槐果皮中的脂溶性成分

首次对槐（Sophora japonica)果皮进行了化学成分研究,从其石油醚部分分离得到了7个化合物,它们的结构经波谱和化学方法确定为：（Z）－1,1′－biindenyliden(Ⅰ),lupenone(Ⅰ),β-sitosterol(Ⅲ),p-ethoxybenzoic acid(Ⅳ),hexacosoic acid(Ⅴ),nonadecyl alcohol(Ⅵ)和eicosanol(Ⅶ),其中化合物Ⅰ为新天然产物,其它均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

苦参黄酮类成分的研究

苦参(Sphora flavescens Ait)为豆科槐属植物,根入药,具有清热、燥湿、杀虫之功效。近年来国内外对苦参的研究较为重视。我们对苦参的化学成分进行了系统的研究,从苦参总黄酮中分离出8种黄酮类化合物:高丽槐素(maackiain,1)、4-甲氧基高丽槐素(4-methoxy-maackiain,2)、三叶豆紫檀甙(trifolirhizin,3)、降脱水淫羊藿素(nor-anhydroicaritin,4)、异苦参酮(isokurarinone,5)、槐属二氢黄酮 B(sopho-raflavanone B,6)、降苦参酮(nor-kurarinone,7)和芒柄花素(formoronetin,8)。化合物1、2和6是首次从苦参中得到的。本文报道苦参黄酮类化合物的研究。     

山樱桃树胶中的黄酮类成分研究

从蔷薇科植物山樱桃的树胶中分离得到4个具有不同结构类型的黄酮类成分,经现代波谱学方法鉴定为genistein(Ⅰ),sakuranetin(Ⅱ),neosakuranin(Ⅲ)和prunetinoside(Ⅳ),所有成分均系首次从该植物中分离得到。     

短尾越橘化学成分研究

短尾越橘酒精提取物用乙酸乙酯萃取后依次经氯仿、丙酮、甲醇回流提取,用薄层层析,反复硅胶柱层析,从中分离并鉴定了八个化合物,并用波谱学方法进行了结构鉴定。它们分别为正二十七烷(n-heptaco-sane,Ⅰ),木栓酮(friedelin,Ⅱ),木栓醇(friedelinol,Ⅲ),羽扇豆醇(lupenol,Ⅳ),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,Ⅴ),胡萝卜苷(dauosterol,Ⅵ),反式对羟基桂皮酸(trans-p-hydroxy cinamic acid,Ⅶ),莽草酸甲酯(methyl shiki mate,Ⅷ)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物Ⅰ,Ⅳ,Ⅷ为首次从该属植物中得到。     

泽泻化学成分的研究

采用硅胶柱层析的方法,从四川产泽泻中分离得到三个倍半萜类成分,经理化鉴别及波谱测定,鉴定为泽泻萜醇E（orientaloa E Ⅰ）,alismoxide(Ⅲ),alismol(Ⅳ),其中化合物Ⅰ为新化合物。     

竹节参化学成分研究

从竹节参的乙醇提取物分离得到了12个化合物,通过MS和NMR等方法鉴定为:竹节参皂苷Ⅳa(1),楤木皂苷A(2),竹节参皂苷Ⅰb(3),竹节参皂苷Ⅴ(4),尿嘧啶(5),胸嘧啶(6),尿苷(7),鸟苷(8),胸苷(9),腺苷(10),肌苷(11),胞苷(12),其中5 ～ 12为首次从该植物中分离.     

鸡脚参化学成分研究

从鸡脚参[Orthosiphon wulfenioides(Dies)Hand．-Mazz]根部分离得到5种物质(Ⅰ～Ⅴ),通过波谱分析鉴定Ⅰ～Ⅳ为豆甾醇(Ⅰ)、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅱ)、6,7-去氢罗伊林酮(Ⅲ)和白桦酸(Ⅳ),Ⅴ为齐墩果酸与乌苏酸的混合物。     

葫芦茶化学成分的研究(Ⅰ)

从葫芦茶[Desmodium triquetrum(L.)DC.]中分离得到三个结晶性化合物,经化学及光谱分析鉴定为木栓酮(Ⅰ),表木栓醇(Ⅱ)、豆甾醇(Ⅲ)。上述三个成分在葫芦茶中均系首次分离得到。     

贵州苗药黑骨藤化学成分的研究

利用色谱技术从黑骨藤(Periploca forrestii Schltr)中分离得到9个化合物,通过理化性质和光谱分析,分别鉴定为:α-香树脂醇(I),α-香树脂醇乙酸酯(Ⅱ),27-羟基-α-香树脂醇(Ⅲ),β-香树脂醇(IV),β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(V),熊果酸(Ⅵ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅷ),β-胡萝卜甙(Ⅷ),大黄素(Ⅸ).化合物Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

球药隔重楼的化学成分研究(英文)

采用硅胶柱层析、大孔吸附树脂、ODS柱层析、Sephadex LH-20和RP-C18柱层析等技术中分离得到8个化合物。通过波谱学数据和已知化合物数据比较,分别鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1),β-蜕皮激素(2),Paris SaponinsⅤ(3),Paris SaponinsⅠ(4),Paris SaponinsⅡ(5),Paris SaponinsⅦ(6),Paris Saponins H(7)和Paris SaponinsⅥ(8)。化合物1～8均为首次从球药隔重楼中分离得到。     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

Comparative morphology of the carpel in the Liliaceae: Hewardieae, Petrosavieae, and Tricyrteae

The young pistils in the melanthioid tribes, Hewardieae, Petrosavieae and Tricyrteae, are uniformly tricarpellate and syncarpous. They lack raphide idioblasts. All are multiovulate, with bitegmic ovules. The Petrosavieae are marked by the presence of septal glands and incomplete syncarpy. Tepals and stamens adhere to the ovary in the Hewardieae and the Petrosavieae but not in the Tricyrteae. Two vascular bundles occur in the stamens of the Hewartlieae and Tricyrtis latifolia. Ventral bundles in the upper part of the ovary of the Hewardieae are continuous with compound septal bundles and placental bundles in the lower part. Putative ventral bundles occur in the alternate position in the Tricyrteae and putative placental bundles in the opposite. position in the Petrosavieae. The dichtomously branched stigma in each carpel of the Tricyrteae is supplied by a bifurcated dorsal bundle.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细