应用磷酸化蛋白质组学方法初步研究喉癌相关基因 LCRG1 的功能

mRNA 差异显示技术克隆的喉癌相关基因 LCRG1 ,对不表达该基因的喉癌细胞系 (Hep-2) 的生长具有明显抑制作用 . 软件分析推测, LCRG1 可能在细胞信号传导中发挥作用 . 为进一步地研究 LCRG1 的功能,应用 RT-PCR 和平板克隆形成实验证实,经多次传代的 Hep-2/LCRG1 细胞,仍表达 LCRG1 ,且 LCRG1 具有显著的抑制细胞增殖的能力 . 抽提 Hep-2/LCRG1 和 Hep-2/pcDNA3.1(+) 细胞系总蛋白质,应用固相 pH 梯度 (IPG) 双向凝胶电泳 (2DGE) ,结合抗酪氨酸磷酸化抗体的免疫印迹和基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱 (MALDI-TOF-MS) ,鉴定酪氨酸磷酸化的蛋白质 . 得到了分辨率较高、重复性较好的 Hep-2/LCRG1 和 Hep-2/pcDNA3.1(+) 细胞系的总蛋白质双向凝胶电泳图谱;结合免疫印迹反应、软件分析和质谱技术识别并鉴定了 13 个差异反应的酪氨酸磷酸化的蛋白质 . 这些蛋白质参与了细胞信号传导和细胞代谢等过程 . 推测 LCRG1 可能是通过调节这些蛋白质的酪氨酸磷酸化、去磷酸化状态,参与细胞增殖、代谢和凋亡等过程的调控,而发挥抑瘤作用 . 这为全面、真实地揭示 LCRG1 抑瘤作用的分子机理提供了新思路 .     

LCRG1基因启动子关键顺式调节元件的鉴定

LCRG1基因(laryngeal carcinoma related genel,LCRG1)是一个新的喉癌候选抑瘤基因,其转录调控机制一直未被阐明.通过限制性内切酶酶切介导对LCRG1基因(-169～+127)区域进行剪切体分析,将LCRG1基因最小启动子定位于-169～-57.应用连接体扫描突变体分析,将关键顺式作用元件确定在-137～-122.生物信息学提示该区存在SP1、E2F1/DP1、EKLF和ZF9转录因子结合位点.利用已知反式作用因子与报告基因质粒进行共转染,提示Sp1为有效的反式作用因子,且能上调LCRG1基因的表达.凝胶迁移阻滞实验确定LCRG1基因关键的顺式作用元件区域具有Sp1结合位点.LCRG1基因启动子-137～-122片段在该基因表达过程中可能起重要作用,为LCRG1基因功能研究提供了新的证据.     

人锌指蛋白ZNF256基因克隆、表达谱分析及其功能研究

人ZNF256 基因属于C2H2 型锌指蛋白家族.该家族里面的基因大部分为转录因子,它们能够促进细胞分化、参与胚胎及心脏的发育,与精子的形成有关,并且与肿瘤相关.本文采用实时定量 PCR 方法分析了ZNF256 基因在各个组织和不同细胞系中的表达情况,亚细胞定位发现 ZNF256 定位于细胞核,萤光素酶实验分析确定 ZNF256 可以抑制 AP1 的转录活性.这些研究结果为进一步研究 ZNF256 基因在疾病发生中的作用奠定了一定的基础.     

人LCRG1基因启动子的鉴定与初步分析

Laryngeal carcinoma related gene 1(LCRC1)是一个喉癌候选抑瘤基因,为进一步深入研究其转录调控机制,应用5'RACE技术确定了该基因的转录起始位点,然后在对人LCRG1基因进行生物信息学分析的基础上,通过PCR定向克隆和酶切亚克隆策略,构建了11种含不同长度LCRG1启动子荧光素酶报告基因重组体.启动子活性分析表明,-169～ 127区域的启动子活性最高.研究提示,LCRG1基因转录所必需的基因启动子序列在-169～ 127范围内.     

