栎链蚧属分类地位讨论及一新种记述：同翅目：蚧总科：链蚧科

栎链蚧属(Asterodiaspis)是专性寄生于壳斗科(Fagacea)植物的特有类群之一,部分种类的雌成虫寄生于同一寄主的不同部位(茎干、叶片)时,在形态上表现出一定的差异,从而表现为食干型(stem-form)和食叶型(leaf-form)的分化,这种生态二型现象(ecologieal dimorphism)表现出本类群的复杂多样性。本文在新种双型栎链蚧A.biformis sp.nov.形态记述的基础上,认为新栎链蚧属Neoasterodiaspis Borchsenius,     

中国新栎盾蚧属一新种及二新纪录种(同翅目:蚧总科:盾蚧科)

记述新栎盾蚧属Neoquernaspis Howell et Takagi,1981一新种,即细管新栎盾蚧N.leptosipha sp.nov和2种中国分布新纪录种,即石柯新栎盾蚧N.beshearae Liu et Tippins,1988和尼泊尔新栎盾蚧N.nepalensis (Takagi,1977),并编制了该属中国已知种类检索表,新种模式标本和新纪录标本保存于西北农业大学昆虫博物馆。     

链壶蚧属一新种：（同翅目：蚧总科：壶蚧科）

链壶蚧属Asterococcus隶属壶蚧科Cerococcidae,由Borchsenius 1960年建立。此属雌成虫以其外壳顶端有若虫蜕、外壳后部有一向上的管状突起物;8形腺在腹缘成明显的宽带及肛环刚毛8根,与本科中其它2属区别。链壶蚧属,目前世界已知7种,除1种分布在南非外,其余均分布在古北区和东洋区,我国目前已记载5种。本文记述了产于我国四川、湖南的链壶蚧属1新种。模式标本保存于山东农业大学昆虫学教研室昆虫标本室。 文中所涉及的长度单位均为微米(μm)。     

云南紫胶蚧新种记述（同翅目：胶蚧科）

本文记述采自云南省寄生在钝叶黄檀枝条上的胶蚧属(Kerria)一新种,取名为云南紫胶虫(Kerria yunnanensis sp.nov.)。新种是云南紫胶原胶的大量生产者,分布较广泛,应用价值高,但因其外部形态与紫胶蚧(Kerria lacca(kerr)Targioni-Tozzetti)相似,长期以来一直被中外学者误认为是同一种。最近,经过对两者的形态作进一步观察比较,笔者认为是不同的种,新种与紫胶蚧是近缘种。新种的模式标本保存在中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所。     

园林蚧虫新种记述(同翅目:蚧总科)

本文记述了我国为害园林树种的二个蚧虫新种,其中一个新种取名为刺蜡链蚧,它属于链蚧科(Asterolecaniidae)的蜡链蚧属(Cerococcus Comstock),为害八角枫。另一新种取名贵盘蚧,它属于盘蚧科(Lecanodiaspididae)的盘蚧属(Lecanodiaspis Targioni-Tozzetti),为害枹栎树。新种的正模和副模标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所。     

危害玉蜀黍的葵粉蚧属新种记述(同翅目:蚧总科, 粉蚧科)

本文记述葵粉蚧属一新种,取名为耕葵粉蚧。新种的正模和副模标本均保存在中国科学院动物研究所。 该粉蚧发现于七十年代初,对此蚧虫的经济意义有一个初步认识过程。最早只知其寄生在高粱的根部。后来在玉蜀黍的根部,有时也在玉蜀黍近地面的叶鞘内发现寄生着密集的虫体。被寄生的植株,轻者生长发育缓慢,矮小细弱,减少产量;重者难以结实,甚至枯萎而死。该蚧虫或造成局部地区的玉蜀黍农田受害日趋明显,或在其分布区内大发生,此起彼伏,难以掌握,所以旧稿数易。根据这一害虫的发展情况应引起有关部门的关注,尽快进行对该蚧虫的观察研究工作,以便及时采取控制其猖獗的措施,确保粮食丰产。现将新种记述如下。     

中国黑粉蚧属及其近似属种类记述(半翅目:蚧总科:粉蚧科)

研究和整理了我国黑粉蚧属Ａｔｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ及其近似属的种类,计有５属１２种,其中包括２新种;鹤虱奥粉蚧Ａｌｌｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｌｅｐｐｕｌｕｓ Ｗｕ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ和山西配粉蚧Ａｌｌｏｔｒｉｏｎｙｍｕｓ ｓｈａｎｘｉｅｎｓｉｓ Ｗｕ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,和个中国新纪录种,细长黑粉蚧Ａｔｒｏｃｏｃｃｕｓ ｃｒａｃｅｎｓ Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍｓ。模式标本保存在山西农业大学蚧虫研究中心。     

竹链蚧属一新种记述（同翅目：蚧总科，链蚧科）

本记述采自安徽歙县箸竹Indocalamus sp.上的链蚧属Bambusasis的一新种,凸腺竹链蚧Bambusasis prolrusus,sp.nov.     

陕西竹子上的蚧虫寄生蜂二新种（膜翅目：跳小蜂科）

报道采自陕西竹子的蚧虫寄生蜂2新种,即寄生白尾安粉蚧Antonina crawi的棒节抑虱跳小蜂Acerophagus clavatus sp.n.和寄生竹半球链蚧Bambusapis hemisphaerica的长尾秀德跳小蜂Pseudectroma longicauda sp.n,对新种进行了详细描述,并附特征图。本文也是抑虱跳小蜂属和秀德跳小蜂属在我国分布的首次记录。标本存放浙江大学植物保护系。     

蚁粉蚧属一新种记述(同翅目:粉蚧科)

蚁粉蚧属(Formicococcus)于1928年为高桥良一(R.Takahashi)所建立。我国已知二种,其一是该属的模式种樟蚁粉蚧(Formicococcus cinnamomi Takahashi),此种产自我国台湾省,寄生在樟树的茎、枝缝隙以及根上为害,另一种也是高桥良一于1929年在我国台湾省发现的,名为木荷蚁粉蚧(Formicococcus schimae Takahashi),该种寄生在木荷枝上为害。本属还包括产自马达加斯加岛的第3种,名为格林蚁粉蚧(Formicococcus greeni(Vayssiere)),此种为害咖啡。1982年在我国福建省发现第4种,此种寄生在枇杷树根上为害,经鉴定后它是一个新种,订名为枇杷蚁粉蚧,现记述如下:     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.