64DP与人染色质的结合反应及细胞核内64DP的检测

现有结果表明64 DP(DNA结合蛋白)可能是一种急性期反应蛋白质。正常人每百毫升血清中含有约50mg的64 DP。目前,关于64 DP的生物学功能国内外尚无研究和报道。这方面的研究对阐明肿瘤及其它病理条件下血清64 DP含量增高的机制和意义有可能提供线索。 已知64 DP在体外具有和DNA结合的特性.它在体内的生理作用是否也和DNA有关呢?本实验首先分离纯化了人肝细胞染色质,用同位素标记的64 DP与染色质进行的结合实验及结合抑制实验表明64 DP能特异地与人染色质结合。进一步用~(125)I标记的兔抗64 DP抗体对人染色质作了固相放射免疫测定,结果定性地显示出染色质内可能含有64 DP。用兔抗64 DP抗体作为第一抗体,利用PAP免疫组织化学染色研究了16例正常肝组织切片,发现大多数切片(80％)中部分肝细胞核内有明显64DP显色颗粒。以上诸实验结果均提示细胞核内有64 DP存在,表明64 DP的生物学功能可能与它的DNA结合特性有关。     

一种具有抑制糜蛋白酶活性的血清DNA结合蛋白质的纯化和理化特性

 本文采用离子交换层析,DNA亲和层析和硫酸铵盐析三步从人血清中分离纯化了一种肿瘤相关DNA结合蛋白质(64DP)。本方法较简便,产率提高。经SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和免疫电泳鉴定纯度符合要求。SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定分子量为64,000。等电聚焦电泳测得等电点在4.2左右。醋酸纤维膜电泳和转移电泳表明其为一种α_1球蛋白。过碘酸西夫氏糖蛋白染色呈阳性反应。氨基酸分析和酶抑制试验证实64DP与α_1抗縻蛋白酶很相似。     

《癌症患者血清DNA结合蛋白质总量的改变》

<正> 血清中有一小部分蛋白质在体外能与DNA结合,被称为血清DNA结合蛋白质(以下简称DBP),其组成与生物学意义目前尚未完至明了。1975年Hoch等人报道肿瘤患者有一种血清DBP的含量增高,引起人们注意。此后就血清DBP与肿瘤的关系作了进一步探讨,发现若干种血清DBP的水平在肿瘤中有变化。其表现虽不一致,但似乎与肿瘤的类别无明显关系。这种现象在本实验室对患癌小鼠的血清DBP的研究中也得到了证实。 关于肿瘤患者血清DBP总量的变化,目前尚未见到报道。本文报道了恶性肿瘤患者和正常人血清DBP总量的测定及其比较。     

酶联免疫吸附试验定量检测血清肝素酶方法的建立及应用

目的：建立一种简便、微创的血清肝素酶酶联免疫吸附（ELISA）定量检测方法,并对肿瘤患者和正常人血清肝素酶进行比较,初步探讨血清肝素酶水平与肿瘤发生、发展的关系。方法：选择鼠抗人肝素酶单克隆抗体和兔抗人肝素酶多克隆抗体,建立双抗夹心ELISA检测方法,并利用此方法检测健康献血者和肿瘤患者血清中的肝素酶水平。结果：组内数据稳定,可重复;肿瘤患者血清中肝素酶D450nm值高于健康献血者。结论：所建立的血清肝素酶ELISA检测方法灵敏、高效,可用于肿瘤的辅助诊断。     

酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)诊断肺肿瘤方法的建立

目的:早期确诊并得到及时治疗是有效防止肺肿瘤恶化的有效途径,本文旨在探讨建立ELISA的鉴定标准,以便早期筛选肺肿瘤特异蛋白质,有助于对该病的早期诊断.方法:实验主要以酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)试验为基础,以期获得诊断肺肿瘤的ELISA方法.以CA-125作为抗原,按照常规ELISA方法进行实验,确定抗原包被浓度、一抗稀释度及一抗最佳作用时间,达到优化ELISA检测肺肿瘤条件.结果:初步建立了ELISA方法检测肺肿瘤的条件,同时确定了抗原的最佳包被浓度为5μg/mL,血清一抗的最佳稀释比为1∶800,最佳作用时间为1.5 h.结论:ELISA检测肺肿瘤方法的建立,为临床中早期检测肿瘤的发生提供了数据支持,为进一步研究与优化肺肿瘤的检测方法奠定基础.     