ZNF143调控基因表达的机理

ZNF143(zinc finger protein 143)是由7个锌指结构组成的C2H2型转录因子,其在绝大多数脊椎动物的不同组织、细胞中广泛表达。但通常情况下,ZNF143在癌组织、胚胎发育过程中的表达高于正常组织。研究发现,ZNF143主要通过参与编码和非编码基因的激活,从而在细胞周期、细胞增殖与分裂等细胞活动中发挥重要作用。更为重要的是,近几年研究表明,ZNF143通过与其他调控蛋白质形成转录起始复合物来介导远距离染色质的相互作用,从而参与染色质结构的形成,推测其在细胞身份及命运决定中发挥重要功能。此外,由于ZNF143的表达异常往往伴随着肿瘤的发生,因此,近些年针对ZNF143来设计药物靶点的研究也取得了一定的进展。     

STAT2的小分子干扰RNA抑制HeLa细胞增殖

新近研究发现STAT2基因具有致瘤性.前期研究发现:多种肿瘤组织和细胞系高表达STAT2,因此为进一步研究STAT2基因在肿瘤发生发展中的功能,利用RNA基因沉默技术,降低STAT2基因在宫颈癌HeLa细胞系中的内源表达水平,采用XTT实验、软琼脂集落形成实验以及裸鼠体内成瘤实验等研究策略,发现沉默STAT2基因可抑制...     

RASSF1A对黑色素瘤A375细胞基因网络的影响

RASSF1A(Ras association domain family 1 isoform A)是定位于染色体3p21.3区域的抑瘤基因,编码一个由340个氨基酸残基构成的微管相关蛋白.该基因在包括恶性黑色素瘤在内的多种肿瘤中因启动子高甲基化而表达沉默.本研究建立了RASSF1A稳定表达的恶性黑色素瘤A375细胞系,通过全基因组表达谱基因芯片分析RASSF1A过表达对A375细胞基因表达谱的影响,发现RASSF1A引起184个基因表达上调,26个基因表达下调.通过Realtime RT-PCR对部分差异表达基因进行验证,结果表明与芯片筛选结果一致.RASSF1A影响的差异表达基因功能上归属于细胞生长与增殖、细胞周期、细胞凋亡、细胞间黏附、信号传导等生物过程.采用STRING软件构建了RASSF1A影响的差异表达基因调控网络,结果表明RASSF1A调控的差异表达基因构成一个高连接度的基因网络.其中,炎症细胞因子、转录因子位于网络中央.RASSF1A通过影响炎症细胞因子与转录因子之间的表达,影响A375细胞基因网络,调节黑色素瘤恶性生物学行为.     

LCRG1基因启动子关键顺式调节元件的鉴定

LCRG1基因( laryngeal carcinoma related gene1,LCRG1 )是一个新的喉癌候选抑瘤基因,其转录调控机制一直未被阐明．通过限制性内切酶酶切介导对LCRG1基因 (-169～+127)区域进行剪切体分析,将LCRG1基因最小启动子定位于-169～-57．应用连接体扫描突变体分析,将关键顺式作用元件确定在-137～-122．生物信息学提示该区存在SP1、E2F1/DP1、EKLF和ZF9转录因子结合位点．利用已知反式作用因子与报告基因质粒进行共转染,提示Spl为有效的反式作用因子,且能上调LCRG1基因的表达．凝胶迁移阻滞实验确定LCRG1基因关键的顺式作用元件区域具有Spl结合位点．LCRG1基因启动子-137～-122片段在该基因表达过程中可能起重要作用,为LCRG1基因功能研究提供了新的证据．     

