论Richards增长曲线

本文给出了Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ增长曲线一个很好的解析表达式,它使得Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ增长曲线、Ｇｏｍｐｅｒｔｚ增长曲线与Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ增长曲线之间的关系清晰了,提示了著名的Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ增长曲线与Ｇｏｍｐｅｒｔｚ增长曲线是Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ增长曲线的特殊情形,而且还给出了Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ增长曲线一些很好的特性。     

植物曲线种种

在浩瀚的植物王国中,千奇百怪的植物形态,不禁会引发我们的联想：为什么会有这么多变幻无穷的形态？它们在其生存环境中有何意义7这些形态曲线与几何图形中的曲线又有什么联系与区别？     

Z曲线的理论研究

DNA序列与正四面体(RT)中的映象点(D格点)具有对应关系．一系列D格点形成晶格(D晶格)．D晶格证明是面心立方晶格,并揭示了D格点的空间分布规律．在此基础上得到Z曲线的一些特性,如Z曲线束具有S4群的对称性。Z曲线均在最大正四面体的内切球内等等．     

一条有丝分裂和减数分裂通用曲线的解析

图1曲线是典型的细胞分裂过程中DNA含量变化曲线．同时也是一条有丝分裂和减数分裂可以通用的曲线。横轴表示细胞分裂时期,纵轴有3种标注方法表示DNA的含量：①当纵轴标注为“核中DNA含量”时,则曲线只表示有丝分裂过程中核DNA含量的变化,不与减数分裂通用;     

一种生长曲线的参数估计方法

本文在现有文献研究的基础上,对生长曲线的参数估计问题又作了进一步研究,给出了一种生长曲线参数估计的方法,并进行了示例计算．     

排球运动技能训练曲线的相关性研究

排球运动技能训练曲线的类型主要有先快后慢的负加速形训练曲线、先慢后快的正加速形训练曲线、高原平台训练曲线、S形训练曲线和线形训练曲线等,要对排球有规律的训练必须对排球运动技能训练曲线正确的认识,才能加速排球运动技能的形成。     

PV曲线压力室技术的改进

应用压力室进行植物PV曲线分析已在植物水分关系研究中很受重视,而且随着精密电子天平的应用,PV曲线测绘方     

蛋白质特征曲线的研究

提出一种新颖的方案使蛋白质结构信息可视化。在滑动窗口方法基础上,每一个天然氨基酸采用从氨基酸索引数据库中挑选的48种特性参数描述,在某一特定窗口下的所有氨基酸残基的参数就组成一个矩阵,通过矩阵变换得到一个方矩阵,再经过窗口的滑动就得到基于整个蛋白质的所有这些窗口矩阵的本征值矩阵。对本征值矩阵元素作图得到一系列的本征值曲线,这种曲线的轮廓不随窗口的变化而变化,这些曲线被称为蛋白质的特征曲线。为选择合适的窗口宽度、对同一类型蛋白质不同窗口宽度及不同类型蛋白质相同窗口宽度下的本征值矩阵进行了比较研究,对其潜在的用途进行了讨论。     

RNA-Z曲线及其在病毒基因识别中的应用

20世纪90年代中期提出的Z曲线方法从几何学的角度阐明了如何识别基因,并取得了非常好的实验结果．但它是完全基于DNA序列结构构建的,对于识别RNA病毒基因效果并不理想,本文提出的RNA—Z曲线方法则弥补了这一缺陷．     

运用遗传算法拟合Logistic曲线的研究

Logistic方程是研究有限空间内种群增长规律的重要工具之一．本文运用遗传算法拟合logistic曲线,并且比较了各种方法的拟合结果,证明遗传算法具有较强的拟合非线性方程的能力,对生物实验及生态、生理学中诸多非线性曲线的参数估计具有普遍意义．     

重要值-面积曲线在热带亚热带森林中的应用

重要值—面积曲线不仅可以确定群落最小面积,并可绘出种群的相对稳定的重要值,表达出群落的最主要特征,因而,具有一定的理论意义和实用价值。 在种类复杂而偶见种又很多的森林群落中,如以传统的种—面积曲线确定的最小面积会很大,但实际上许多偶见种对群落性质的影响并不重要。如应用重要值—面积曲线获得的最小面积虽然相对较小,但它能满足群落学研究的需要。在寡种群落中,以种—面积曲线确定的最小面积会过小,不足以表达群落的主要特征,而重要值—面积曲线则可得到较大的,足以表达群落特征的最小面积。本文提出重要值数学公式,以及重复随机集合取样的数学公式为：以助于确定最小面积。     

HUMAN GROWTH CURVE

The human growth curve shows two (and only two) outstanding periods of accelerated growth—the circumnatal and the adolescent. The circumnatal growth cycle attains great velocity, which reaches a maximum at the time of birth. The curve of this cycle is best fitted by a theoretical skew curve of Pearson''s Type I. It has a theoretical range of 44 months and a standard deviation of 5.17 months. The modal velocity is 10.2 kilos per year. The adolescent growth cycle has less maximum velocity and greater range in time than the circumnatal cycle. The best fitting theoretical curve is a normal frequency curve ranging over about 10 years with a standard deviation of about 21 months and a modal velocity of 4.5 kilos per year. The two great growth accelerations are superimposed on a residual curve of growth which measures a substratum of growth out of which the accelerations arise. This probably extends from conception to 55 years, on the average. It is characterized by low velocity, averaging about 2 kilos per year from 2 to 12 years. It is interpreted as due to many growth operations coincident or closely blending in time. Our curve shows no third marked period of acceleration at between the 3rd and 6th years. The total growth in weight of the body is the sum of the weight of its constituent organs. In some cases these keep pace with the growth of the body as a whole; great accelerations of body growth are due to great accelerations in growth of the constituent organs. In other cases one of the organs of the body (like the thymus gland) may undergo a change in weight that is not in harmony with that of the body as a whole. The development of the weight in man is the resultant of many more or less elementary growth processes. These result in two special episodes of growth and numerous smaller, blending, growth operations. Hypotheses are suggested as to the basis of the special growth accelerations.     

