棉铃虫核型多角体病毒朝鲜分离株的初步研究

为了充分利用棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(Helicoverpa armigera,HaSNPV)资源,为开展害虫生物防治提供依据,对首次在朝鲜分离到的棉铃虫核型多角体病毒进行了研究.本文从形态结构,结构多肽.核酸限制性内切酶图谱等方面进行了研究.多角体直径0.36-1.3 μm,平均1.02μm,病毒粒子大小为326 nm×69nm.经SDS-PAGE分析,棉铃虫核型多角体朝鲜株多角体蛋白为一条带.多角体蛋白分子量为28.7kDa.棉铃虫核型多角体朝鲜株基因组经BamH I,EcoR I,HindⅢ和Pst I消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现,与已报道的几个分离株比较类似.分子大小均为130.18kb.     

三种昆虫核型多角体病毒DNA的限制性内切酶酶解分析

在茶尺蠖、茶毛虫、斜纹夜蛾三种昆虫的四株核型多角体病毒中提取DNA,应用限制性内切酶图谱分析法研究,结果表明三种昆虫核型多角体病毒的内切酶图谱各不相同。而二株茶尺蠖核型多角体病霉的内切酶图谱是一致的。     

两株蓖麻蚕核型多角体病毒的比较研究

本文描述来源不同的两株菌麻蚕多角体病毒的形态特征和理化特性。一株为较长期饲喂马桑叶的蓖麻蚕从自然罹死的幼虫和蛹中分离的多角体病毒（简称ArscsNPV);另一株为饲喂蓖麻叶的蓖麻蚕从幼虫分离的核型多角体病毒（简称ArscsNPV);另一株为饲喂蓖麻叶的蓖麻蚕从幼虫分离的核型多角体病毒（简称ArNPV)。两株核型多角体病ArNPV多角体大小约1．2－2．0μm最大的可达2．9μm。两株NPV病毒粒子均为杆状,ArscsNPV病毒粒子大小平均为310×50nm;ArNPV病毒粒子大小为350×50nm。两株NPV均为多粒包埋型。两株NPV的多角体蛋白均为单一组分,ArscsNPV多角体蛋白分子量为27．5kd;ArNPV多角体蛋白分子量为28kd。两株NPV的病毒粒子结构多肽均含有21条多肽,其中各多肽分子量有所差异。ArscsNPV的病毒粒子多肽分子量范围为11－130kd;ArNPV病毒粒子多肽分子量范围为11－96kd,其中有11种多肽了量彼此相同包括两种主要多肽（54kd和33kd）。用SDS－苯酚提取的病毒核酸,经实验证明均为双链DNA型使用几种内切酶酶解,求得两株NPV的核酸分子量,ArscsNPV为52．4×10^6d;ArNPV为73．5×10^6d。     

蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒结构多肽及基因组酶切分析

对蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒(Parocneria orienta Nuclear polyhedrovirus,简称PaorNPV)形态结构、结构多肽、限制性内切酶图谱等特性进行了研究.采用不连续系统垂直板SDS-PAGE分析了PaorNPV的多角体蛋白、病毒粒子结构多肽.应用5种限制性内切酶对PaorNPV基因组DNA进行了酶切分析.结果表明:经热处理的多角体蛋白仅有一条带,分子量为31.5 kD,不经热处理的多角体蛋白有三条带,分子量分别为31.5 kD、29.1 kD、28.6 kD;病毒粒子包含有25种结构多肽,分子量范围在17.6-114.6 kD之间.PaorNPV DNA经BamH I.EcoR I、HindⅢ、Pst I和Xho I酶切分别产生9、12、12、12和14条片段.基因组大小平均为124.6 kb.     

蜀柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒结构多肽及基因组酶切分析

对蜀伯毒蛾核型多角体病毒（Ｐａｒｏｃｎｅｒｉａ ｏｒｉｅｎｔａ Ｎｕｃｌｅａｒ ｐｏｌｙｈｅｄｒｏｖｉｒｕｓ,简称ＰａｏｒＮＰＶ）形态结构、结构多肽、限制内切酶图谱等特性进行了研究。采用不连续系统垂直板ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析了ＰａｏｒＮＰＶ的多角体蛋白、病毒粒子结构多肽。应用５种限制性内切酶对ＰａｏｒＮＰＶ基因组ＤＮＡ进行了酶切分析。结果表明：经热处理的多角体蛋白仅有一条带,分子量为３１．５ｋＤ,不     

中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒VHA273原毒株及其克隆株的比较研究

本文从形态结构、生物活性、核酸限制性内切酶图谱、结构多肽等方面对中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(HaNPV)VHA273多粒包埋型原毒株及其单粒包埋型克隆株H9进行了比较研究.它们对中国棉铃虫三龄初幼虫的LC5o值分别为2.987×104PIBs/mL和1.647×104PIBs/mL当感染剂量为2×107PIBs/mL时,其LT5o值分别是4.866d和4.797d.两个毒株的生物活性差别不大.经SDS-PAGE分析,两毒株结构多肽图谱带型相差较大.两毒株基因组经EcoR Ⅰ,BamH Ⅰ,Hind Ⅲ和Xba Ⅰ消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现为两毒株间有差别.这些差异的发现将有助于从分子水平揭示多粒包埋病毒和单粒包埋病毒形成原因.     