pLKO.1-shSIRT7重组质粒的构建及其对人肝癌PLC/PRF/5细胞系增殖的影响

基于近年来研究发现sirtuin 7 (SIRT7)与肝癌密切相关,为此,本研究获取SIRT7基因敲除小鼠的肝细胞基因表达谱数据,在m RNA整体水平上分析SIRT7在肝细胞中的作用;另外,构建特异性下调人SIRT7基因的短发夹RNA (shRNA)表达质粒,并初步研究SIRT7基因沉默对肝癌PLC/RPF/5细胞系的影响。应用DAVID、GSEA、Cytoscape等生物信息学相关工具分析基因表达谱数据。基于pLKO.1空载质粒构建p LKO.1-sh SIRT7重组质粒并通过酶切和测序鉴定。使用Lipofectamin 2000转染重组质粒进入PLC/RPF/5细胞,并通过PCR和Western blotting验证SIRT7基因的沉默效率。通过MTT实验检测细胞增殖能力的改变和流式细胞术检测细胞周期的变化,并使用PCR检测鉴定CDC4、TK1、CDC34、BCL2等基因表达水平的变化。基因表达谱分析结果显示,SIRT7基因敲除后,基因mRNA整体水平变化主要集中在与细胞周期、细胞凋亡等相关的通路中。重组质粒酶切与测序结果显示,成功构建了pLKO.1-shSIRT7重组质粒。转染后PLC/RPF/5细胞SIRT7基因的表达得到有效沉默,与对照组相比,沉默SIRT7基因的表达可导致细胞的增殖能力降低并引起G0/G1期的细胞比例增多,PCR实验显示CDC4与BCL2表达水平增高,TK1与CDC34表达水平降低。以上研究结果提示,在肝癌PLC/RPF/5细胞系中沉默SIRT7的表达可使更多的细胞阻滞在G0/G1期,从而降低其增殖能力,其机制可能与引起细胞周期相关基因的表达改变有关。     

TBP-like Protein(TLP)通过G_2/M期阻滞抑制HeLa细胞的增殖

TBP-like protein(TLP)是真核细胞中一种常见的转录因子,在调节生长发育方面起着重要的作用。该实验构建重组质粒pEGFP-N1-TLP,研究TLP对人宫颈癌细胞HeLa增殖的影响。利用流式细胞仪检测质粒的转染效率,通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察外源TLP蛋白的亚细胞定位。经过MTT检测、RNAi-TLP诱导的基因沉默及Hoechst33258染色研究TLP对HeLa细胞的增殖抑制作用。流式细胞术、Western blot和RT-PCR实验结果表明,TLP将HeLa细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,并抑制周期相关基因CDK1和CyclinB1的转录和翻译。研究表明,外源TLP在HeLa细胞的细胞核中表达,通过降低细胞周期相关基因CDK1和CDK1的表达水平,将HeLa细胞的细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期,从而抑制细胞的增殖。     

Knockdown of ZNF403 inhibits cell proliferation and induces G2/M arrest by modulating cell-cycle mediators

ZNF403, also known as GGNBP2 (gametogenetin binding protein 2), is a highly conserved gene implicated in spermatogenesis. However, the exact biological function of ZNF403 is not clear. In this study, we identified the role of ZNF403 in cell proliferation and cell-cycle regulation by utilizing short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown. ZNF403-specific shRNA expressing helper-dependent adenoviral vector (HD-Ad-ZNF403-shRNA) was constructed and transduced human cell lines. ZNF403 mRNA and protein expression levels were inhibited as evidenced by real-time PCR and western blot analyses. Noticeably, we found that knockdown of ZNF403 expression suppressed cell proliferation compared to the non-target shRNA and vector controls. Furthermore, cell-cycle analysis demonstrated that downregulation of ZNF403 promoted G2/M cell-cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, human cell-cycle real-time PCR array revealed that ZNF403 knockdown influenced the expression profile of genes in cell-cycle regulation. Among these genes, western blot analysis confirmed the protein up-regulation of p21 and down-regulation of MCM2 in response to the ZNF403 knockdown. Additionally, knockdown of ZNF403 also showed an anti-carcinogenetic effect on anchorage-independent growth by colony formation assay and tumor cell migration by wound-healing assay with human laryngeal cancer cell line Hep-2 cells. Altogether, our findings suggest an essential role of ZNF403 in cell proliferation and provide a new insight into the function of ZNF403 in regulating the G2/M cell-cycle transition.     