安徽北部地区恶性肿瘤人群卡波氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒血清学分析

卡波氏肉瘤相关疱疹病毒是一种新发现的γ疱疹病毒(Kaposi'ssarcoma-associated herpesvirus,KSHV).在中国新疆,KSHV感染率比较高,KSHV在免疫缺陷患者和静脉吸毒者中感染率也比在普通人群中高.为了进一步研究KSHV在安徽北部地区恶性肿瘤人群中的感染率和高风险因素,初步探讨KSHV与肿瘤的发生之间相关性,研究KSHV的高发人群特点,本研究选用KSHV病毒重组蛋白ORF65、ORF 73和K8.1为抗原,利用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)对500份恶性肿瘤患者血清样本及200份健康体检人群血清样本进行KSHV抗体检测,分析KSHV的感染率及危险因素.结果显示500例肿瘤患者KSHV阳性总数170例,总阳性率为34％,200份健康人群KSHV阳性总数22例,总阳性率为11％,肿瘤人群KSHV阳性率明显高于健康人群(P＜0.001).其中肺癌、肝癌、结肠癌、宫颈癌、乳腺癌样本KSHV阳性率分别为36.4％,34.1％,41.7％,28.6％,30.3％,此5组肿瘤组KSHV阳性率也分别高于健康人群,都具有统计学意义(P＜0.001).但5组肿瘤样本之间KS-HV阳性率无明显差异(P＞0.05),且各组肿瘤样本分别与性别、乙肝五项、丙肝之间无统计学意义(P＞0.05).本研究结果提示安徽北部地区恶性肿瘤患者KSHV抗体阳性率显著高于中国普通人群总体KSHV抗体阳性率,证明KSHV在恶性肿瘤人群中呈现较高比例的分布.     

应用基因重组Epstein-Barr病毒早期抗原P83蛋白检测鼻咽癌患者血清中的IgA/EA抗体

将pUCB质粒表达的P83蛋白应用于免疫印迹法(IB)和ELISA中,检测了85例鼻咽癌(NPC)患者和100例健康人血清,同时与免疫酶法(IE)作比较。结果表明,免疫印迹法对NPC患者血清阳性检出率为94％;ELISA法阳性检出率为88％;而IE法阳性率为64％。三种方法检测健康人血清出现低水平IgA/EA抗体的阳性率分别为4％、3％及2％。用IE法检测IgA/EA抗体为阴性的NPC患者血清,用IB法检测的阳性率达87％,ELISA法阳性检出率为77％。IB法与ELISA法之间具有较好的正相关(r=0.67,P<0.01)。     

400例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者血清TSGF检测的临床分析

目的探讨肿瘤特异性生长因子（TSGF）在消化系统恶性肿瘤诊断上的价值及其临床意义。方法用生化比色定量法及TSGF检测试剂盒测定血清中TSGF的含量。结果400例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者血清TS-GF的含量（71．37±11．24u／ml）显著高于正常对照组血清TSGF的含量（59．75±4．45u／ml）（P〈0.01）,阳性检出率达79．80％。另外,在60例进行化疗的患者中,18例有效者化疗后血清TSGF的含量（61．28±6．05u／ml）较化疗前（83．01±4．57u／ml）明显下降（P〈0．01）,6例化疗无效者化疗后血清TSGF的含量（86．51±5．82u／ml）显著高于化疗前（65．76±5．92u／ml）（P〈0．01）。结论TSGF是一种新的、敏感性高的肿瘤标志物,对于消化系统恶性肿瘤的诊断、评价疗效和判断预后,均有临床意义。     

