两种方法诊断女性需氧菌阴道炎的对比分析

摘要：目的 对比分析两种方法诊断女性需氧菌阴道炎的效果。方法 使用Donders湿片高倍镜检法、Tempera临床和微生物诊断法对2014年5月至2015年4月妇科门诊8 326例就诊患者需氧菌感染情况进行对比分析。结果 在8 326例就诊患者中,采用Donders湿片高倍镜检法检出需氧菌阴道炎患者1 819例,检出率为21.8%;采用Tempera临床和微生物诊断法检出需氧菌阴道炎患者1 825例,检出率为21.9%。通过SPSS13.0统计学分析,两种方法在需氧菌阴道炎检出率方面不存在显著差异（χ2=20.4,P>0.05）。结论 这两种方法诊断需氧菌阴道炎具有很好的一致性,医院可根据自身实际情况选择其中一种。南宁地区女性需氧菌阴道炎检出率仅次于细菌性阴道病,针对需氧菌阴道炎应采取科学有效的治疗方案,提升需氧菌阴道炎治疗效率。     

634例疑似需氧菌阴道炎患者阴道分泌物检测分析

目的 探讨预成酶分析技术诊断需氧菌阴道炎的临床价值.方法 分别采用预成酶分析法和Donders湿片镜检法对634例疑似AV患者阴道分泌物进行筛查.结果 预成酶分析法检出阳性患者569例,Donders湿片镜检法检出阳性患者571例,两种方法的符合率为97.48％,二者呈高度一致性(Kappa=0.834,P＞0.05).结论 预成酶分析法对需氧菌阴道炎的诊断具有很高的灵敏度和特异度,且该方法操作方便、反应快速,适宜基层医疗机构、社区医院推广使用.     

厌氧菌和需氧菌性阴道混合感染发病调查

目的对妇女厌氧菌和需氧菌性阴道混合感染发病进行调查分析。方法分别采用Donders高倍镜湿片镜检法和细菌预成酶快速检测法对257例患者进行联合检测。结果257例患者中共检出单纯的需氧菌性阴道感染患者52例,占总人数的20．2％,检出单纯的厌氧菌阴道感染患者125例,占总人数的48．6％,检出厌氧菌和需氧菌性阴道混合感染患者67例,占总人数的26．1％,检出其他感染患者13例,占总人数的5％,经统计学分析,患者的厌氧菌和需氧菌性阴道混合感染的检出率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论厌氧菌和需氧菌性阴道混合感染,可以给临床医生应采取合理有效的措施进行及时治疗,防止阴道上行感染的发生。     

育龄妇女妊娠期需氧菌性阴道感染发病调查

目的 调查分析育龄妇女妊娠期需氧菌性阴道感染的发病率.方法 采用Donders高倍镜湿片镜检法联合细菌预成酶快速检测法对长兴县妇幼保健医院产前门诊常规孕检的育龄孕妇的阴道分泌物进行检查.结果 201例育龄孕妇中,共检出需氧菌性阴道感染患者36例,占总人数的17.9％.其中,孕早期、孕中期及孕晚期孕妇需氧菌增殖例数分别为5(占7.2％,5/69)、4(占7.4％,4/54)及6(占7.7％,6/78);孕早期、孕中期及孕晚期孕妇需氧菌阴道炎例数分别为7(占10.1％,7/69)、6(占11.1％,6/54)及8(占10.3％,8/78).结论 在妊娠早、中及晚期均会出现需氧菌性阴道感染,临床医生应采取合理有效的措施进行及时治疗,防止阴道上行感染的发生.     

需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病联合测定技术诊断需氧菌性阴道炎的临床价值

目的探讨需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病联合测定技术诊断需氧菌性阴道炎（AV）的临床价值。方法分别采用镜检法和需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病联合测定技术对200例疑似AV患者进行检测。结果在200例疑似AV患者中,镜检法检出阳性患者174例,需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病联合测定法检出阳性患者169例。以镜检法为诊断标准,需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病联合测定技术的敏感性为94．83％、特异性为84．62％。两种方法的符合率为93．50％[（165＋22）／200],两者呈中度一致性（Kappa=0．735,P〉0．05）。结论需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病联合测定技术诊断AV具有很高的敏感度和特异度,与目前临床使用的常规镜检法符合率高,且该方法操作简便、快速,值得临床推广使用。     

