酮基布洛芬拆分用酯酶产生菌的筛选及其催化特性*

从土攘中筛选获得一株可以高对映选择性水解酮基布洛芬乙酯的酵母KET4,经鉴定为芸苔丝孢酵母（Trichosporon　brassicae）。研究了该菌的生长和产酶过程,考察了其静息细胞对酮基布洛芬乙酯水解的催化特性。用该菌催化酯水解时,转化率为41％时,产物的对映体过量值为91％,对映选择率达到45。     

球壳孢目真菌个体发育研究I：壳二胞等四属

人工培养条件下,用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜对球壳孢目(Splnaerosidales)的Ascochyta, Phyllosticta, Phomopsis, Septoria四属进行个体发育研究,明确了其产孢方式：Ascochyta 和Phyllosticta为内壁芽生瓶梗式;Phomopsis 为全壁芽生瓶梗式;Septoria为全壁芽生合轴式,这一结果为属级分类提供了可靠的依据。产孢方式是属内共同具有的稳定特征,分生孢子的形成方式类型、产孢细胞及分生孢子的形态是划分属的首要标准。以寄主植物属为基础确定的同属大多数种在个体发育上无明显差别,分生孢子的形态及大小是分种的一个重要依据。     

中国弯孢属的分类研究II

报道弯孢属的两个新种,柱弯孢Curvularia cylindrica和拟棒弯孢Curvulariatra chycarpi,前者生于葱Allium fistulosum上,后者生于棕榈Trachycarpus fortunei上。柱弯孢的分生孢子柱状细长,4个隔膜,这是区别于其它种的显著特征。拟棒弯孢的形态与棒弯孢C.clavata B.L.Jain近似,但是其分生孢子明显的大于后者。研究标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

球孢白僵菌胞内几丁质酶的分离纯化及性质

球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)突变株CH-1316细胞裂解液经(NH_4)_2SO_4沉淀,DEAE-纤维素层析及凝胶过滤,分离出一种几丁质酶,该酶的分子量为32000;最适pH为5.0;最适温度为40℃;最适离子强度为0.2mol/L NaCl;Hg²⁺、Fe²⁺是该酶的强抑制剂;该几丁质酶完全不水解纯的片状几丁质,脱矿几丁质也不是该酶的良好底物;该几丁质酶水解几丁寡糖,但不水解几丁二糖;对几丁五糖以上的寡糖水解速度较快,而对几丁三糖和四糖水解速度则慢得多。     

中国鞘孢属及其相关类群: 鞘孢属新种和新记录种

本文描述了中国鞘孢属 Chalara真菌八种, 包扩四个新种: 间型鞘孢 C. intermedia, 微小鞘孢Chalara minima, 中国鞘孢Chalara sinensis 和云南鞘孢Chalara yunnanensis。 其余四个种为中国新记录种. 文中还提供了所有中国已报道种的检索表.模式标本保存在北京诺维信中国研发中心标本室.     

中国砖格孢子丝孢菌研究V.—— 单格孢属

报道单格孢属的两个新种和三个中国新记录种,新种为长圆孢单格孢Monodictys oblongispora和脑形单格孢Monodictys cerebriformis,中国新记录种为光滑单格孢Monodictys levis, 黑素单格孢Monodictys melanopa, 多变单格孢Monodictys fluctuata。研究标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

神农架丝孢菌的研究IV．尾孢菌属，短胖孢属和色链隔孢属

作者在前两篇文章里报道了湖北省神农架产的尾孢菌属及其近似属的22个种,本文再报道这一地区的尾孢菌属、短胖孢属及色链隔孢属的4个种,其中1个是新种,即李色链隔孢(Phaeoramularia pruni Guo et Liu,sp．Nov．),其模式标本收藏于中国科学院真菌标本室(HMAs)。该新种与寄生于李属(Prunus sp．)植物上的变红尾孢(Cercospora rubro-tincta)接近,但后者分生孢子梗窄(2—4．5μm),不分枝,曲膝状折点少(0一1个),分生孢子向顶渐狭,不链生,隔膜多(1—5隔),因此易于区别。     

中国尾孢菌属及其近似属的研究 III.

报道10种尾孢菌,其中有2个新种：蒿尾孢 Cercospora artemisiae 和筒轴茅生尾孢Cercospora rottboelligina,中国新记录种有鸭跖草生尾孢Cercospora commelinicola,秋英尾孢Cercospora cosmi,凤毛菊尾孢Cercospora ratibidae和苦苣菜尾孢Cercospora sonchi。文中为新种提供了拉丁文描述并附图,研究的标本保存在中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本馆( HMAS )。     

中国链格孢属的研究I．

本文报道链格孢属的2个新种：寄生在苦术科(Simaroubaceae)臭椿[Ailanthus altissima(Mill)Swingle]上的臭椿链格孢(Alternaria ailanthi sp nov),寄生在桦术科(Betulaceae)黑桦(Betuladahurica Pall)上的桦术链格孢(A. betulae sp nov.),2个新组合：豆链格孢[A．Azulaae (Hara)comb．Nov],蔷薇生链格孢[A. rosicola(Rao) comb. Nov]和1个新名称红花链格孢(A．Carthami-tinctoriinom nov．)。文中为新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述和图。模式标本保藏在山东农业大学植物病理标本室(HSAUP)．     

中国的新月孢属真菌

本文报道了我国新月孢属真菌Harposporium anguillulae,Harcuatum,H crassum,Hlilliptotanum,H. oxyeoracum和一个新种——小旋孢新月孢Harposporium microspirale sp,nov.。新种主要特征为球形瓶梗上着生1～3个小梗,孢子微旋,9．6～13．9×0．6～0．9μm.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.