组和生理盐水组(P < 0.05)。结论：透明质酸可促进小鼠骨髓DC 的成熟;透明质酸孵 育的DC 通过增强荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤免疫功能而抑制肿瘤的生长。     

斗米虫蛋白体外抗肿瘤活性及其对小鼠巨噬细胞免疫调节作用

该文主要为了研究斗米虫蛋白的体外抗肿瘤活性及其免疫调节作用。提取斗米虫总蛋白,逐级盐析分为3个部分,透析除盐后得到不同蛋白部位,并采用SDS-PAGE检测斗米虫不同蛋白部位的分子量;利用MTT法、流式细胞术等方法研究斗米虫蛋白对人胃癌细胞MFC和小鼠乳腺癌细胞4T1增殖、迁移和凋亡的作用。MTT法研究斗米虫蛋白对小鼠单核巨噬细胞RAW264.7和人脐静脉内皮细胞HUEVC增殖的影响;荧光微球吞噬实验检测斗米虫蛋白对RAW264.7细胞吞噬能力的影响;Griess法检测对RAW264.7细胞释放NO能力的影响;ELISA法检测对RAW264.7细胞的IL-6、TNF-α和IL-1β分泌量;RT-PCR法检测不同浓度的斗米虫蛋白作用后RAW264.7细胞中TNF-α、IL-1、TLR4、MIR-7、IFN-γ、TRL-4、IL-6以及4T1细胞中MMP2、MMP9、STAT3、c-Myc和Sdf1 mRNA水平变化。结果显示,斗米虫蛋白主要分子量集中于63 kDa,斗米虫蛋白对人胃癌细胞MFC及小鼠乳腺癌细胞4T1的增殖表现出较好抑制作用,并呈现出一定剂量依赖关系(P<0.05),对HUEVC细胞没有细胞毒性,对RAW264.7细胞表现出较好的促进增殖的作用(P<0.05)。斗米虫蛋白实验组与正常组细胞相比可以抑制4T1细胞的迁移(P<0.01),可诱导MFC和4T1细胞凋亡(P<0.05);斗米虫蛋白能够提高RAW264.7细胞的吞噬活性、NO释放量、TNF-α、1L-1β和IL-6分泌量及TNF-α、IL-1、TLR4、MIR-7、IFN-γ和IL-6细胞因子的mRNA水平以及能显著下调4T1细胞中MMP2、MMP9、STAT3、c-Myc和Sdf1 mRNA水平(P<0.05,P<0.01)。由此推论,斗米虫蛋白具有较好的体外抗肿瘤活性并且具有潜在的免疫调节作用。     

雪灵芝粗多糖对小鼠免疫细胞增殖与功能的体外激活作用

为观察雪灵芝粗多糖(Arenaria kansuensis crude polysaccharide,AKCP)对体外培养的小鼠脾淋巴细胞、NK细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞增殖与功能的影响。以不同浓度AKCP作用于体外培养的上述细胞48 h,采用中性红吞噬实验及NO释放实验检测巨噬细胞功能,MTT法检测脾淋巴细胞增殖及NK细胞杀伤活性,流式细胞术检测脾淋巴细胞CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+亚群,ELISA法检测脾细胞培养上清中IL-2和IFN-γ水平。结果显示,AKCP各浓度组小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬活性和NO释放量、脾淋巴细胞刺激指数及培养上清中IFN-γ水平、NK细胞杀伤活性均高于空白对照组(P0.05);AKCP中浓度组脾淋巴细胞CD3~+、CD4~+亚群及培养上清中IL-2水平也明显升高(P0.05)。提示AKCP对小鼠免疫细胞的增殖与功能具有体外激活作用。     

乳杆菌对牛乳β-乳球蛋白致敏小鼠淋巴细胞分泌Th1/Th2型细胞因子和抗体的体外影响

为了分析乳杆菌对致敏小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌Th1/Th2细胞因子及抗体的体外影响,用牛乳β-乳球蛋白腹腔注射BALB/c小鼠建立过敏症模型,造模成功后,分离致敏小鼠的脾淋巴细胞并与4种活/死乳杆菌(107 CFU/mL)体外共同孵育,ELISA法检测细胞上清液中细胞因子(IL-12、IFN-γ和IL-4)和抗体(总IgE、β-Lg特异性IgE和总IgG)含量。4种活/死乳杆菌均可体外调节致敏小鼠脾淋巴细胞分泌细胞因子和抗体的水平,特别是热致死的发酵乳杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌可提高淋巴细胞IL-12和IFN-γ的分泌,抑制IL-4的分泌,使其IFN-γ/IL-4比值(代表Th1/Th2细胞平衡)高于活菌,与空白对照组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。同时,这两株热致死菌还可显著下调细胞上清液中总IgE、特异性IgE和总IgG抗体的浓度(P<0.05)。试验结果表明乳杆菌可提高牛乳β-乳球蛋白致敏小鼠脾淋巴细胞的IFN-γ/IL-4比值,进而纠正Th2占优势的Th1/Th2失衡,下调抗体分泌量,且具有菌株特异性。     