生化快速检测技术诊断需氧菌阴道炎的临床评价

目的 探讨生化快速检测法在诊断需氧菌阴道炎中的临床价值.方法 分别使用镜检法和生化快速检测法对320例疑似需氧菌阴道炎患者的阴道分泌物进行检查.结果 在320例就诊者中,生化快速检测法检出阳性患者286例,镜检法检出阳性患者283例.两种方法的符合率为96.56％[ (279+ 30)/320],二者呈高度一致性( Kappa=0.823,P＜0.05).以镜检法为诊断标准,生化快速检测法的敏感度为98.59％( 279/283)、特异度为81.08％(30/37)、阳性预测值为97.55％(279/286)、阴性预测值为88.24％(30/34).结论 生化快速检测法对需氧菌阴道炎的诊断具有较高的敏感度和特异度,值得临床推广使用.     

基层医疗机构对滴虫性、真菌性阴道炎最适检验方案的临床观察

目的通过不同的检测手段检测基层医院患者的阴道分泌物,了解滴虫性、真菌性阴道炎的检出率,从而探索基层医院最适的检验方案。方法采用回顾性分析,调取本基层医疗机构2010年1月至2013年12月在本院妇科门诊部就诊的900例女性患者,采取两种常用的阴道分泌物检测方法,即涂片镜检法（湿片法）和阴道分泌物p H值测定＋抗原检测（抗原法）,探索其滴虫性阴道炎和真菌性阴道炎的检出率。结果采用湿片法检测出滴虫性阴道炎阳性共144例,占总例数的16.00%;真菌性阴道炎阳性共207例,占总例数的23.00%;采用抗原法检测出滴虫性阴道炎阳性共179例,占总例数的19.89%;真菌性阴道炎阳性共253例,占总例数的28.11%。结论抗原法较湿片法敏感性和特异性好,结果客观易判读,两种方法差异有统计学意义,后者可作为基层医疗机构首选的阴道分泌物检测手段。     

两种不同方法对阴道感染的评价

目的探讨需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病五项联合测定试剂对阴道感染的临床应用价值。方法将380例就诊女性采用需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病五项联合测定试剂方法,同时采刖自带常规镜检＋PH值方法进行检测。结果380例阴道分泌物标本经五项联合测定试剂方法检出阴道微生态失衡345例（其中包括AV、BV、CV、VVT等感染）,阳性率为90．79％;采用白带常规镜检＋pH值方法检出阴道微生态失衡328例（其中包括AV、BV、CV、VVT等感染）,阳性率为86．32％,两种检查方法结果差异明显。结论需氧菌阴道炎／细菌性阴道病五项联合测定试剂法准确,快速,高效,能及时评价阴道微生态状况,提高临床合理用药程度,值得临床推广应用。     

杭州市萧山区女性需氧菌阴道炎流行病学调查

目的 对杭州市萧山区女性需氧菌阴道炎(AV)进行流行病学调查与分析.方法 采用回顾性分析方法对2012年2月至2012年4月期间杭州市萧山区第四人民医院妇科就诊的1 343名女性需氧菌阴道炎感染情况进行研究.结果 1 343例就诊者中,需氧菌阴道炎患者269例,占20.03％(269/1343).其中,单纯AV患者41例(占15.24％,41/269),AV混合感染患者228例(占84.76％,228/269),AV+ BV患者107例,AV+ TV患者53例,AV+ VVC患者68例.经卡方检验,AV单纯感染和AV混合感染所占的比率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 杭州市萧山区女性需氧菌阴道炎发病率为20.03％,感染形式以混合感染为主.     

500例疑似需氧菌性阴道炎患者阴道分泌物镜检和生化检测结果对比分析

目的探讨需氧菌性阴道炎（AV）生化检测法的临床应用价值。方法使用镜检和生化检测对500例疑似AV患者阴道分泌物进行检查,对检测结果进行对比分析。结果在500例疑似AV患者中,镜检法检出阳性患者409例,生化检测法共检出阳性患者414例。两种方法的诊断符合率为96.60%,二者呈中度一致性（Kappa=0.783,P〈0.05）。以镜检法为标准,生化检测法的敏感度为98.53%、特异性为87.91%。结论生化检测法对AV诊断具有很高的敏感度和特异度,且与镜检法符合率高,值得临床推广使用。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.