黄桐枝叶的化学成分研究

为研究黄桐(Endospermum chinense Benth.)的化学成分,运用柱层析等分离纯化方法从黄桐枝叶中分离得到13个化合物:pubinernoid A(1)、(E)-linalool-1-oic acid(2)、(+)-去氢催吐萝芙木醇(3)、3α-hydroxy-5,6-epoxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(4)、齐墩果酸(5)、3-羰基齐墩果酸(6)、3-oleana-9(11),12-dien-28-oic acid(7)、甘五酸(8)、altissimanin C(9)、7-羟基-β-谷甾醇(10)、丁香脂素(11)、ficusesquilignan A(12)、ficusesquilignan B(13)。其中化合物7为新天然产物,化合物1~4、8~13为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

阴地翠雀花的化学成分研究CSCD

为研究阴地翠雀花(Delphinium umbrosum Hand.-Mazz.)的化学成分,采用硅胶柱色谱从其95%乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物。通过HR-ESI-MS、1D和2D NMR等波谱技术鉴定了它们的结构,包括13个牛扁碱型C19-二萜生物碱:牛扁碱(1)、氨茴酰牛扁碱(2)、majusine A(3)、14-deacetylajadine(4)、ajacine(5)、14-deacetylnudicauline(6)、甲基牛扁碱(7)、德尔色明A和B(8)、delavaine A free acid和delavaine B free acid(9)、德拉瓦印A和B(10)、拉翠碱A和B(11)、umbrosumine C(12)、umbrosumines A和B(13),以及1个异喹啉类生物碱:S-glaucine(14)。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。测试了化合物(3~8、10~13)对脂多糖诱导小鼠RAW 264.7巨噬细胞产生NO的抑制作用,以及化合物1~14对小鼠乳腺癌4T1细胞的抗肿瘤作用,结果显示所有测试化合物均无明显抗炎及抗肿瘤活性。     

潞党参化学成分研究

采用色谱法从潞党参中分离得到22个化合物,利用波谱学方法鉴定了它们的结构,分别命名为7-ethyoxy tangshenosideⅡ(1)、tangshenosideⅡ(2)、4-hydroxycinnamyl-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3)、juniperoside(4)、2-phenylethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(5)、syringoside(6)、ethylsyringin(7)、(+)-isolariciresinol(8)、lariciresinol(9)、7R,8S-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol(10)、vitrifol A(11)、sesquimarocanol B(12)、4-hydroxycinnamate(13)、protocatechuic acid methyl ester(14)、trans-ferulic acid(15)、para-hydroxy benzoic acid(16)、cis-ferulic acid(17)、胸腺嘧啶(18)、尿嘧啶核苷(19)、尿嘧啶(20)、4-methoxybenzene-1,2-diol(21)和5-hydroxymethyl-5H-furan-2-one(22)。其中化合物1为新化合物,化合物2~5、8~12以及化合物18、19均为首次从潞党参中被分离得到。     

蝴蝶花的化学成分研究

对鸢尾科鸢尾属植物蝴蝶花全草进行化学成分和生物活性研究。通过正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20以及反相HPLC柱等等色谱方法对蝴蝶花的化学成分进行分离纯化,应用谱学技术鉴定化合物的结构。从蝴蝶花95%乙醇提取物中分离得到18个化合物,分别鉴定为:(+)-(7S,8R,7'E)-4-hydroxy-3,5'-dimethoxy-4',7-epoxy-8,3'-neolign-7'-ene-9,9'-diol 9'-ethyl ether(1)、丁香脂素(2)、erythro-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4'-coniferylether(3)、threo-guaiacylglycerol-β-O-4'-coniferylether(4)、4-O-β-d-(6-O-vanilloylglucopyranosyl)vanillic acid(5)、4-[6-O-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoyl)-β-d-glucopyranosyloxy]-3-methoxybenzoic acid(6)、藏黄连新苷B(7)、belalloside B(8)、藏黄连新苷A(9)、茶叶花宁(10)、sakuranetin(11)、鼠李柠檬素(12)、鸢尾甲黄素B(13)、染料木素(14)、5,7,4'-三羟基-6,8-二甲氧基异黄酮(15)、野鸢尾苷元(16)、8-羟基鸢尾苷元(17)、3'-O-methylorobol(18)。其中,化合物1~18均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。化合物1、2、5、6、15为首次从该属植物中分离得到。对所分离得到的化合物进行了保肝、抗炎、抗氧化等体外药理活性筛选。     

黔产毛萼香茶菜二萜成分

综合利用硅胶、凝胶、MCI等柱层析方法从毛萼香茶菜中进行分离、纯化到10个二萜化合物,结合MS、1H NMR、13C NMR和相关文献资料分别鉴定为6-乙酰基-毛萼晶B(1)、毛萼晶O(2)、12-hydroxydehydro-abietic acid(3)、Neorabdosin(4)、毛萼晶D(5)、毛萼晶E(6)、毛萼晶B(7)、毛萼晶N(8)、Coetsoidin A(9)、毛萼晶L(10)。其中化合物1为新天然产物,3为首次从该植物中分离。     