驱虫斑鸠菊注射液治疗白癜风的作用机制研究

探讨驱虫斑鸠菊(VW)注射液治疗白癜风的作用机制。进行以下实验探讨VW对小鼠免疫功能的影响:淋巴细胞转化试验测定小鼠脾T、B细胞增殖活性;脾细胞介导羊红细胞定量溶血分光光度法测定B细胞生成抗体活性,流式细胞法测定B细胞上CD19表达活性;迟发型超敏反应(DTH)试验测定T细胞活性、眼3H演-TdR掺入法测定T细胞分泌IL-2活性等。用酶学方法研究VW对小鼠体内酪氨酸酶的作用。用半定量逆转录聚合酶链反应技术检测酪氨酸酶基因表达活性。结果表明,VW可以明显抑制小鼠体内T、B细胞的增殖反应(P<0.01);对绵羊红细胞(SRBC)诱导的正常小鼠脾脏抗体形成细胞活性、CD19B细胞亚类表达、小鼠DTH反应和T细胞分泌IL-2活性也具有明显的抑制作用,这些抑制作用与药物浓度有一定的剂量效应关系。VW还可以提高小鼠血清酪氨酸酶活性,增强酪氨酸酶基因的表达。以上结果说明,VW可抑制小鼠免疫功能,可以从转录水平增强酪氨酸酶活性,进而促进黑素合成。     

肉苁蓉多糖的促淋巴细胞增殖作用

目的研究肉苁蓉多糖（CDPS）对小鼠淋巴细胞增殖的影响。方法MTT法检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞的增殖。环磷酰胺（Cy）复制免疫功能低下的动物模型,分别测定正常及免疫低下动物脾脏、胸腺指数。胸腺细胞增殖法测定白细胞介素-2（IL-2）活性。结果CDPS对丝裂原（ConA及LPS）活化淋巴细胞及未活化正常细胞均有明显促增殖作用,并促进淋巴细胞IL-2的分泌。腹腔给药显示CDPS具明显提高正常及免疫低下小鼠的脾指数,对因Cy所致胸腺指数的降低也有显著的对抗作用。结论CDPS可显著促进小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖,该作用可能与其促IL-2分泌有关。     

Modulation of the immunosuppressive effects of splenic macrophages in Fischer rats bearing adenocarcinoma 13762

Summary The nature of spleen cells in Fischer rats bearing a large size (>1 cm diameter) mammary adenocarcinoma 13762A (MAC) which block the immunostimulating capacities of MTP² (a synthetic immunomodulator) and suppress proliferation in vitro of splenic T and B lymphocytes by their respective mitogens was investigated. Splenic macrophages were recognized as the suppressor cells by (a) restoration of mitogenic responses by depletion of macrophages from spleen cell suspensions and (b) continued suppressor activity in spleen cell suspensions of tumor bearers devoid of viable T lymphocytes. Macrophage contact with T lymphocytes was required for the inhibition of T lymphocyte proliferation by concanavalin A as shown by (a) the absence of suppressor activity in supernatants derived from cultured suppressor macrophages, (b) lowering of the suppressor activity of intact macrophages after treatment with neuraminidase, (c) lowering of the suppressor activity of macrophages by addition of red cells to spleen cultures of tumor bearers indicating red cell interference with macrophage-T cell interaction and (d) lack of inhibiting action of suppressor macrophages on allogenic T lymphocyte proliferation showing macrophage T cell recognition for suppression.Animals bearing a large size tumor exhibited spleen hypertrophy and an increase in macrophage:lymphocyte ratio and a decrease in red cell:lymphocyte ratio. Splenic macrophages did not appear to be implicated in blocking antitumor immunity induction since (a) suppressor macrophages were absent in spleens during the inductive phase of the immune response and (b) MAC implanted in allogenic Wistar rats grew to about 2 cm diameter, induced splenic suppressor macrophages but the tumor was later rejected by the animals. Collectively the results suggest that suppressor macrophages are the result of increasing tumor volume rather than its cause.This study was supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute of Canada Abbreviations used: Con A, Concanavalin A; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PHA, phytohemagglutinin; MTP, maltose tetrapalmitate; MAC, mammary adenocarcinoma 13762; RPMI, Roswell Park Memorial Institute; TBR, tumor bearing rat; RBC, red blood cell     