中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒VHA_(273)原毒株及其克隆株的比较研究

本文从形态结构、生物活性、核酸限制性内切酶图谱、结构多肽等方面对中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(HaNPV)VHA273多粒包埋型原毒株及其单粒包埋型克隆株H9进行了比较研究.它们对中国棉铃虫三龄初幼虫的LC5o值分别为2.987×104PIBs/mL和1.647×104PIBs/mL当感染剂量为2×107PIBs/mL时,其LT5o值分别是4.866d和4.797d.两个毒株的生物活性差别不大.经SDS-PAGE分析,两毒株结构多肽图谱带型相差较大.两毒株基因组经EcoR Ⅰ,BamH Ⅰ,Hind Ⅲ和Xba Ⅰ消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现为两毒株间有差别.这些差异的发现将有助于从分子水平揭示多粒包埋病毒和单粒包埋病毒形成原因.     

中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒VHA273原毒株及其克隆株的比较研究

本文从形态结构、生物活性、核酸限制性内切酶图谱、结构多肽等方面对中国棉铃虫核型多角体病毒(HaNPV)VHA_(273)多粒包埋型原毒株及其单粒包埋型克隆株H_9进行了比较研究。它们对中国棉铃虫三龄初幼虫的LC_(50)值分别为2.987×10~4 PIBs/mL和1.647×10~4 PIBs/mL;当感染剂量为2×10~7 PIBs/mL时,其LT_(50)值分别是4.866d和4.797d。两个毒株的生物活性差别不大。经SDS-PAGE分析,两毒株结构多肽图谱带型相差较大。两毒株基因组经EcoR Ⅰ,BamH Ⅰ,Hind Ⅲ和Xba Ⅰ消化后,得到的内切酶图谱表现为两毒株间有差别。这些差异的发现将有助于从分子水平揭示多粒包埋病毒和单粒包埋病毒形成原因。     

薄荷伪造桥虫NPV感染斜纹夜蛾幼虫分离的一种新NPV特性的研究

用薄荷伪造桥虫核型多角体病毒(Argroyamma agnata NPV)(以下简称Aa NPV)在室内感染斜纹夜蛾(Prodenia litura)幼虫,从死虫体内分离到一种NPV。经电镜观察,多角体蛋白分析、病毒核酸的限制性内切酶酶解分析等研究,证明此多角体直径为1.5—2.6/μm,病毒粒子为杆状,其大小为100—150×420nm,病毒粒子为多粒包埋型。提纯的多角体蛋白只有一种多肽,分子量为33,500d,提纯的病毒粒子的结构多肽至少有15种,其分子量范围为15,600     

异源多角体蛋白对家蚕核型多角体病毒粒子的包装

利用PCR方法从AcMNPV基因组DNA中分离出多角体蛋白基因 ,将该扩增片段克隆到转移载体pBacPAK8中 ,得到重组转移载体pOAc。将该质粒DNA与线性化的Bm BacPAK6病毒基因组DNA共传染BmN细胞 ,得到了能形成多角体且不产生蓝色空斑的重组病毒hp BmNPV。纯化该重组病毒的多角体颗粒 ,并对多角体蛋白、病毒核酸及多角体病毒颗粒进行分析 ,发现AcMNPV的多角体蛋白能在家蚕细胞中大量表达且能在细胞内识别家蚕核型多角体病毒并组装成多角体颗粒 ;病毒基因组DNA因部分交换 ,其酶切行为发生了相应的变化 ;电镜观察发现经AcMNPV多角体蛋白包装的家蚕核型多角体病毒的多角体颗粒大小为1 2 μm～ 2 9μm ,明显小于野生型家蚕核型多角体病毒的多角体颗粒     

六种藓类植物茎的比较解剖学研究

通过对6种藓类植物,即褶叶青藓(Brachythecium salebrosum(Web.et Mohr.)B.S.G.)、湿地匐灯藓(Plagiomnium acutum(Lindb.)Kop.)、侧枝匐灯藓(Plagiomnium maximoviczii(Lindb.)Kop.)、大凤尾藓(Fissidensnobilis Griff.)、大羽藓(Thuidium cymbifolium(Doz.et Molk.)B.S.G.)和大灰藓(Hypnum plumaeforme Wils.)嫩茎和老茎的石蜡切片和显微观察发现,同一藓类植株的嫩茎和老茎,茎结构稳定,不同种藓类植物茎横切面具有不同特征.植物体茎横切面形状、表层细胞的层数、细胞大小和细胞壁厚薄、皮层细胞大小和形状、中轴的有无以及比例等特征可以作为藓类植物的分科分类依据之一.     

