7号染色体46765080位点SNP与绵羊尾臀性状相关性研究北大核心CSCD

绵羊尾(臀)脂性状是重要耐逆性状,其脂肪沉积的分子机制不清。旨在研究绵羊脂尾(臀)沉积脂肪的分子遗传机制,以最近文献报道的7号染色体一处SNP位点为候选分子标记,利用PCR-RFLP方法检测该位点在尾型极端差异的阿勒泰羊、哈萨克羊、湖羊、中国美利奴细毛羊以及萨福克羊群体中的多态性,并采用模型分析其与尾(臀)脂性状的相关性。结果表明,7号染色体46765080位点的G等位基因高频出现在表型分值较高的臀脂型阿勒泰羊群体中,A等位基因在长瘦尾绵羊品种中高频出现;等位基因频率G/A的比值与尾臀表型分值相关性模型表明G/A比值随着尾臀表型分值增加呈指数增长。以上结果表明,绵羊7号染色体46765080位点在尾(臀)脂与瘦尾绵羊群体中分布存在显著性差异,该SNP位点可作为一个理想的分子标记应用于高、低脂绵羊品种选育。     

绵羊X染色体59571364与59912586位点在脂尾、瘦尾绵羊群体中的多态性检测及分析

为了探讨绵羊X染色体上两处SNP(59571364和59912586)与绵羊尾脂沉积性状的关系, 继而为利用分子标记辅助选择育种技术培育低脂绵羊品种提供依据, 文章以尾型极端差异的阿勒泰羊、湖羊、中国美利奴细毛羊以及萨福克羊为研究对象, 利用PCR-RFLP检测两位点在群体中的多态性, 并分析了两个SNP位点在阿勒泰羊群体中的单倍型。结果表明：59571364位点的TT基因型和59912586位点的GG基因型在瘦尾中国美利奴与萨福克羊群体中属于优势基因型, 而两种基因型在脂尾(臀)阿勒泰羊与湖羊群体中比率均不足2%; 两位点在阿勒泰羊群体中的单倍型分析结果显示, CA单倍型为主单倍型, 比率高达55%, CA与TA两单倍型约占88.33%。以上结果提示, 绵羊X染色体59571364与59912586位点在脂尾(臀)与瘦尾绵羊群体中分布存在较大差异, 可作为理想的分子标记应用于高、低脂绵羊品种选育。     

兰州大尾羊MAPK13基因cDNA克隆及生物信息学分析

克隆兰州大尾羊促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶MAPK13基因,并分析其序列及其编码蛋白的生物学特性,为研究绵羊MAPK13基因的功能和生产应用提供参考。根据绵羊MAPK13基因CDS序列设计特异引物,利用RACE和RT-PCR技术克隆获得兰州大尾羊MAPK13基因全长序列,并结合生物信息学方法分析其生物学特性。克隆获得兰州大尾羊MAPK13基因cDNA序列全长1 397 bp,其CDS区片段长1 102 bp,编码367个氨基酸。预测兰州大尾羊MAPK13蛋白分子量为42.29 kD,理论等电点为8.82,为非跨膜的疏水性蛋白,亚细胞定位主要在细胞质中,无信号肽,不属于分泌蛋白。预测其氨基酸序列有19个磷酸化位点,3个糖基化位点,3个磷酸化功能结构域,4个其他结构域,1个LCR片段,二级结构以α-螺旋为主。同源性分析显示兰州大尾羊MAPK13基因序列与已发布的绵羊MAPK13 mRNA序列(登录号:NM_001139455.1)相比,其第852位发生碱基转换(CA),导致编码蛋白第265位氨基酸发生碱基转换(ST),同时,第951位发生碱基转换(TG),但其所编码氨基酸不变。构建的基因进化树分析结果显示兰州大尾羊与牛亲缘关系最近。兰州大尾羊与其他物种MAPK13基因在结构上相似性较高,说明该基因具有高度的保守性,其序列包含的S_TKc结构域可将ATP的γ磷酰基转移到蛋白质丝氨酸/苏氨酸残基上,导致一系列肥胖相关基因的功能失调和表达变化,为进一步研究MAPK13基因与成脂分化过程的相关性提供了参考。     