程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)在乳腺癌患者外周血和癌组织中的表达

本研究采用免疫组化法检测42例乳腺癌组织及相应的42例癌旁组织中PD-L1的表达,并分析PD-L1表达与乳腺癌临床病理特征的关系;采用ELISA方法测定这42乳腺癌患者手术前血清PD-L1的表达及另外18正常对照血清中PD-L1的表达,并分析PD-L1在血清中表达与乳腺癌组织中的表达关联程度及其临床意义。研究结果表明:乳腺癌患肿瘤组织中PD-L1表达高于癌旁组织(p0.05),PD-L1高表达与肿瘤大小、肿瘤分化、淋巴结转移、远处转移相关(p0.05),而与年龄无关(p0.05)。进一步的分析显示:乳腺癌患者血清PD-L1表达显著高于正常人(p0.001),且乳腺癌患者血清PD-L1的表达与癌组织中PD-L1的表达显著相关(r=0.811,p0.001)。PD-L1在乳腺癌组织及血清中均高表达,两者显著相关,高表达PD-L1与乳腺癌进展及预后不佳相关。我们的研究初步表明采用免疫组化及ELISA检测乳腺癌肿瘤组织及外周血中PD-L1的表达,对于解释PD-L1与乳腺癌发生、发展及预后的关系,对乳腺癌的诊治及临床应用具有意义。     

血清分泌蛋白质组学在肿瘤中的研究进展

随着人类基因组测序计划的结束,对基因表达产物的分析已经成为研究热点,而有关蛋白质的技术亦得到了不断地发展与完善。血清分泌蛋白质组在肿瘤中起着重要作用,目前已经有不少分泌蛋白作为肿瘤标志物用于临床检测和预后判断。现对血清分泌蛋白质组在肿瘤领域的研究方法及研究进展进行了综述。     

Purification of a serum DNA binding protein (64DP) with a molecular weight of 64,000 and its diagnostic significance in malignant diseases

A DNA binding protein with a molecular weight of 64,000(64DP) has been purified to homogeneity from human serum, and its quantitative assay has been developed. The average level of serum 64DP in 30 normal controls was 41.4 μg/ml, whereas it was 175 μg/ml in 87 patients with untreated malignant disease. Furthermore it was found to be elevated in all tested patients, 8 cases, with carcinoma in early stages. Serum 64DP has been found to be different from C3DP, CEA^# or α-FP^#, and it appears that this protein might prove to be a useful tumor marker in malignant diseases.     

Circulating and local nuclear expression of survivin and fibulin-3 genes in discriminating benign from malignant respiratory diseases: correlation analysis

Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis as well as a promoter of cell proliferation. Fibulin-3 is a matrix glycoprotein that displays potential for tumor suppression or propagation. The present study aimed to validate the expression levels of survivin and fibulin-3 in benign and malignant respiratory diseases. This case–control study included 219 patients categorized into five groups. Group A included 63 patients with lung cancer, group B included 63 patients with various benign lung diseases, group D included 45 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), and group E included 48 patients with various benign pleural diseases. Group C included 60 healthy individuals (control group). Serum survivin and fibulin-3 levels were measured by ELISA, whereas their nuclear expressions in the lung and pleura were assessed via Western blot analysis. The results showed significantly higher survivin serum levels and significantly lower fibulin-3 levels in group A compared with in group B and controls (P<0.001). There were significantly higher serum levels of survivin and fibulin-3 in group D compared with in group E and controls (P<0.001), consistent with observed nuclear survivin and fibulin-3 expression levels. Fibulin-3 was determined to have higher value than survivin in discriminating lung cancer from MPM (P<0.05). Survivin and fibulin-3 could be useful diagnostic markers for lung and pleural cancers, and fibulin-3 expression was particularly useful in differentiating lung cancer from MPM.     