翠柏二萜类成分及其抗炎活性研究

采用正相硅胶、MCI、反相RP-18和半制备液相等色谱技术,对柏科翠柏属植物翠柏(Calocedrus macrolepis)中的二萜类成分及其抗炎活性进行了研究。结果表明:从中共分离得到8个二萜类化合物,分别鉴定为8-hydroxy-labda-13(16),14-dien-19-yl trans-coumarate(1)、trans-communal(2)、trans-communic acid(3)、pinusolidic acid(4)、isocupressic acid(5)、fokihodgin F(6)、acetylisocupressic acid(7)、15,16-dihydroxy-labda-8(17),13(E)-dien-19-oic acid(8)。化合物1~8均为首次从该植物中分离得到。化合物7对LPS诱导的RAW264.7巨噬细胞释放NO具有显著的抑制作用,其IC50值为9.31μmol·L~(-1)。     

密花樫木根化学成分及其蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制活性研究CSCD

为研究密花樫木(Dysoxylum densiflorum)根的化学成分及其蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B(PTP-1B)抑制活性。利用多种色谱方法从密花樫木根乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到23个化合物,并运用现代波谱技术鉴定其结构,分别为5(10),13 E-halimadiene-3α,15-diol(1)、(-)-agbanindiol A(2)、polylauioid H(3)、2-oxopopulifolic acid(4)、dysoxydenone C(5)、2-oxo-ent-cleroda-3,13 Z-dien-15-oic acid(6)、nakamurol B(7)、methyl(13 E)-2-oxoneocleroda-3,13-dien-15-oate(8)、15-acetoxy-ent-3,13 E-clerodadien-2-one(9)、(3α,4β,13 E)-neoclerod-13-ene-3,4,15-triol(10)、5(10),14-halimadiene-3α,13ξ-diol(11)、dysokusone A(12)、14,15-dinorclerod-3-ene-2,13-dione(13)、3,4-epoxyclerodan-13 E-en-15-oic acid(14)、dysokusone G(15)、15-acetyloxyl-3α,4β-dihydroxy-neoclerod-13 Z-ene(16)、[1α(E),2β,4aβ,8aα]-5-(decahydro-4a-hydroy-1,2,5,5-tetra-methyl-1-naphthalenyl)-3-methl-2-penten-1-ol(17)、kolavenol(18)、(13 E)-2-oxoneocleroda-3,13-dien-15-ol(19)、2β-hydroxykolavenol(20)、ent-3β,4β-epoxyclerod-13 E-en-15-ol(21)、2-oxodihydrokolavenol acetate(22)和(3α,4β,13 E)-4-ethoxyneoclerod-13-ene-3,15-diol(23)。化合物2、4、6~9、11、13、14、17~20、22~23为首次从樫木属植物中分离得到。采用体外PTP-1B抑制活性评价所得化合物的生物活性,发现化合物3、12、16、21具有抑制PTP-1B作用,其IC_(50)值分别为31.25±0.64、0.30±0.56、0.64±0.51和78.50±0.59μmol/L。     

东北雷公藤三萜成分的研究

从东北雷公藤(Tripterygium regeli)根的乙醇提取物分得10种三萜化合物,经波谱分析和化学转化,鉴定为雷公藤内酯甲(wilforlide A 1)、雷公藤内酯乙(wilfo rlide B 2)、黑蔓内酯(regelide 3)、3β-羟基-11,13(18)-齐墩果二烯(3β-hydroxy-olean-11,13(18)-diene4)、orthosphenic acid(5)、salaspermic acid(6)、3-epikatonic acid(7)、maytenfolic acid(8)、3β-acecyl-oleanolic acid(9)和南蛇藤素(celastrol 10)。化合物3—10首次从该植物分得,3是新化合物.     

脉叶罗汉松化学成分的研究

从脉叶罗汉松(Podocarpus neriifolius D.Don)的枝叶中分离到11种化合物,根据光谱数据和物理常数测定,分别鉴定为正三十四烷醇(1)、β-谷甾醇硬脂酸酯(2)、β-谷甾醇(3)、金松双黄酮(sciadopitysin,3)、罗汉松双黄酮 B(podocarpusflavone B,12)、罗波斯塔黄酮-7″-甲醚(robustaflavone-7″-methyl ether,13)罗汉松双黄酮 A(podocarpusflaveone A,14)、罗波斯塔黄酮(robustaflavone,15)、对羟基苯甲酸(p-hydroxyl-benzoic acid,16)、2″-O-鼠李糖扫帚黄甙(2″-O-rhamnosylscoparin,23)和2″-O-鼠李糖牡荆黄甙(2″-O-rhamnosylvitexin,24)。其中,化合物23和24为首次从罗汉松科分得的化合物,化合物8、13和15首次从该植物分离到。     

黔产徐长卿根茎化学成分及抗烟草花叶病毒活性

通过应用多种色谱方法从徐长卿根茎的乙醇提取物中分离得到13个单体化合物,运用现代波谱技术鉴定了结构,分别为glaucogenin A(1)、glaucogenin A 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranoside(2)、N-(N-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl)-S-phenylalaninol acetate(3)、N-(N-benzoyl-S-phenylalaninyl)-S-phenylalaninol benzoate(4)、androst-4,6-dien-3,17-dione(5)、20-hydroxy-4,6-diene-gestrol-3-one(6)、5,7-dihydroxy-6-methoxyflavone(7)、5,7-dihydroxy-8-methoxyflavone(8)、5-(hydroxymethyl)-1-isopentyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde(9)、mono-terpenes(10)、4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid(11)、pavonisol(12)、4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoic acid(13)。其中化合物2～5和7～10系首次从该植物中分离得到。离体叶圆片法和钝化活性测试表明,化合物1～4和9均有抗TMV活性,保护活性测试表明,化合物4具有抗TMV活性,且首次发现化合物3、4、9具有抗TMV活性。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.