绵羊X染色体59383635位点多态性与脂尾性状的相关性分析

脂尾(臀)性状是绵羊逆境生存的必要性状, 其脂肪在尾臀部大量沉积的遗传特性与分子机制仍不明晰。为此, 文章以筛选的X染色体59383635位点SNP为候选分子标记, 利用PCR-SSCP技术检测该位点在我国尾型极端差异的阿勒泰羊、小尾寒羊、湖羊、中国美利奴细毛羊以及引入品种萨福克羊群体中的多态性, 并采用模型分析其与尾(臀)性状的相关性。结果表明, X染色体59383635位点T等位基因高频出现在表型分值较高的阿勒泰群体中, 而C等位基因则在瘦尾型绵羊品种中高频出现; 等位基因频率T/C的比值与尾臀表型分值相关性模型表明T/C比值随着尾臀表型分值增加呈指数倍增长。以上结果提示, 绵羊X染色体59383635位点多态性在脂尾(臀)与瘦尾绵羊群体中分布存在较大差异, 该SNP可作为一个理想的分子标记应用于高、低脂绵羊品种选育, 但其生物功能仍有待进一步深入研究。     

绵羊BTG1基因的半定量RT-PCR及生物信息学分析

B细胞易位基因1(BTG1基因)是BTG/TOB基因家族的成员之一,在动物细胞的增殖和分化中起重要的作用．利用牛BTG1基因的mRNA序列与绵羊的EST数据库进行Blast检索,并通过序列拼接和逆转录RT-PCR方法首次获得绵羊BTG1基因的部分cDNA序列（GenBank登录号FJ444829）,其片段长度为1 358 bp,包括完整的开放阅读框516 bp,编码171个氨基酸．半定量PCR研究结果表明：BTG1基因在小尾寒羊和陶赛特羊的10种组织中均表达,并具有一致的表达趋势．同源分析结果表明,绵羊BTG1蛋白的氨基酸序列中存在BTG/TOB的保守结构域,并且该蛋白在不同物种间具有很高的保守性．通过生物信息学预测BTG1蛋白功能,发现绵羊BTG1蛋白存在1个跨膜结构域、8个磷酸化位点和1个特异性蛋白激酶磷酸化位点．蛋白质结构同源建模分析表明,绵羊BTG1蛋白具有BTG/TOB蛋白家族的典型空间结构．     

绵羊睾丸发育相关基因在不同组织中的表达差异

本研究旨在筛选与绵羊睾丸发育的相关基因,检测其在绵羊同品种不同组织及不同品种睾丸组织中表达水平的差异,从而为研究这些基因在绵羊睾丸发育中的作用提供科学依据.以阿勒泰羊和巴什拜羊为材料,采用RT-qPCR技术探究其差异性表达.结果 显示,筛选出的基因DGCR6L、DDX24、ATP1A4、GPS2、PITRM1、KIF20B和Artn在阿勒泰羊附睾组织中高度表达,在巴什拜羊上除了GPS2和Artn在睾丸上高度表达,其余5个基因均在附睾组织中表达量最高.初步证明7个基因影响绵羊睾丸发育,对提高公羊繁殖力、为睾丸发育不完全综合征等疾病的遗传机制提供数据参考,同时为牛羊等优秀种公畜的早期选育提供参考依据.     

糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化的潜在靶标——FABP4（aP2）

脂肪细胞型脂肪酸结合蛋白（A-FABP／FABP4／aP2／ALBP）作为脂肪酸结合蛋白家族中的一员,在脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞中高表达。在鼠及人的肥胖个体中FABP4表达均增加。FABP4基因缺陷可改善胰岛素抵抗,并抑制动脉粥样硬化的发生发展。FABP4抑制剂减小了动物体内动脉硬化斑块的大小且提高了胰岛素敏感性。FABP4已经成为治疗糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化的重要潜在靶标。     

Leptin基因多态性与绵羊季节性发情的相关分析

根据leptin基因在GenBank中的已知序列设计两对引物,采用PCR-SSCP技术在常年发情的湖羊和季节性发情的阿勒泰羊群体中进行单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)检测,对筛查到的SNP位点进行基因型与绵羊季节性发情的关联分析。结果表明,与湖羊相比,阿勒泰羊leptin基因第1内含子上有3个连续碱基TTG的插入和C/T碱基突变;第3外显子3上发生G/T碱基突变,编码氨基酸由缬氨酸变成亮氨酸。Leptin外显子2扩增片段上检测到AA、AB、BB三种基因型,BB基因型在阿勒泰羊群体中属于优势基因型;对两个群体进行基因型频率独立性χ2检验,差异极显著(P0.001),说明BB基因型是影响季节性发情的有利基因型。研究结果提示,绵羊品种中Leptin基因序列的差异性可能是造成绵羊季节性发情的原因之一,可作为常年发情绵羊品种选育的辅助标记。     

