我国数种蜘蛛新纪录

1.冲绳绿蟹蛛 Oxytate hoshizuna Ono,1978(蟹蛛科 Thomisidae) 1,广西桂林,1980.4.13。雄蛛长7.6毫米。活体翠绿色,固定后转成黄色。眼的排列和大小同平行绿蟹蛛O.parallela(Simon,1880)。惟触肢胫节外末角的长突起的末部弯曲成钩状,末端尖锐。腹部后半部有6条横边,故可见分为7节。国外分布于日本冲绳岛。     

中国冕蟹蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目,蟹蛛科)

记述了采自中国湖南省石门县壶瓶山境内的蟹蛛科形状不同,本种纳精囊细管状,而后者囊状;3)新种螯肢Thomisidae冕蟹蛛属Smodicinodes 1新种,壶瓶冕蟹蛛Smod- 前齿堤有5根须状长毛,而后者为2个小齿.雄蛛与Smodiicinodes hupingesissp nov..新种与Smodicinodes kovaci Ono,cinodes schwendingeri Benjamin,2002相似,但有以下几点不1993相似,但有以下几点不同:1)两者头胸部和腹部的比同:1)腹部形状不同;2)本种触肢胫节腹突和跗舟延伸部例不同,且前者腹部梨形,后者腹部长卵圆形;2)交媾腔分尖锐,而后者圆钝;3)胫节后侧突指状,而后者分叉.     

广西绿蟹蛛1新种：蜘蛛目：蟹蛛科

记述采自广西壮族自治区百色县茶园的蟹蛛科绿蟹蛛属1新种,广西绿蟹蛛Oxytate guangx-tensis sp.nov.。     

西双版纳高峭蛛新属新种描述(蜘蛛目,蟹蛛科)

描述了采自云南西双版纳热带雨林的蟹蛛1新属高峭蛛属及1新种胶高峭蛛Acrotmarus gummosus gen.et sp.nov..新种模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所.高峭蛛属,新属Acrotmarus gen.nov.与蟹蛛科蟹蛛亚科峭腹蛛族中的其它属的主要区别在于:后侧眼眼丘大而隆起,雄蛛触肢插入器呈薄片状,基部有宽缘,其端部具1凹陷,末端呈钩状.本属近似于非洲的Pherecydes O.P.-Cambridge,1883,但有以下不同:前者仅后侧眼在隆起的眼丘上,后者的前侧眼、后侧眼均在隆起的眼丘上;前者雌蛛的后侧眼间距/头胸部宽为0.93,后者为1.29;前者雌蛛前中眼间距/前中、侧眼间距为0.97,后者为1.52.本属的生殖器官结构与Pherecydes差异明显:前者雄蛛触肢有VTA而后者缺乏,前者插入器扁平片状而后者丝状;前者外雌器有兜而后者无.词源:新属属名由于标本系从高层雨林冠层采集而来,且与峭腹蛛族的属在外形上有相似性.胶高峭蛛,新种Acrotmarus gummosus sp.nov.(图1～3,6～21)正模♂.副模:24 ♂ ♂,15♀ ♀,云南省西双版纳国家自然保护区勐仑保护区的热带雨林及橡胶林,2007年7～8月间,郑国采;1 ♂,西双版纳勐仑镇绿石林森林公园,2009年11月15日,唐果、姚志远采.词源:新种种名源自新种部分标本采于橡胶林冠层.     

贵州洞穴小弱蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目:弱蛛科)

记述采自贵州省施秉县一洞穴小弱蛛属Leptonetela一新种,施秉小弱蛛Leptonetela shibingensis sp.nov.。该新种近似于查氏小弱蛛Leptonetela zhai WangLi,2011,主要区别有:眼退化,仅留眼丘,后者6眼完全;雄蛛触肢器中突(median apophysis,M)小,三角形,而后者中突大,近掌状;雄蛛触肢器胫节基刺(basal spine of male palpal tibia,TBS)短而粗,末端向内弯曲。模式标本保存于贵州科学院生物研究所。     

中国绿蟹蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目,蟹蛛科)

记述了采自中国湖南省石门县壶瓶山国家自然保护区境内的蟹蛛科Thomisidae绿蟹蛛属Oxytate 1新种:微绿蟹蛛Oxytate minuta sp.nov,新种与冲绳绿蟹蛛Oxytatehoshizuna Ono,1978较为近似,但有以下几点不同:1)身体大小、形状差别较大,本种身体微小2.60,而后者一般在7.00以上,2)本种插入器隆起于生殖球之上,而后者并不如此.模式标本保存在湖南师范大学生命科学学院.文中量度单位为mm.词源:本种以其体型微小而命名.     

