浙江辐照对离体质粒DNA的断裂效应

利用低功率的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光辐照离体质粒ＤＮＡ,并用离子束和紫外线为对照,分析了质粒ＤＮＡ的单双链断裂效应。结果表明：Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光辐照可诱发质粒ＤＮＡ断裂,且断裂频率辐照剂量增大而提高;Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光辐照后的质粒超螺旋双链的ＤＮＡ存活率剂量曲线不同于紫外线和氮离子束。Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光诱发双链断裂的频率低于氮离子束和紫外线。     

HeNe激光辐照对离体质粒DNA损伤及诱发lacZ基因突变的研究

利用低功率ＨｅＮｅ激光辐照离体质粒ＤＮＡ,分析了质粒ＤＮＡ的损伤效应和ｌａｃＺ基因的突变。结果表明ＨｅＮｅ激光低剂量辐照可提高质粒转化活性,随着剂量增加可引起ＤＮＡ结构显著损伤,导致质粒失活,同时可诱发ｌａｃＺ基因突变,其最高突变率可达１０．５８×１０－４,且突变率的剂量效应曲线可用Ｙ＝ａ＋ｂｘ＋ｃｘ２来描述。与紫外线辐照相比,ＨｅＮｅ激光对ｌａｃＺ基因的诱变效率低于紫外线。     

激光与DNA作用系统非线性共振实验初探

用紫外可见分光光度计,对受Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光辐照过的ＤＮＡ溶液进行扫描。发现２０９ｎｍ吸收峰降低了１０％,表明６３２．８ｎｍＨｅ－Ｎｅ激光波ＤＮＡ吸收而引起其构象变化。Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光波长６３２．８ｎｍ,约为２０９ｎｍ的３倍,恰好为我们理论研究的激光与ＤＮＡ相互作用非线性系统的超谐波共振波长。因此该实验结果使我们的理论结果得到了初步验证。     

激光辐照洋葱L1代的生理效应研究

采用ＣＯ２和Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ两种激光的三种剂量,分别辐照两个洋葱品种的湿种子,采用生理生化的方法,从过氧化氢酶、叶绿素、总糖总量等三个方面考查研究洋葱Ｌ１各处理的生物学效应。结果表明：Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光辐照洋葱Ｌ１代的过氧化氢酶、叶绿素、总糖含量的变异大于ＣＯ２激光辐照,可作为激光诱导变洋葱育种参考。     

He—Ne激光对杜梨幼苗POD和CAT活性的影响

用不同剂量的Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光辐照杜梨种子,并测定其幼苗中过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）和过氧化氢酶（ＣＡＴ）活性,结果表明,适宜剂量的Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光辐照能显著提高杜梨幼苗的ＰＯＤ和ＣＡＴ活性。     

He—Ne激光照射对成纤维细胞内[Ca^2＋]i浓度影响的流式细胞计测定

目的：Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光照射治疗的机理不明,激光照射引起细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋水平变化,为治疗机理提供理论依据。方法：Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光照射引起鼠成纤维细胞Ｌ９２９内［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ的变化,用ＨＯ３４２对细胞ＤＮＡ活性染色,Ｆｌｕｏ－３ＡＭ对细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋染色,利用ＦＣＭ同时定量分析细胞ＤＮＡ和细胞内Ｃａ＾２＋的变化。结果：激光照射１５ｍｉｎ（光剂量１１．８１Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２后,ＦＣＭ分析可见ＤＮＡ分布直方图右移     

不同离子辐照对离体质粒DNA损伤与转化活性的影响

利用 30Kev的N+ 、Ar+ 离子辐照离体质粒DNA ,分析了不同离子对DNA单双链断裂及转化活性的影响。结果表明 :N+ 、Ar+ 离子辐照均可引起质粒DNA单双链断裂和转化活性的变化 ,且随着辐照剂量的增加 ,单双链断裂频率增加 ,转化活性下降。Ar+对离体质粒DNA比N+ 具有更强的单双链断裂效应 ,且从 9× 10 15Ar+ cm2 剂量开始 ,质粒可完全丧失转化活性。质粒转化活性的大小与DNA单双链断裂频率呈正相关     

He—Ne激光诱变白细胞DNA的拉曼光谱研究

报道了Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光对白细胞ＤＮＡ诱变的拉曼光谱研究。Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光辐射前,白细胞ＤＮＡ主链振动区域出现二条强的Ａ,Ｃ构型特征线８１２ｃｍ－１和８７２ｃｍ－１,以及弱的Ｂ型语线１０９２ｃｍ－１。辐射后,Ａ型特征线８１２ｃｍ－１消失,代之是与Ｂ型结构有关的二条强的语线８００ｃｍ－１和１０９０ｃｍ－１。试验结果表明,Ｈｅ—Ｎｅ激光可诱变ＤＮＡ构型（ＡＭ－Ｂ型）。在碱基振动区域,辐射前其拉曼谱出现强而宽的Ｃ＝０伸长振动谱线１６８０ｃｍ－１,这是与酮基结构有关的谱线,辐射后该谱线强度大大减弱。实验结果提示,Ｈｅ一Ｎｅ激光有可能使碱基发生互变异构。     

激光对花生诱变效果的研究

Ｈｅ－ＮｅＹＡＧ和ＣＯ２激光对花生Ｌ１代幼苗期有刺激生长的作用,ＣＯ２激光对花生Ｌ１代的株高有较明显的抑制作用,ＣＯ２,Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ和ＹＡＧ激光对花生Ｌ１代植株的总果数,饱果数有一定的增多作用,且前者最明显,但Ｎ２激光对花生Ｌ１代植株的总果数,饱果数均有明显的减少作用;Ｈｅ－ＮｅＹＡＧ,Ｎ２和ＣＯ２激光均能诱发药生根尖细胞染色体畸变,且畸变率随辐照剂量的增大而上升,以上四种激光所诱发发生的变异性状是     

不同剂量的He—Ne激光对Raji细胞表面电荷的影响

本文以离体培养的Ｒａｊｉ细胞为材料,采用细胞电泳技术检测了不同剂量的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光对Ｒａｊｉ细胞表面电荷的影响,发现低于或者等于０．５Ｊ／ｃｍ＾２的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光能量对膜表面电荷无明显影响（Ｐ〉０．０５）;大于此剂量的Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光可使膜表面电荷（绝对值）下降,即负电荷数减小,ＥＰＭ下降（Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

The mechanism of hatching of eggs of Haemonchus contortus

Fluid collected from hatching eggs of Haemonchus contortus contained a lipase which hydrolysed 2-naphthyl laurate (about 0·7 μmol naphthol freed /h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid also hydrolysed l-leucinamide (about 2·3 μmol leucine freed/h/10⁶ eggs). The fluid when added to normal or heated eggs caused ‘hatching’. ‘Hatching’ also occurred in exsheathing fluid from infective juveniles and in a preparation of pancreatic lipase containing leucine aminopeptidase. A purified mammalian leucine aminopeptidase in combination with several different lipases did not attack egg shells.The ‘spontaneous’ hatching of eggs of H. contortus was strongly inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, 10^?3M, and this inhibition was reversed by Zn²⁺. However, the inhibition of ‘hatching’ of eggs in externally applied hatching fluid, or the hydrolysis of leucinamide in hatching fluid was generally less marked.