新疆褐牛和安格斯牛公犊脂代谢相关肉品质性状的比较

动物体脂沉积具有明显的时空变化特征,且与其肉品质性状密切相关。新疆褐牛是我国著名的肉乳兼用培育品种,但与国外优良肉牛品种相比,其脂代谢相关肉品质性状的生长发育变化以及其相关调控基因的表达变化缺乏系统研究。本研究以相同饲养条件下安格斯肉牛和新疆褐牛3月龄公犊为对象,对其屠宰性状、不同脂肪组织形态测量指标、背最长肌和脂肪组织中脂肪酸合成酶(FASN)、脂肪酸结合蛋白4(FABP4)、激素敏感脂酶(HSL)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)和瘦素(LEP)基因的m RNA及其蛋白表达以及血清中其激素水平进行了测定。以期为后续的品种比较研究提供早期生长发育变化基础。结果为:(1)安格斯公犊肉骨比极显著高于新疆褐牛(p0.01),而肋脂厚和眼肌面积显著小于新疆褐牛(p0.05)。(2)安格斯肉牛心周脂肪和网膜脂肪组织中的脂肪细胞面积/单位面积脂肪细胞数量之比显著高于新疆褐牛(p0.05)。(3)在背最长肌和肾周脂肪中安格斯牛的FASN基因mRNA表达量均呈现出显著(p0.05)和极显著(p0.01)低于新疆褐牛的一致性变化;而在心周脂肪中则呈现安格斯公犊极显著高于新疆褐牛的相反变化(p0.01)。此外,在心周脂肪中安格斯牛的LEP和LPL基因的m RNA表达量极显著(p0.01)和显著(p0.05)高于新疆褐牛,而在肾周脂肪中安格斯牛的LPL、HSL和FABP4基因的mRNA表达量均极显著低于新疆褐牛(p0.01)。在心周脂肪组织和肾周脂肪中安格斯牛的LPL蛋白表达量极显著(p0.01)和显著(p0.05)高于新疆褐牛;(4)安格斯公犊血清5种激素浓度均显著(p0.05)或极显著(p0.01)低于新疆褐牛。除LEP外,该结果与肾周脂肪中其余4种激素编码基因的mRNA相对表达量变化一致。本研究结果表明,三月龄新疆褐牛体脂沉积能力大于安格斯牛,而产肉率有低于安格斯牛的趋势。体脂代谢相关基因及其蛋白表达的品种间差异主要体现在背最长肌、肾周、心周脂肪等组织。     

红鳍东方鲀GPI基因对急性低盐胁迫的响应机制

为了获得红鳍东方鲀Takifugu rubripes葡萄糖-6-磷酸异构酶(Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase, GPI)的基因信息及其表达特性, 研究采用RT-PCR和实时荧光定量PCR (qPCR) 技术进行了GPI基因的克隆、组织表达分析及其在急性低盐胁迫下的基因响应研究。结果显示, 所获得的红鳍东方鲀GPI基因序列长1736 bp, 包含一个完整的开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame, ORF)。ORF由1662个核苷酸组成, 编码553个氨基酸; 预测的氨基酸序列中有2个糖异构域(Sugar Isomerase Domains), 不存在信号肽和跨膜结构域。多序列比对结果表明物种间GPI具有较高的保守性。qPCR结果表明: GPI基因mRNA在红鳍东方鲀鳃、肌肉、脑、肠、肝及肾等组织中均有表达, 其中肌肉中表达量最高。在不同盐度胁迫下, 在鳃中, 各低盐组GPI mRNA相对表达量均呈现先升高后降低又回升的趋势; 在肾中, 各低盐组GPI mRNA相对表达量变化趋势各有不同。由此推测, GPI基因在红鳍东方鲀对急性低盐胁迫的响应中发挥一定作用。     

Allelic variation in ovine fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) gene

The fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) plays a role in lipid metabolism and has been implicated in intra-cellular lipid transport. While FABP4 variation has been reported in some species, variation in the coding sequence has not been reported in sheep. In this study two regions of ovine FABP4 were analysed using PCR-SSCP and sequencing. Five different PCR-SSCP patterns, representing five specific sequences (A ₁ –E ₁ ) were detected in region 1 (exon 2–intron 2) with sequence analysis revealing three nucleotide substitutions and one deletion in the intron. In region 2 (exon 3–intron 3), four different PCR-SSCP patterns (A ₂ –D ₂ ) were observed and four nucleotide substitutions were revealed. In total, fourteen haplotypes through both regions were defined. There was a difference (P?<?0.001) in allele frequencies between two selection lines of Coopworth sheep that have been bred over many generations to be lean or fat. In region 1, A ₁ and B ₁ were most common (at a frequency of 50 and 30?% respectively) in the fat line, whereas these two variants were absent or rare in the lean line in which C ₁ predominated (89?%). In region 2, C ₂ was the most common variant (59?%) in the lean line but was absent in the fat line, whereas B ₂ was predominant (83?%) in the fat line but was rare (3?%) in the lean line. These results indicate that ovine FABP4 is polymorphic and suggest further analysis is required to see if the variation detected affects fat deposition in sheep.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">Fabp3</Emphasis> Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Embryonic Myocardial Cells