Serum anti-p53 antibodies as a useful marker for prognosis of gastric carcinoma

Mutations in the TP53 gene are the most common genetic alterations in cancer. Accumulation of mutated protein may induce circulating anti-p53 antibodies (anti-p53Ab) in sera of cancer patients. The aim of our work was to evaluate the presence and prognostic value of anti-p53Ab in gastric cancer patients and to investigate whether their presence is related to p53 overexpression in tumor tissue. Anti-p53Ab were analyzed in sera from 111 patients with gastric carcinoma and from 64 healthy donors by ELISA. p53 expression was also quantified by ELISA in biopsies of 54 gastric cancers and 22 healthy gastric mucosas. Significant anti-p53Ab levels were found in 15.3% of patients, whereas none of the 64 donor sera were positive. High levels of p53 expression were detected only in tumor tissue, in 72.2% of cases. A significant correlation was observed between anti-p53Ab and high levels of mutated p53 in tissue (p<0.05). The survival time of serum-positive patients was significantly longer than that of patients with low/negative serum levels, with a survival rate of 41.2% and 14.9%, respectively, over 48 months (p<0.05). Thus, detection of serum anti-p53Ab in gastric cancer patients can be useful to identify a subset of patients with better prognosis.     

The Haptoglobin β chain as a supportive biomarker for human lung cancers

Haptoglobin (Hp) is produced as an acute phase reactant during inflammation, infection, malignant diseases, and several cancers. In proteomics analysis using human blood samples, the Hp peptide levels were about 3-fold higher in lung cancer patients versus normal individuals. This study is aimed at analyzing the elevation of which chain of Hp is closely related to lung cancers and can be a serum biomarker for lung cancers. In Western blot (WB) analysis, we found that the Hp β chain can be a better diagnostic biomarker for lung cancers. In the result of the Hp β chain ELISA developed by us, the concentrations of the Hp β chain in the sera increased about 4-fold in 190 lung adenocarcinoma patients versus 190 healthy controls (8.0 ± 3.8 μg ml(-1)vs. 1.9 ± 1.2 μg ml(-1)). ELISA data showed that the serum levels of the Hp β chain in breast cancer (1.5 ± 0.5 μg ml(-1)) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (1.4 ± 1.0 μg ml(-1)) patients remained similar to those of healthy controls. Compared to lung adenocarcinoma, the Hp β chain levels in the plasma of patients with other respiratory diseases such as tuberculosis (TBC), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and bronchial asthma (BA) were closer to those of healthy controls. Our data suggest that an increase of the Hp β chain can be a potential serum biomarker for lung cancers.     

乳腺癌患者血清内IL-6 和CCL-18表达及其与临床病理因素的关系

目的:探究乳腺癌患者血清内白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和趋化因子配体-18(CCL-18)表达水平及其与临床病理因素的关系。方法:本研究于2014年4月~2015年4月期间,选择我院收治31例乳腺癌患者(乳腺癌组)、29例良性肿瘤患者(良性肿瘤组)与30例健康体检者(对照组)为研究对象,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定所有研究对象的血清IL-6与CCL-18水平,采用免疫组化法检测患者的临床病理参数。结果:乳腺癌组患者血清IL-6和CCL-18水平均显著高于良性肿瘤组和对照组,良性肿瘤组血清IL-6和CCL-18水平高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);血清IL-6S水平与雌激素受体(ER)、肿瘤增殖抗原(Ki67)、肿瘤TNM分期及淋巴转移存在关联(P0.05),血清CCL-18水平与Ki67与肿瘤TNM分期存在关联(P0.05)。结论:IL-6和CCL-18在乳腺癌患者内出现高表达,且均可预示患者肿瘤的发展恶化,影响预后。     