DNA甲基化通过锌指蛋白185调控慢性粒细胞白血病细胞的增殖

锌指蛋白185(ZNF185)属于LIM结构域蛋白,参与细胞的增殖和分化,在多种肿瘤细胞中具有抑癌基因的功能.ZNF185在正常人血液系统细胞中高表达,但目前对白血病细胞的作用未见研究.采用Western blot检测人外周血中性粒细胞、急性粒细胞白血病细胞系HL-60和慢性粒细胞白血病细胞系K562细胞中ZNF185的表达,发现ZNF185在HL-60和K562细胞中的表达水平显著低于外周血中性粒细胞.为了阐明ZNF185对慢性粒细胞白血病细胞增殖的影响,从人外周血中性粒细胞克隆ZNF185编码序列,转染K562细胞,MTT检测细胞增殖,发现过表达ZNF185显著抑制K562细胞的增殖.甲基化特异PCR分析表明:ZNF185启动子在HL-60和K562细胞中高甲基化,用5-氮杂-2′-脱氧胞苷处理K562细胞,促进ZNF185的表达,显著抑制细胞增殖.研究结果表明,ZNF185启动子高甲基化导致其在K562细胞中的表达降低和细胞增殖抑制作用减弱.可能是慢性粒细胞白血病发生或发展的原因之一.     

Inflammation and Cancer: Role of Annexin A1 and FPR2/ALX in Proliferation and Metastasis in Human Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The anti-inflammatory protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) has been associated with cancer progression and metastasis, suggesting its role in regulating tumor cell proliferation. We investigated the mechanism of ANXA1 interaction with formylated peptide receptor 2 (FPR2/ALX) in control, peritumoral and tumor larynx tissue samples from 20 patients, to quantitate the neutrophils and mast cells, and to evaluate the protein expression and co-localization of ANXA1/FPR2 in these inflammatory cells and laryngeal squamous cells by immunocytochemistry. In addition, we performed in vitro experiments to further investigate the functional role of ANXA1/FPR2 in the proliferation and metastasis of Hep-2 cells, a cell line from larynx epidermoid carcinoma, after treatment with ANXA1_2–26 (annexin A1 N-terminal-derived peptide), Boc2 (antagonist of FPR) and/or dexamethasone. Under these treatments, the level of Hep-2 cell proliferation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, ANXA1/FPR2 co-localization, and the prostaglandin signalling were analyzed using ELISA, immunocytochemistry and real-time PCR. An influx of neutrophils and degranulated mast cells was detected in tumor samples. In these inflammatory cells of peritumoral and tumor samples, ANXA1/FPR2 expression was markedly exacerbated, however, in laryngeal carcinoma cells, this expression was down-regulated. ANXA1_2–26 treatment reduced the proliferation of the Hep-2 cells, an effect that was blocked by Boc2, and up-regulated ANXA1/FPR2 expression. ANXA1_2–26 treatment also reduced the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and affected the expression of metalloproteinases and EP receptors, which are involved in the prostaglandin signalling. Overall, this study identified potential roles for the molecular mechanism of the ANXA1/FPR2 interaction in laryngeal cancer, including its relationship with the prostaglandin pathway, providing promising starting points for future research. ANXA1 may contribute to the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis through paracrine mechanisms that are mediated by FPR2/ALX. These data may lead to new biological targets for therapeutic intervention in human laryngeal cancer.     

