湖北麻鸭乙型肝炎病毒全基因组的克隆和序列分析

为了解湖北地区This finding was also Confirmed by the phylogenetic tree analysis.麻鸭中鸭乙型肝炎病毒(Duck hepatitis B virus,DHBV)自然感染状况以及湖北麻鸭所携带DHBV的基因结构特征,采集了70份成年麻鸭血清并应用PCR技术检测DHBV DNA,对其中一份DHBV DNA阳性血清进行DHBV全基因扩增,并进行克隆与序列测定分析.结果表明,湖北麻鸭DHBV自然携带率为10%;湖北DHBV分离株(GenBank登录号DQ276978)基因组的全长为3024bp,有编码P,S和C蛋白的三个开放阅读框;与GenBank中17株DHBV基因组比较,核苷酸同源性介于89.85%～93.29%之间;S蛋白、C蛋白和P蛋白结构功能区序列均高度保守;而对P蛋白标志性氨基酸和全基因进化树的分析表明,该分离株属于DHBV中国基因型中的一个亚型.     

广东麻鸭DHBV全基因克隆及新读码框的发现

选取3份DHBV阳性广东麻鸭血清提取DHBVDNA,设计一对扩增DHBV全基因序列引物Q1和Q2,扩增并克隆DHBV全基因序列,测序并运用相关计算机软件及方法分析获得的全基因序列。结果表明,广东麻鸭DH-BV全长为3027bp。提交GenBank后获得的收录号分别为:AY433937、AY521226、AY521227(来自1号血清);AY392760、AY536371(分别来自2、3号血清)。AY521227的PreS/SORF出现了单碱基突变,在PreC/CORF之前发现一个新的ORF,暂命名为HORF,HORF也同时存在于GenBank中储存的另外8个DHBV全基因序列中。系统发育分析表明,广东麻鸭DHBV在分化程度上是目前储存于GenBank中的DHBV全序列中最高的。成功克隆了广东麻鸭DHBV全基因序列,序列分析为进一步研究广东麻鸭DHBV提供了有益的信息。     

桂林地区麻鸭DHBV基因全长克隆和序列分析以及DHBV定量检测方法的建立

携带鸭乙肝病毒(DHBV)麻鸭作为乙肝动物模型被广泛应用于抗HBV药物活性和毒性研究,广西桂林地区麻鸭具有较高的DHBV携带率,但其DHBV基因组结构特点尚未见报道。本研究克隆了桂林麻鸭DHBV基因组,其序列全长3 027bp,ORF finder分析发现桂林麻鸭DHBV除具有S、P、C开放阅读框架外,还有一编码未知多肽的开放阅读框架,Vector NTI 8.0分析显示该多肽具有与HLA*0201结合的模体结构。比对不同国家及地区DHBV序列,并以Mega5.0生成进化树提示DHBV序列差异无明显的地域分布特点。以所构建的DHBV S基因重组质粒pGEM-DHBV-S为标准品,建立了荧光定量PCR检测DHBV方法。本研究结果为应用桂林麻鸭作为乙肝动物模型奠定了实验基础。     

广东麻鸭DHBV全基因克隆及新读码框的发现

选取3份DHBV阳性广东麻鸭血清提取DHBV DNA,设计一对扩增DHBV全基因序列引物Q1和Q2,扩增并克隆DHBV全基因序列,测序并运用相关计算机软件及方法分析获得的全基因序列.结果表明,广东麻鸭DH-BV全长为3027bp.提交GenBank后获得的收录号分别为AY433937、AY521226、AY521227(来自1号血清);AY392760、AY536371(分别来自2、3号血清).AY521227的PreS/S ORF出现了单碱基突变,在PreC/CORF之前发现一个新的ORF,暂命名为HORF,HORF也同时存在于GenBank中储存的另外8个DHBV全基因序列中.系统发育分析表明,广东麻鸭DHBV在分化程度上是目前储存于GenBank中的DHBV全序列中最高的.成功克隆了广东麻鸭DHBV全基因序列,序列分析为进一步研究广东麻鸭DHBV提供了有益的信息.     

中国安徽庐江鸭乙型肝炎病毒全基因组克隆酶谱分析和部分病毒基因正负单链探针的构建

用鸭乙型肝炎病毒(DHBV)阳性的安徽庐江鸭血清感染DHBV阴性的北京雏鸭,扩增病毒,将提取的DHBV-DNA插入pUC18质粒,转化E.coli JM 105。酶切重组质粒及South-ern转膜杂交结果证实,质粒pLJ76的插入片段为DHBV全基因组。用EcoR Ⅰ等11种限制性内切酶对pLJ76进行酶谱分析,并与美国,西德的已知DHBV基因组比较。定向克隆该株病毒不同基因编码区片段,构建正负单链探针,将斑点杂交和单链电泳检出的M13阳性重组子与已知序列的DHBV基因组作比较,提示获得了该株病毒基因组的S、Pre-S、P和X/C等蛋白编码区的正、负单链克隆株。     