促性腺激素释放激素类似物缓解环磷酰胺导致卵巢损伤的机制研究

目的:通过动物实验和细胞实验初步探索促性腺激素释放激素类似物在环磷酰胺暴露下保护卵巢功能的机制。方法:构建乳腺癌荷瘤小鼠36只,随机分成Control组,CTX组和CG(CTX+GnRHa)组,药物干预后麻醉下剥离肿瘤和子宫卵巢并称重,计数卵巢原始卵泡和生长卵泡数目,提卵巢蛋白进行Western blot检测抗缪勒氏管激素(Anti-Müllerian hormone,AMH)蛋白表达量,提取卵巢RNA进行qRT-PCR实验检测mRNA水平,心尖取血检测血清AMH水平。卵巢颗粒细胞加药处理36小时后,收细胞蛋白进行Western blot检测AMH蛋白表达量,提细胞RNA进行qRT-PCR检测mRNA水平,ELISA法检测细胞培养基上清中AMH水平。结果:成瘤后第21天,CTX组和CG组小鼠肿瘤质量无统计学差异(P>0.05)且均小于Control组(P<0.05);CTX组子宫和卵巢的总重量均显著低于Control组和CG组(P<0.01),卵巢内原始卵泡数量均低于Control组和CG组(P<0.001),生长卵泡数量无统计学差异(P>0.05)。动物实验,Western blot结果提示,CTX组卵巢AMH蛋白含量显著高于Control组或CG组(P<0.05);由ELISA结果提示,CTX组血清AMH蛋白浓度显著低于CG组(P<0.01)。细胞实验,由Western blot可见,CTX组AMH蛋白含量显著高于Control组和CG组(P<0.05);由ELISA实验可见,CG 750组和CG1000组培养基上清的AMH蛋白浓度均高于对应CTX剂量组(P<0.01)。无论在动物实验还是细胞实验中,各组AMH的mRNA表达水平均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论:在CTX化疗的同时运用GnRHa,可以在不干扰化疗疗效的前提下,通过减少CTX所致细胞内AMH潴留程度,增加细胞外和血清中的AMH浓度从而发挥保护卵巢储备的功能。     

DR-70~(TM)和CA50肺癌免疫测定的应用价值

目的 :评价DR 70 TM和CA5 0两种肿瘤标志物在肺癌检测中的价值。方法 :应用DR 70 TMELISA和CA5 0IRMA对77例肺癌患者 ,42例健康者及 48例其它肺癌者进行对照检测。结果 :各组DR 70 TMCA5 0测定值比例显示肺癌组平均值显著其它两组 (P <0 .0 1)。DR 70 TM检测的敏感性和有效性高于CA5 0检测 (83.1%比 6 6 .2 % ,85 .7%比 75 .6 % )。两项联合检测的敏感性 ,有效性分别为 96 .1% ,93.1% ,优于单项DR 70 TM 检测的 83.1% ,85 .7% ,及CA5 0的 6 6 .2 9%、75 .6 %。结论 :DR 70 TM在肺癌检测中有较大应用价值。DR 70 TM 和CA5 0两项联合检测是较理想的肺癌检测组合     

Serum Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF-C) as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Patients with Ovarian Cancer

VEGF-C is regarded as one of the most efficient factors in regulating lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to better understand the role of VEGF-C in the progression of ovarian cancer and to assess its diagnostic and prognostic significance. A total of 109 patients with ovarian cancer, 76 patients with benign ovarian diseases, and 50 healthy controls were recruited in this study. Serum levels of VEGF-C were determined by ELISA method. The results showed that serum levels of VEGF-C were significantly higher in the patients with ovarian cancer than those with benign ovarian diseases and healthy controls (P<0.01). Serum level of VEGF-C was correlated with FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, tumor resectability, and survival of the patients (P<0.05). The areas of receiver operating curves of VEGF-C were higher than those of CA125 in different screening groups. Analysis using the Kaplan-meier method indicated that patients with high VEGF-C had significantly shorter overall survival time than those with low VEGF-C (P<0.0001). In a multivariate analysis along with clinical prognostic parameters, serum VEGF-C was identified as an independent adverse prognostic variable for overall survival. These results indicated that serum VEGF-C may be a clinically useful indicator for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation in ovarian cancer patients.