THE FLICKER RESPONSE CURVE FOR FUNDULUS

After Fundulus heteroclitus have been for some time in the laboratory, under conditions favorable for growth, and after habituation of the fishes to the simple routine manipulations of the observational procedure required, they are found to give reproducible values of the mean critical flash illumination (I_m) resulting in response to visual flicker. The measurements were made with equality of light time and dark time in the flash cycle, at 21.5°C. Log I_m as a function of flash frequency F has the same general form as that obtained with other fishes tested, and for vertebrates typically: the curve is a drawn-out S, with a second inflection at the low I end. In details, however, the curve is somewhat extreme. Its composite form is readily resolved into the two usual parts. Each of these expresses a contribution in which log I, as a function of F, is accurately expressed by taking F as the summation (integral) of a probability distribution of d log I, as for the flicker response contour of other animals. As critical intensity I increases, the contribution of rod elements gradually fades out; this decay also adheres to a probability integral. The rod contribution seen in the curve for Fundulus is larger, absolutely and relatively to that from the cones, than that found with a number of other vertebrates. The additive overlapping of the rod and cone effects therefore produces a comparatively extreme distortion of the resulting F-log I curve. The F-log I_m curve is shifted to lower intensities as result of previous exposure to supranormal temperatures. This effect is only very slowly reversible. The value of F _max. for each of the components of the duplex curve remains unaffected. The rod and cone segments are shifted to the same extent. The persisting increase of excitability thus fails to reveal any chemical or other differentiation of the excitability mechanism in the two groups of elements. Certain bearings of the data upon the theory of the flicker response contour are discussed, with reference to the measurements of variation of critical intensity and to the form of the F-log I curve. The quantitative properties of the data accord with the theory derived from earlier observations on other forms.     

"指示曲线"及其在恢复陆相古环境中的应用

在一定条件下,选择一些能够反映一定古环境的指示性化石类型,对其百分含量经过简单的算术运算,就可以绘制出一条能够反映一定环境变化的曲线。即指示曲线。它的优点是直接利用资料、计算方法简单,因此在制作曲线时减少了可能形成新的误差的因素。结果直观、可靠,能够比较准确地进行半定量的环境解释。它的缺点是应用范围局限,只有在满足沉积连续,化石丰富和足够的采样精度的条件下、选择出正确的指示分子,得出的结论才是可靠的。     

杨树苗期合理密度与合理密度线研究

 本文以加杨(Populus Canadensis),I—214(Populus euramericana(Dode)Guinier CV—214),中保14等杨树密度试验(1988—1991)为依据,分析了初植密度、竞争对生长的抑制作用,阐述了合理密度、合理密度范围、缓冲作用、上限合理密度线的形成过程。指出在双对数图上,上限合理密度线遵从Logistic分布(1nw=K/1+e(0.732·lnN-2.429),呈左侧伸展的S型曲线。该曲线可划分为近似于lnw一lnN直线的上中下三部分,其中间部分直线式的斜率为-1.5左右,称作合理密度直线式。对密度与生长的动态作了分析、概述与讨论。     

不同悬浮介质对激光衍射法测得的变形指数—渗透压曲线的影响

本文用PBS和PVP两种介质作为激光衍射仪的悬浮介质,系统地观测了悬浮介质物化性能不同对红细胞变形指数(DI)—渗透压曲线的影响,发现:1.在不同悬浮介质中的变形指数—渗透压曲线有显著差别,在高渗区这种差别更明显.2.同一红细胞试样,在相同高渗压下,在不同的悬浮介质中进行交叉实验表明、PBS悬浮介质能使得红细胞变形性得到恢复,而PVP悬浮介质却使得红细胞变形性显著降低.3.在高渗情况下,首次观察到红细胞变形性随时间变化,一开始DI增大,约3小时后趋于稳定,无论PBS还是PVP其趋势皆相似.     

哺乳动物存活曲线类型的分析方法探讨

动物的存活曲线通常可分为3种类型：凸型（Ⅰ型或A型）、直线型（Ⅱ型或B型）和凹型（Ⅲ型或C型）。存活率曲线与存活曲线在概念上有一定的区别。存活率要经过对数转换（或者直接采用对数标尺）后才能得到存活曲线类型,从动物的存活率曲线上直接判读存活曲线类型可能会导致错误的结论。鉴于存活曲线分析研究中出现的问题,建议在进行物种存活曲线类型的分析时,务必先进行对数转换。     

Logistic曲线参数的一个最佳估计方法

本文提出用O．628优选法和SAS/STAT软件NLIN模块中的DUD法,对Logistic曲线中的参数k,a和b可得到最佳估计。     

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE TITRATION CURVE OF CASEIN

The influence of temperature on the titration curve of casein may be accounted for by the Bjerrum theory of ionization of ampholytes.