光照和温度对高原鼠兔褐色脂肪组织产热特征的影响

测定了高原鼠兔（ Ｏｃｈｏｔｏｎａ ｃｕｒｚｏｎｉａｅ） 在驯化２ 周后（ 分４ 种处理： ２３ ℃,１６ Ｌ：８ Ｄ; ２３ ℃, ８ Ｌ：１６ Ｄ; ５℃,１６ Ｌ：８ Ｄ 和５ ℃, ８ Ｌ：１６ Ｄ） 褐色脂肪组织（ＢＡＴ） 的蛋白含量、线粒体蛋白含量和细胞色素ｃ 氧化酶活性的变化。结果表明, 低温或短光照可刺激这些指标的增加; 最高值出现在低温加短光照组。说明在季节性驯化过程中, 光照和温度协同作用, 以诱导动物的产热调节。这与高原鼠兔群居性差、不筑巢的行为习性、栖息于开阔的矮蒿草草甸以及高寒地区的昼夜温差较大、气候多变等因素有关。     

褪黑激素对布氏田鼠适应性产热的诱导作用

秋季,将布氏田鼠置于２３±２℃,光周期１４Ｌ∶１０Ｄ的环境中,每日腋下注射褪黑激素,共四周。导致布氏田鼠的非颤抖性产热被激活,褐色脂肪组织和肝的总蛋白及线粒体蛋白含量明显地增加;肝线粒体状态４和状态３呼吸活力显著增加;刺激肝和褐色脂肪组织线粒体细胞色素Ｃ氧化酶活力升高;明显地升高血清Ｔ３浓度和增加Ｔ３／Ｔ４比率。表明在秋季褪黑激素能明显提高布氏田鼠的产热能力。短光照对布氏田鼠产热的调控可能是通过松果体分泌的褪黑激素而实现的。     

非冬眠期达乌尔黄鼠对低温的适应性产热

达乌尔黄鼠在夏季冷驯化低温环境下（５±１℃）暴露４周后,导致脂肪积累的抑制;其静止代谢率（ＲＭＲ）和非颤抖性产热（ＮＳＴ）分别提高了１２％和８５％;肝脏线粒体的蛋白含量、状态３呼吸和细胞色素Ｃ氧化酶活力分别提高了２２％、４２％和４８％,表明在低温环境下肝脏线粒体产热能力的增强是ＲＭＲ提高的细胞学机制之一;褐色脂肪组织（ＢＡＴ）的重量、蛋白含量、细胞色素Ｃ氧化酶活力和α－磷酸甘油氧化酶活力极显著提高,表明在低温环境下ＢＡＴ是达乌尔黄鼠的主要产热器官,ＢＡＴ产热能力的增强是ＮＳＴ提高的重要细胞学机制之一。冷驯化没有引起达乌尔黄鼠血清Ｔ３、Ｔ４含量的变化     

布氏田鼠对低温的适应性产热

将布氏田鼠置１到３０天的低温（６±１℃）环境下暴露,其体重与体温没有明显变化;静止代谢率（ＲＭＲ）、非震颤性产热（ＮＳＴ）及血清中三碘甲腺原氨酸（Ｔ３）含量,随冷暴露时间的延长而增加;肝线粒体状态３呼吸及细胞色素Ｃ氧化酶活力亦随冷暴露时间的延长而升高。肝线粒体蛋白质含量经冷暴露３０天时有明显升高,表明动物在低温适应中肝线粒体蛋白合成增加与呼吸功能增强是个体ＲＭＲ提高的细胞学机制之一。布氏田鼠褐色脂     

光周期对粘虫生殖与飞翔影响的初步研究

在室内恒温条件下,测定了粘虫在短光照（ＬＤ８：１６）、中等光照（ＬＤ１２：１２）、长光照（ＬＤ１６：８）、光照逐日由长变短（ＬＤ１６：８－１２：１２）和逐日由为长（ＬＤ８：１６－１２：１２）等不同光周期条件下的发育进度,生殖力和飞翔能力。结果表明,光照由长变短使幼虫发育进度比其它处理平均缩短１ｄ以上,短光照、长变知道工换短、中等光照等条件下的成虫产卵前期均比长光照。短换长和短变和等处理蛾显著延长,     