柯萨奇病毒A组16型河南省分离株基因组序列分析

为了解河南省手足口病患者标本中分离柯萨奇A组的16型(CoxAl6)病毒基因组特征,对2010年采集的手足口病患者临床标本406份进行RT-PCR扩增和病毒分离鉴定;通过10对引物分段扩增和拼接CoxAl6分离株基因组序列,利用生物信息学软件对序列分析,构建序列遗传发育树。测序获得河南省CoxAl6分离株HN1162/HN/CHN/2010基因组全长序列7 411bp,5′非编码区(5′UTR)、P1、P2、P3、3′非编码区(3′UTR)区域核苷酸序列与GenBank公布的其它分离株相似性分别为87.0%～97.9%、77.0%～95.4%、80.3%～96.9%、77.9%～96.2%、80.5%～100%;VP1区核苷酸相似性为91.4%～96.4%,氨基酸相似性为99.3%～99.7%;遗传发育树分析表明与我国深圳、广州、福建分离株处于同一分支。河南省手足口病患者标本CoxAl6病毒分离株属于C2基因亚型/B-2基因亚型,对加强该病毒变异检测,预防控制手足口病疫情具有重要意义。     

中国6株狂犬病病毒街毒株全基因组测序与分析

实验研究中对分离于中国的6株狂犬病病毒街毒株进行了全基因组测序,对基因组的5个结构基因(N、P、M、G和L)的核苷酸和推断的氨基酸序列以及非编码区序列进行了分析与比较,并与来自GenBank的40株毒株从全基因组水平进行了分子进化分析。所测6株中国狂犬病病毒街毒株的全基因组核苷酸序列长度介于11 907 nt(CQ92)和11 924 nt(SH06和gg4)之间,基因组结构相同,用全基因组和不同的结构基因构建的进化树拓扑结构相似,基因组3′和5′末端高度保守而且末端11个核苷酸互补配对,5个结构基因的保守性依次是NLMGP,核苷酸同源性的最小值依次分别是81.9%、81.7%、80.7%、78.3%和76.7%。     

云南省登革3型病毒全基因组序列特征研究

为阐明云南省2013年和2016年登革3型病毒(DENV-3)流行株的全基因组分子进化特征及流行病学特点。采用C6/36细胞培养法从登革热患者血清中分离病毒,用RT-PCR法扩增新分离DENV-3的全基因组序列,采用ClastalX1.83和MEGA6等生物信息学软件进行核苷酸和氨基酸同源性及系统进化分析。结果从云南省本地登革热患者血清中分离到10株DENV-3,其中西双版纳州2013年5株(简称版纳分离株),德宏州瑞丽市2016年5株(简称瑞丽分离株)。经RT-PCR和序列测定,获得这10株DENV-3的全基因组序列(10 707nt),其开放读码框(95~10 265)编码3 389个氨基酸。基于全基因组或各种结构蛋白和非结构蛋白基因的系统进化分析表明,版纳分离株均为基因II型(genotype-II),瑞丽分离株均为基因I型(genotype-I),并各自高度聚集为同一进化群并与东南亚流行株具有较近亲缘关系。版纳分离株间和瑞丽分离株间的全基因组核苷酸(氨基酸)同源性分别为99.75%~99.91%(99.40%~99.91%)和99.21%~99.68%(98.78%~99.57%),并与DENV-3原型株(H87)的核苷酸(氨基酸)同源性分别为94.21%~94.34%(97.88%~98.14%)和93.81%~93.98%(97.12%~97.67%)。与H87株比较,本次云南分离株结构蛋白和非结构蛋白分别存在26和63个氨基酸位点的改变。本研究证实,云南省西双版纳州2013年流行的DENV-3为基因II型,瑞丽市2016年流行的DENV-3为基因I型,它们的传播来源分别为老挝和缅甸北部边境地区。本次云南DENV-3分离株与H87株间存在明显差异,但决定病毒抗原性和毒力的关键位点未见明显变化。     

中国分离巴泰病毒基因组全编码区序列测定和分析

采用RT-PCR和TAIL-PCR方法,首次对我国分离的巴泰病毒(YN92-4株)基因组的全编码区进行序列测定和分析。结果显示,YN92-4株病毒基因组由S、M、L三个片段组成,长度分别为947、4 371、6 860个核苷酸。其中,S片段基因编码由234个氨基酸残基组成的核衣壳蛋白和由102个氨基酸残基组成的非结构蛋白,M片段基因编码由1 435个氨基酸残基组成的前体蛋白,L片段基因编码由2 239个氨基酸残基组成的RNA聚合酶。与国外其它地区的巴泰病毒分离株进行基因组全编码区序列比较后发现,YN92-4株与日本牛血清分离株(ON-7/B/01株)在S、M片段核苷酸(氨基酸)的同源性最高,分别为97.7%(100%)和95.7%(98%);由于本研究首次开展对巴泰病毒L基因片段核苷酸序列的研究,因此国际基因库尚无可参考的序列信息,本研究比较了我国分离的巴泰病毒与同一血清组的代表病毒Bunyamwera病毒L片段的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性,分别为73.5%和81.6%。系统进化分析显示,YN92-4株基因组与其它巴泰病毒分离株在各自分支下形成独立分支。本研究提示我国分离的巴泰病毒YN92-4株未发生基因重配(...     

鸭乙型肝炎病毒基因组结构及其编码蛋白的研究进展

鸭乙型肝炎病毒(DHBV)属于禽嗜肝病毒属、嗜肝DNA病毒科病毒,与人乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)具有相同的复制方式及相似的基因结构、抗原结构。DHBV基因组是闭合环状不完全双链DNA,3个主要ORF-PreS/S、ORF-PreC/C、ORF-P位于负链,编码L蛋白、S蛋白、C蛋白和P蛋白。本文通过对DHBV基因组结构特征及其编码病毒重要蛋白的基本特性、结构特点与功能进行全面阐释,旨在对DHBV的深入研究提供重要参考和以DHBV人工感染建立的动物模型研究HBV提供重要理论依据。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.