Fucoidan inhibits tooth movement by promoting restorative macrophage polarization through the STAT3 pathway

Retention after treatment and effective anchorage control are two essential factors in orthodontics. Our study aimed to explore the effects of fucoidan on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and the involvement of macrophages. We established a murine OTM model to test the effect of fucoidan administration. We found that mice injected with fucoidan had a deceleration in OTM and a higher bone mineral density. Moreover, fucoidan increased the proportion of F4/80⁺CD206⁺ macrophages and promoted the messenger RNA expression of Arg-1, CD206, and IL-10 at both in vivo and in vitro levels. In addition, macrophages showed lower expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and a decrease in F4/80⁺CD11c⁺ cells. Mechanistically, the level of phosphorylated STAT3 was elevated in unpolarized and restorative macrophages after treatment with fucoidan. Taken together, our findings suggest that fucoidan treatment inhibits OTM and enhances the stability of teeth after movement by promoting restorative macrophages through the STAT3 pathway.     

Inhibition of interleukin-10 (IL-10) production from MOPC 315 tumor cells by IL-10 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides enhances cell-mediated immune responses

 Interleukin-10 (IL-10) has both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on diverse cell types of the immune system. It inhibits the antigen-presenting capacity of monocytes/macrophages and stimulates T cell proliferation. Although many tumors spontaneously release IL-10, the physiological relevance of this phenomenon to the in vivo antitumor immune response is not known. To elucidate the physiological role of tumor-released IL-10, we used IL-10-specific antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODN) for the inhibition of IL-10 production from the tumor cells. Incubation of MOPC 315 plasmacytoma with IL-10 AS-ODN in vitro resulted in inhibition of IL-10 production and also in enhancement of the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, MHC class II, and B7-1 molecules. MOPC 315 cells incubated with IL-10 AS-ODN (MOPC-IL10AS) for 16 h in vitro showed reduced tumorigenicity in Balb/c mice. The mice implanted with MOPC-IL10AS effectively rejected the tumor graft, and showed strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity against the parental MOPC 315 cells. In addition, MOPC-IL10AS were more effective as stimulator cells in mixed lymphocyte/tumor cell culture, and as target cells in a CTL assay. These results imply that IL-10 spontaneously released from MOPC 315 cells inhibits their immunogenicity and that the inhibition of IL-10 production by IL-10 AS-ODN may be a way to enhance the host cellular antitumor immune response. Received: 11 November 1999 / Accepted: 6 April 2000     

紫菜多糖对免疫细胞及肿瘤细胞生长的影响（英文）

采用细胞培养技术测定从条斑紫菜中得到的多糖PY3对小鼠免疫细胞及人肿瘤细胞K562生长的影响。结果表明,PY3对小鼠骨髓细胞和脾脏淋巴细胞的增殖以及对混合淋巴细胞反应均有一定的促进作用。PY3对血癌细胞K562的生长有一定的抑制作用,研究表明多糖PY3不仅能够提高小鼠免疫细胞的功能,而且有一定的抗肿瘤作用。     

Impaired interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 production following in vitro abortive infection of murine spleen mononuclear cells by Semliki Forest virus

The effect of Semliki Forest virus (SFV) infection of murine spleen mononuclear cells was investigated in vitro. A small percentage of spleen macrophages expressed viral antigens, but no infectious virus particles were released, indicating an abortive-type infection. Wild-type SFV infected a higher percentage of macrophages than the attenuated, demyelinating mutant A7. The proliferation of spleen mononuclear cells under Con A stimulation was inhibited by the viral infection. The supernatant (SN) harvested from infected and Con A-stimulated spleen adherent cells could not stimulate thymocytes in an interleukin 1 (IL-1) assay and indomethacin treatment of infected cultures had no effect. The stimulatory effect of SN from noninfected cultures in the IL-1 assay was reduced when SN from infected cultures was added, suggesting the presence of an IL-1 inhibitor. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) production by splenocytes also decreased after viral infection, but exogenous IL-2 restored the response to Con A stimulation of infected spleen cells. This study demonstrates that abortive SFV infection of spleen macrophages has an immunosuppressive effect which may lead to an aberrant immune regulation.