攀枝花苏铁叶中的一个新黄酮碳甙

从攀枝花苏铁(Cycas panzhihuaensis L. Zhou et S. Y. Yang)叶中分离出6个化合物,其中1个为新黄酮碳甙,命名为攀枝花苏铁甙(1),其结构通过波谱解析和化学降解得以确定.其余化合物分别鉴定为2,3-二氢偏柏黄酮(2)、 5,5″,7,7″,4′,4-六羟基-(2′,8″)-双黄酮(3)、香草酸(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)和胡萝卜甙(6).     

三叶崖爬藤中的新黄酮碳甙

从三叶崖爬藤(Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg.)的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到3个黄酮碳甙,经化学方法和光谱分析鉴定为:5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-6-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-4)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖甙(1),5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-8-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-4)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖甙(2),5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-6,8-二-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(3),1和2为新化合物,分别命名为崖爬藤甙和异崖爬藤甙.     

茂汶淫羊藿化学成分的研究

从小檗科植物茂汶淫羊藿 (EpimediumplatyetalumK .Meyer)的地上部分首次分离得到 5种化合物 (1- 5 ) ,经化学和波谱法 (UV、IR、NMR和FAB_MS)鉴定 ,其中两种为新化合物 ,命名为茂藿甙A (3,5_dihydroxy_4′_methoxy_8_(3″_hydroxyisopentyl)_flavone_7_O_β_D_glucopyranoside ,1)和茂藿甙B (5_hydroxy_4′_methoxy_8_prenyl_flavone_3_O_β_D_glu copyranosyl(1→ 4 )_O_α_L_rhamnopyranosyl_7_O_β_D_glucopyranoside ,2 ) ,另三种为淫羊藿甙 (3)、宝藿甙_Ⅰ (4)和胡萝卜甙 (5 )。     

聚花过路黄的化学成分研究

从聚花过路黄(Lysimachia conestiflora)全草提取物的氯仿、乙酸乙酯部分分离出5个化合物,经理化常数和波谱分析,分别鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,1),槲皮素(Quercetin,2),3’-甲基杨梅黄酮(Larycitrin,3),牡荆甙(Vitexin,4),芹菜素-6-C-木糖甙(Cerarvensin,5)。其中化合物3,4,5为首次由该属植物中获得。     

小叶臭黄皮的黄酮苷甙成分

从云南西双版纳的小叶臭黄皮（Clausena excavata Burm.f.）中分离到一个新黄酮甙,5,7,5′－三羟基－3′,4′－二甲氧基黄酮3－0－α－L－吡喃鼠李糖甙（1）和4个已知黄酮甙,分别为5,7,3′,5′－四羟基－4′－甲氧基黄酮3－O－α－L－吡喃鼠李糖甙（2）,5,7,3′－三羟基－4′－甲氧基黄酮3－O－α－L－吡喃鼠李糖甙（3）,5,7,4′－三羟基－3′,5′－二甲氧基黄酮3－O－α－L－吡喃鼠李糖甙（4）,5,7,4′－三羟基黄桐3－O－α－L－吡喃鼠李糖甙（5）。根据HMQC、HMBC实验修正了化合物2－5C6和C8的位碳化学位移的归属。     

三叶崖爬藤中的新黄酮碳甙

从三叶崖爬藤（Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg)的95%乙醇提取物中分离得到3个黄酮碳甙,经化学方法和光谱分析鉴定为：5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-6-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖（1-4）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（1）,5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-8-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖（1-4）-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖甙（2）,5,7,4′-三羟基黄酮-6,8-二-C-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙（3）,1和2为新化合物,分别命名为崖爬藤甙和异崖爬藤甙。     

长鞭红景天中一个新的葡萄糖甙

从云南怒江产的长鞭红景天 (Rhodiolafastigiata (Hook .f.etThoms.)S .H .Fu)根茎中分离得到 13个化合物 ,它们的结构通过波谱和化学方法得到鉴定。其中 ,化合物 1被鉴定为新的葡萄糖甙 (2_O_β_D_吡喃葡糖基_3_甲基_戊酸甲酯 ) ,命名为长鞭红景天素甲 ,化合物 2和 5～ 9首次从该植物中分离得到     

小花盾叶薯蓣甙的酶降解

从小花盾叶薯蓣 (DioscoreaparvifloraC .T .Ting)的新鲜根状茎中分离到一个新的呋甾烷型配糖体 ,命名为小花盾叶薯蓣甙 (parvifloside) (1) ,其结构通过波谱和化学方法鉴定为 :(2 5R)_2 6_O_β_glucopyranosyl_furost_5_en_3β ,2 2 ξ ,2 6_triol 3_O_β_D_glucopyranosyl (1→ 3)_β_D_glucopyranosyl (1→ 4 )_[α_L_rhamnopyranosyl (1→ 2 ) ]_β_D_glucopyra noside。化合物 1在纤维素酶粗酶和 β_葡萄糖苷酶中进行水解 ,得到降解产物 2 - 7。对 1的酶解现象进行了讨论。同时 ,对所分离的甾体皂甙的抗稻瘟霉菌活性进行了初步筛选。     

罗汉果中三萜甙的分离和结构测定

从新鲜罗汉果 (Siraitia grosvenorii (Swingle) C.Jeffery ex L u et Z.Y.Zhang)中分得罗汉果新甙 (neomogroside,5)和已知的葫芦烷三萜甙 :罗汉果甙 E(mogroside E,1 )、罗汉果甙 (mogroside ,2 )、罗汉果甙 (mogroside ,3)和罗汉果甙 (mogroside ,4)。化合物 3～ 5具有高甜度 ,化合物4是罗汉果的主要成分 ,约占鲜果的 0 .5% ,化合物 5是罗汉果中的微量成分 ,为新的天然甜味剂。通过分析各种光谱 (1 H- NMR、1 3 C- NMR、1 H- 1 H COSY、1 3 C- 1 H COSY和 NOE差谱等 )辅以化学反应鉴定了它们的结构。     

新疆圆柏化学成分研究

从新疆圆柏枝叶中分离得到9个化合物,经理化性质和光谱解析分别为扁柏双黄酮（hinokiflavone,1）、芹菜甙元（apigenin,2）、鬼臼毒素（podophyllotoxin,3）、苦松甙（coniferin,4）、肉豆蔻酸丙酯（propionic acetate myristic acid,5）、β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,6）、圆柏醇（sabinal,7）、反式璎珞酸（trans-communic acid,8）、蔗糖（sucrose,9）,其中化合物1～4为首次从该植物中提取分离得到.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.