光照和温度对根田鼠褐色脂肪组织产热能力的影响

测定了根田鼠在室内驯化2周后褐色脂肪组织（BAT）的蛋白含量、线粒体蛋白含量和细胞色素C氧化酶活性的变化。动物进行如下4种处理:23℃,16L:8D;23℃,8L：16D;5℃,16L：8D和5℃,8L:16D.。结果表明,短光照可刺激根田鼠的BAT线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶的活性增加;低温驯化可导致根田鼠的BAT线粒体蛋白含量增加;短光照加低温可进一步促进酶的活性增加。结合个体水平的产热特点,说明根田鼠在产热能力的季节驯化过程中,光周期是一主要的季节调节信号,环境温度进一步增强光照的作用,环境温度和光周期共同作用以诱导其产热能力等方面的生理调节。研究结果支持了环境温度和光周期共同作用以调节动物产热变化的学说。     

黑龙江铜木蚜蝇雌性的描述

黑龙江铜木蚜蝇雌性的描述ＤＥＳＣＲＩＰＴＩＯＮＯＦＴＨＥＦＥＭＡＬＥＣＨＡＬＣＯＳＹＲＰＨＵＳ（ＸＹＬＯＴＯＭＩＭＡ）ＡＭＵＲＥＮＳＩＳ（ＳＴＡＣＫＥＬＢＥＲＧ）（ＤＩＰＴＥＲＡ：ＳＹＲＰＨＩＤＡＥ）￥ＨＥＪｉｌｏｎｇ;ＣＨＵＸｉｐｉｎｇ（Ｄｅｐａｒ...     

根田鼠肾上腺皮质酮水平的日节律及急性低氧的影响

根田鼠肾上腺皮质酮水平的日节律及急性低氧的影响ＴＨＥＣＩＲＣＡＤＩＡＮＲＨＹＴＨＭＯＦＣＯＲＴＩＣＯＳＴＥＲＯＮＥＬＥＶＥＬＡＮＤＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＨＹＰＯＸＩＡＯＮＲＯＯＴＶＯＬＥ（ＭＩＣＲＯＴＵＳＯＥＣＯＮＯＭＵＳ）根田鼠（Ｍｉｃｒｏｔｕｓｏｅｃ...     

BALB／c等小鼠线粒体DNAD环区PCR—SSCP分析

用ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ方法分析ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ等７个近交系小鼠线粒体ＤＮＡ（ｍｔＤＮＡ）的多态性,探讨其遗传起源及亲缘关系,结果发现,这些小鼠ｍｔＤＮＡ的高变异性区,Ｄ－ｌｏｏｐ ５’及３’端的ＳＳＣＰ电泳带型完全相同,未发现多态性。表明ＴＡ２、６１５、Ｔ７３９、ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ、Ｃ３Ｈ、Ｃ５７ＢＬ／６Ｊ、ＤＢＡ／２等近交系小鼠的ｍｔＤＮＡ具有高度的同源性。     

沙葱的组织培养和植株再生

１植物名称沙葱（Ａｌｌｉｕｍｍｏｎｇｏｌｉｃｕｍ），又名蒙古韭。种子来源于中国科学院沙漠研究所宁夏沙坡头沙漠试验站。２材料类别幼苗的叶片。３培养条件（１）愈伤组织诱导培养基：ＭＳ＋２，４－Ｄ２．０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１（单位下同）＋ＫＴ０．２＋ＣＨ（水解酪蛋白）５００＋蔗糖３％；（２）分化培养基同（１），但２，４－Ｄ为０．５；（３）生根培养基：１／２ＭＳ＋１ＢＡ１．０＋蔗糖３％。上述培养基均加０．７％琼脂粉固化，ｐＨ调至５．８～６．２。培养温度（２５±２）℃。愈伤组织诱导阶段为暗培养，分化阶段每日光照１２…     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.