微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶类似物12通过干扰微管蛋白酪氨酸硝基化促进Hep-2细胞生长

硝基化酪氨酸与酪氨酸在结构上相似,它在病理情况下会出现,并在细胞内与微管蛋白结合,从而阻碍微管的正常功能. 硝基化酪氨酸在肿瘤中的作用,目前研究甚少.本文利用头颈鳞癌Hep-2细胞株,研究微管蛋白酪氨酸连接酶类似物12（tubulin tyrosine ligase like 12,TTLL12）和硝基化酪氨酸对头颈鳞癌Hep-2生长的影响,通过Western 印迹试验和MTT试验发现,随着硝基化酪氨酸的浓度升高,细胞内生成的硝基化酪氨酸微管蛋白含量也增高,同时细胞生长受抑制的程度显著增高; 对建立的TTLL12高表达细胞株加入硝基化酪氨酸培养,结果显示,TTLL12高表达细胞株内的硝基化酪氨酸微管蛋白含量明显低于对照组细胞;对照组细胞的生长明显受到抑制,而高表达细胞株的生长无明显改变,两者的细胞生长有显著性差异（P＜0.05）.本研究结果提示,TTLL12可通过阻碍硝基化酪氨酸与微管蛋白的结合,使头颈鳞癌Hep-2细胞逃避硝基化酪氨酸的打击. 对这一调控机制的进一步研究,必将有助于控制肿瘤细胞的生长,为治疗肿瘤寻找到新的治疗靶点.     

Dehydrocostus lactone inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis by PI3K/Akt/Bad and ERS signalling pathway in human laryngeal carcinoma

The anti-cancer effect of dehydrocostus lactone (DHL) derived from Saussurea costus (Falc.) Lipech against laryngeal carcinoma was assessed. The cytotoxic activity of DHL against laryngeal carcinoma is still obscure. Therefore, our study investigated the role of DHL in the growth inhibition of laryngeal carcinoma in vitro and in vivo, and the molecular mechanism of DHL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells of the larynx. The results showed that DHL inhibits the viability, migration and proliferation of Hep-2 and TU212 cells with little toxic effects on human normal larynx epithelial HBE cell line. Flow cytometry analysis (FAC) analysis and staining assay (Hoechst 33258) indicated that DHL stimulated Hep-2 and TU212 cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, DHL is capable of inhibiting Hep-2 and TU212 cell viability via promoting p53 and P21 function, meanwhile DHL dose-dependently induces Hep-2 and TU212 cells apoptosis via activating mitochondrial apoptosis by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/Bad pathway and stimulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis pathway. In vivo, DHL inhibited the growth of the Hep-2 nude mouse xenograft model and observed no significant signs of toxicity in the organs of nude mice. In vivo experiments further confirmed the anti-cancer effect of DHL on laryngeal carcinoma cells in vitro, and DHL-treated nude mice can reduce the volume of tumours. Together, our study indicated that DHL has the potential to inhibit human laryngeal carcinoma via activating mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/Bad signalling pathway and stimulating endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis pathway, providing a strategy for the treatment of human laryngeal carcinoma.     

ZNF280A promotes lung adenocarcinoma development by regulating the expression of EIF3C

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common histological subtype in non-small cell lung cancer, which is the malignant tumor with the highest mortality and morbidity in the world. Herein, ZNF280A, a member of the zinc finger protein family carrying two consecutive Cys2His2 zinc finger domains, was shown by us to act as a tumor driver in LUAD. The immunohistochemical analysis of ZNF280A in LUAD indicated its positive correlation with tumor grade, pathological stage and lymphatic metastasis, and negative relationship with patients’ survival. A loss-of-function study revealed the inhibition of LUAD development by ZNF280A in vitro and in vivo, whereas ZNF280A overexpression induced opposite effects. Statistical analysis of gene expression profiling in LUAD cells with or without ZNF280A knockdown identified EIF3C as a potential downstream of ZNF280A, which possesses similar regulatory effects on phenotypes of LUAD cells with ZNF280A. Moreover, downregulation of EIF3C in ZNF280A-overexpressed cells could attenuate neutralize the ZNF280A-induced promotion of LUAD. In summary, our study demonstrated that ZNF280A may promote the development of LUAD by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, and cell migration and probably via interacting EIF3C.Subject terms: Lung cancer, Lung cancer