Fatty acid binding protein 3 (FABP3) is a member of a family of binding proteins. The protein is mainly expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscle cells, and it has been linked to fatty acid metabolism, trafficking, and signaling. Using suppression subtractive hybridization, we previously found that FABP3 is highly regulated in ventricular septal defect (VSD) patients and may play a significant role in the development of human VSD. We therefore aimed to identify the biological characteristics of the FABP3 gene in embryonic myocardial cells. On the basis of RT-PCR and western blotting analyses, we demonstrated that the expression levels of FABP3 mRNA and protein were up-regulated initially and then gradually decreased with P19 cell differentiation. MTT assays and cell cycle analysis showed that FABP3 inhibits P19 cell proliferation, and data from annexin V-FITC assays revealed that FABP3 can promote apoptosis of P19 cells. Further data from quantitative real-time RT-PCR revealed lower expression levels of cardiac muscle-specific molecular markers (cTnT, alpha-MHC, GATA4, and MEF2c) in FABP3-overexpressing cell lines than in the control cells during differentiation. Our results demonstrate that FABP3 may be involved in the differentiation of cardiac myocytes.     

Proteomic and cell biological profiling of the renal phenotype of the mdx-4cv mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

The X-linked inherited muscle wasting disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy, which is caused by primary abnormalities in the membrane cytoskeletal protein dystrophin, is a multi-system disorder. Highly progressive forms of dystrophinopathy are associated with a complex secondary pathophysiology, including renal dysfunction. It was therefore of interest to carry out a systematic survey of potential proteome-wide changes in the kidney of the established mdx-4cv mouse model of dystrophinopathy. Of 5878 mass spectrometrically identified kidney proteins, 82 versus 142 proteins were shown to be decreased or increased, respectively, in association with muscular dystrophy. The most decreased versus increased protein species are the ACSM3 isoform of mitochondrial acyl-coenzyme A synthetase and the FABP1 isoform of fatty acid binding protein, respectively. Both proteomic findings were verified by immunofluorescence microscopy and immunoblot analysis. Interestingly, haematoxylin/eosin staining indicated diffuse whitish deposits in the mdx-4cv kidney, and an increased intensity of Sudan Black labelling of kidney cells revealed ectopic fat deposition. Although the proteomic results and cell biological findings do not demonstrate a direct functional link between increased FABP1 and fat accumulation, the results suggest that the up-regulation of FABP1 may be related to abnormal fat metabolism. This makes FABP1 potentially a novel pathobiochemical indicator for studying kidney abnormalities in the mdx-4cv model of dystrophinopathy.     

Fatty acid binding protein 3 as a potential mediator for diabetic nephropathy in eNOS deficient mouse

In human diabetic nephropathy, glomerular injury was found to comprise lipid droplets, suggesting that abnormal lipid metabolism might take place in the development of diabetic glomerular injury. However, its precise mechanism remains unclear. Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is currently considered as a key molecule for lipid metabolism. Since diabetic eNOS knockout (KO) mouse is considered to be a good model for human diabetic nephropathy, we here investigated whether FABP could mediate glomerular injury in this model. We found that glomerular injuries were associated with inflammatory processes, such as macrophage infiltration and MCP-1 induction. Microarray assay with isolated glomeruli revealed that among 10 isoforms in FABP family, FABP3 mRNA was most highly expressed in diabetic eNOSKO mice compared to non-diabetic eNOSKO mice. FABP3 protein was found to be located in the mesangial cells. Overexpression of FABP3 resulted in a greater response to palmitate, a satulated FA, to induce MCP-1 in the rat mesangial cells. In turn, the heart, a major organ for FABP3 protein in normal condition, failed to alter its expression level under diabetic condition in either wild type or eNOSKO mice. In conclusion, FABP3 is induced in the mesangial cells and likely a mediator to induce MCP-1 in the diabetic nephropathy.     

Nucleotide sequence of cDNA clones coding for a brain-type fatty acid binding protein and its tissue-specific expression in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

We have determined the nucleotide sequence for two cDNA clones coding for a fatty acid binding protein (FABP) from zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comparison of the sequence with GenBank entries revealed extensive amino acid identity between this zebrafish FABP and brain FABPs (B-FABP) from other species. The zebrafish B-FABP cDNA hybridized to single restriction fragments of total zebrafish genomic DNA digested with the restriction endonucleases BglII or EcoRI suggesting that a single copy of the B-FABP gene is present in the zebrafish genome. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that the zebrafish B-FABP mRNA is approximately 850 nucleotides in length. In situ hybridization revealed that the B-FABP mRNA was expressed in the periventricular gray zone of the optic tectum of the adult zebrafish brain.