Cause of Senescence of Nine Sorts of Flowers

The levels of endogenous phytohormones and respiratory rate in nine sorts of flowers such as Cymbidium faberi Rolfe, Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth and others were investigated both at full bloom and senescence and meanwhile the effect of exogenous phytohormones on prolonging the blossoms and promoting ethylene production were tested. There is a high content of endogenous ethylene in all the long-lived flowere, about 3–16 folds higer than the short-lived ones. There is a high level of ABA at full blooming flowers of short-lived flowers, in which there is no or only some cytokinins in it, but the ratio of CTK (6BA+zeatin)/ABA is smaller(l.7). The endogenous ABA reached a much higher level at senescence in all nine sorts of flowers, so it is reasonable to consider that it is ABA which plays an important role of regulation in controlling flower's senescence. There is a much higher level of GA3 and zeatin in the long-lived flowers which is not demonstrated in the shortlived ones. The respiratory rate is one of the factors controtling the longevity of flowers, but it does not play a decided role. Application of 6BA and zeatin prolongs distinctly orchid’s longevity, however exogenous IAA through the promotive action on ethylene production, evidently extends the longevity of the flowers of the Nopalxochia ackermannii Kunth.     

龙胆科药用植物化学成分的研究现状

龙胆科植物在我国的分布范围很广,且多数为药用植物,其多数种属的药用植物,至今其化学成分尚未被系统研究。综述了目前龙胆科药用植物的化学成分的研究现状及一般提取方法,对近年来发现的环烯醚萜及裂环烯醚萜类化合物进行了总结,为本科药用植物的更深入研究提供了参考。     

The effects of glutamine of the maintenance of embryogenic cultures of Cryptomeria japonica

Summary Embryogenic tissues of sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) were induced on a modified Campbell and Durzan (CD) medium containing 1 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 600 mg l⁻¹ glutamine, and subcultured in the medium of the same composition for over 1 yr. This resulted in a mixed culture of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells. When embryogenic cells were isolated and cultured independently, their capacity to form embryogenic aggregates was lost. Thus, the non-embryogenic cells present within a mixed culture system were essential to the formation of embryogenic aggregates. When embryogenic tissues were isolated and cultured independently on a high glutamine-containing (2400 mg l⁻¹) medium, dry weights and endogenous levels of glutamine increased, and the tissue could generate a large number of embryogenic aggregates. Amino acid analysis of embryogenic and non-embryogenic cells from the maintenance culture indicated a higher level of glutamine was present in the latter. The high endogenous level of glutamine in the non-embryogenic portion of mixed cell masses may be the supplier of glutamine for maintaining the embryogenic property of the tissues.     

Specificity of action of piperidylcholine derivatives as substrates of cholinesterases of various origin

The review deals with study of enzymologic properties of a novel highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate, N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium iodomethylate (“piperidylcholine”), and its 30 derivatives that were tested as effectors of cholinesterases of mammals and various species of Pacific squids. It was proven for the first time that responsible for specificity of action was structure of cyclic ammonium grouping of the alcohol part of molecule of the ester substrate. Analysis of specificity is performed based on enzymatic hydrolysis parameters—activity of catalytic center of cholinesterases and bimolecular constant of the reaction rate that are determined at optimal and low substrate concentrations. Among the specially synthesized group of thioester compounds there is revealed one more highly specific acetylcholinesterase substrate—N-(β-acetoxyethyl) piperidinium.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

医疗机构合理用药评价模型的构建研究

目的 针对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行评价研究。方法 根据医疗机构合理用药的具体要求,构建医疗机构合理用药评价指标体系,采用基于模糊群决策的方法和多指标评价分析法构建医疗机构合理用药评价模型。结果 构建了基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型,并通过实例分析证明了评价模型的可行性。结论 建立的基于模糊群决策的医疗机构合理用药评价模型能够对医疗机构的合理用药水平进行科学评价,为提高医疗机构合理用药水平奠定基础。     

Photoregulation of seed germination of wild-type and of an aurea-mutant of tomato

Seed germination of an aurea mutant of tomato ( Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) is promoted by continuous irradiation with red, far-red or long-wavelength far-red (758 nm) light as well as by cyclic irradiations (5 min red or 5 min far-red/25 min darkness). Far-red light applied immediately after each red does not change the germination behaviour. Seed germination of the isogenic wild-type, cv. UC-105, is promoted by continuous and cyclic red light while it is inhibited by continuous and cyclic far-red light and by continious 758 nm irradiation. Far-red irradiation reverses almost completely the promoting effect of red light. The promoting effect (in the aurea mutant) and the inhibitory effect (in the wild-type) of continuous far-red light do not show photon fluence rate dependency above 20 nmol m⁻² s⁻¹. It is concluded that phytochrome controls tomato seed germination throgh low energy responses in both the wild type and the au mutant. The promoting effect of continuous and cyclic far-red light in the au mutant can be attributed to a greater sensitivity to P_fr.