中国云南省四种蟹蛛(蜘蛛目,蟹蛛科)记述

描述了采自中国云南省高黎贡山的4种蟹蛛:小棒绿蟹蛛Oxytate clavulata Tang,Yinet Peng,sp.nov.和中国3新纪录种:不丹绿蟹蛛Oxytate bhutanica Ono,2001,小斜蟹蛛Loxobates minor Ono,2001和南国花叶蛛Synema nangokuOno,2002,其中小斜蟹蛛的雌性为首次发现。小棒绿蟹蛛,新种Oxytate clavulata Tang,Yinet Peng,sp.nov.(图1~5)正模♂(HNU-YHY2601),云南腾冲县上营乡大蒿坪村,2040m,2006-06-04,尹长民、胡佳芳、杨效华采。词源:本种因触肢器的插入器呈小棒状而命名。新种近似于平行绿蟹蛛O.parallela(Simon,1880),但能与后者区别于:1)触肢后侧突末端弯向内侧而后者弯向腹侧;2)插入器基部有一突起而后者没有。分布:中国云南。不丹绿蟹蛛Oxytate bhutanica Ono,2001(图6~15)Oxytate bhutanica Ono,2001:205,figs.1-5.观察标本:1♀,1♂(HNU-YHY0401),界头乡桥头村,1652m,2006-05-17;6♀♀(HNU-YHY0302),界头乡周家坡,1660m,2006-05-16;1♂(HNU-YHY0803),界头乡张家营村,1665m,2006-05-20;1♀,1♂(CAS-YHY1506),腾岳镇宝丰寺,1790m,2006-05-31;1♀(CAS-YHY1703),曲石乡热海,1470m,2006-06-01;1♀(CAS-YHY3801),荷花镇米兰,1400m,2006-06-07。以上标本均由尹长民、胡佳芳和杨效华采自云南省腾冲县。其余观察标本:1♀(HNU-Tang040501),贡山县独龙江乡迪政当村,1841m,2004-10-27~30,唐果采;1♀(HNU-Tang040605),贡山县独龙江乡龙元村白来组,1676m,2004-10-31~11-03,唐果采;2♀♀(CAS-DHK0501201),泸水县片马乡岗房,1780m,2005-05-16,David KAVANAUGH采。分布:不丹、中国(云南)。小斜蟹蛛Loxobates minor Ono,2001(图16~28)Loxobates minor Ono,2001:207,figs.6-8.观察标本:1♀,2♂♂(HNU-David065002);云南腾冲清水镇热海良盈村,1450m,2006-06-01,David KAVANAUGH,Roberta BRETT和董大志采;6♀♀(YHY1707:3♀♀,HNU;3♀♀,CAS);云南腾冲清水镇热海,1470m,2006-06-01,尹长民、胡佳芳、杨效华采;1♂(CAS-YHY2102),腾冲荷花镇朗蒲村,1150m,2006-06-02,胡鹏采。分布:不丹、中国。南国花叶蛛Synema nangoku Ono,2002(图29~33)Synema nangoku Ono,2002:206,figs.13-18.观察标本:1♀,3若蛛(HNU-YHY3202),中国云南腾冲芒棒乡,1300m,2006-06-05,胡鹏采。分布:日本、中国(云南)。     

宁夏六盘伪黑盲蛛记述(盲蛛目,开气门亚目,硬体盲蛛科)(英文)

记述了分布于中国宁夏回族自治区的伪黑盲蛛属Pseudomelanopa 1新种:六盘伪黑盲蛛P.liupan sp.nov.,此种与本属中的唯一种类台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana相比较,雄蛛的阳茎和雌蛛的纳精囊明显不同;新种步足上的刺明显小于台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana;新种雌蛛眼丘光滑,而台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana眼丘上具1对小钝突;新种雄蛛触肢膝节和胫节光滑,仅在其膝节远端具1尖刺,而台湾伪黑盲蛛P.taiwana雄蛛触肢膝节和胫节背面具小齿.新种模式标本保存于河北大学博物馆.     

贵州龙角蛛属一新种记述(蜘蛛目:漏斗蛛科)

记述采自贵州黔东南苗族侗族自治州从江县太阳山龙角蛛属Draconarius一新种,镰刀龙角蛛Draconarius drepanoides sp.nov.。该新种近似于双龙角蛛D.bifarius Wang&Martens,2009,主要区别有:引导器末端腹面观时向后弯曲呈镰刀状(后者稍弯曲),中突腹面观时前端靠近盾板骨片(后者远离),膝节无突起(后者具一个较大的突起)。该新种还近似于镰状龙角蛛D.falcatus Xu&Li,2006,但可通过中突勺状(后者为一小且尖锐的突起)、无膝节突(后者具2个膝节突)和引导器末端不分叉(后者末端分叉)等特征区分。模式标本保存于西南大学生命科学学院。     

中国幽灵蛛属两新种记述(蜘蛛目:幽灵蛛科)

记述了幽灵蛛科幽灵蛛属2新种:舌幽灵蛛Pholcus lingulatus sp. nov. 和青城幽灵蛛Pholcus qingchengensis sp. nov..模式标本保存在河北大学生命科学学院.舌幽灵蛛,新种Pholcus lingulatus sp.nov. (图1～8)正模♀,副模2♂♂,2♀♀,吉林省桦甸市苇沙河,1973年8月13日.鉴别特征新种雄性触肢器的钩状突形状近似于Pholcus clavimaculatus Zhu et Song, 1999,但有如下2点不同:1)雄性触肢转节距呈弯指状,2)跗前突具一蛇舌状突起.新种的种名根据雄性触肢器跗前突、前侧突起的形状而拟定.青城幽灵蛛,新种Pholcus qingchengensis sp.nov. (图9～14)正模♂,副模1♂,四川省都江堰市青城山,1975年10月26日.鉴别特征新种雄性触肢器的钩状突形状近似于关氏幽灵蛛Pholcus guani Song et Ren, 1994,但有如下3点不同:1)雄性触肢转节距呈铲状,2)跗前突具一钉状突起,3)螯肢前面中部具2个突起.新种的种名根据模式标本的采集地而拟定.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.